Atomic and Nuclear Clusters: Proceedings of the Second International Conference at Santorini, Greece, June 28 – July 2, 1993

339 Pages·1995·19.592 MB·English

by  Professor G. S. Anagnostatos, Professor Dr. W. von Oertzen (eds.)

Atomic and Nuclear Clusters
Sponsors Chairmen
American Express Bank Ltd. G. S. Anagnostatos, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
W. von Oertzen, Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH, Germany
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Boutari Brothers Wineries, S. A. Secretaries
Commercial Bank of Greece
W. Ekardt, Fritz-Haber-Institut, Berlin, Germany
M. E. Grypeos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
European Physical Society
Folkloristic Group "Krystallis"
International Organizing Committee
Greek Ministry of Culture and Sciences
J. A. Alonso, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
Greek Ministry of Industry, Research and Technology
M. Brenner, Abo Akademi, Turku, Finland
R. A. Broglia, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
Greek National Commission for UNESCO
C. Detraz, IN2P3, Paris, France
K. A. Gridnev, St. Petersburg University, Russia
Greek National Tourist Organization
F. B. Malik, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, USA
Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH, Germany T. P. Martin, Max-Planck-Institut, Stuttgart, Germany
B. R. Mottelson, Nordisk Institut for Theoretisk Fysik, Copenhagen, Denmark
Hellenic Nuclear Physics Society A. C. Xenoulis, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
Hellenic Physical Society
International Advisory Committee
Institute of Nuclear Physics, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos"
R. S. Berry, The University of Chicago, USA
International Science Foundation
S. Bjornholm, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
INTRACOM (Hellenic Telecommunications & Industry) C. Brechignac, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, Orsay, France
D. M. Brink, University of Oxford, u.K.
National Bank of Greece M. Broyer, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon I, France
R. Coussement, University of Leuven, Belgium
Olympic Airways O. Echt, University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA
A. Faessler, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat Tubingen, Germany
Olympic Aviation
C. Fotakis, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
W. Greiner, Universitat Frankfurt a. M., Germany
University of Aegeon
P. E. Hodgson, University of Oxford, U.K.
H. Horiuchi, Kyoto University, Japan
Venturis Sea Lines
P. Jena, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
J. Jortner, Tel Aviv University, Israel
A. A. Katsanos, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
J. Koutecky, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany
H. O. Lutz, Universitat Bielefeld, Germany
E. Merzbacher, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
w.
J. Negele, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
A. Oglobin, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
S. Rosati, Universita die Pisa, Italy
Local Organizing Committee
G. S. Anagnostatos, N.C.S. R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
D. Bonatsos, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
A. Clouvas, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
M. E. Grypeos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
C. P. Panos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
L. Trouposkiadis, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
M. Velegrakis, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
A. C. Xenoulis, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
Technical Head
Ph. Trouposkiadis, N .C.S.R. "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
G. S. Anagnostatos W. von Oertzen (Eds.)
Atomic and Nuclear Clusters
Proceedings of the Second International Conference
at Santorini, Greece
June 28 - July 2, 1993
With 225 Figures
Springer
Professor G. S. Anagnostatos
NCSR "Demokritos"
Institute of Nuclear Physics
GR-15310 Aghia Paraskevi,Attiki
Greece
Professor Dr. W. von Oertzen
Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin
Glienicker StraBe 100
D-14109 Berlin
Germany
Some contributions to this book originally appeared in the journals
Zeitschrift fur Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei, Volume 349, Number 3/4
(ISSN 0939-7922)
Zeitschrift fur Physik D ".. Atoms, Molecules and Clusters, Volume 31, Numbers 3 and 4
(ISSN 0178-7638)
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994
ISBN-13:978-3-642-79698-2 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-79696-8
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-79696-8
CIP data applied for
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Preface
The Second International Conference on Atomic and Nuclear Clusters '93 was orga
nized in a joint effort by the 'Demokritos' National Center for Scientific Research, G.S.
Anagnostatos (representing the atomic physics) and the Hahn-Meitner-Institut, W. von
Oertzen (representing the nuclear physics).
The subject of clusters - small aggregates of particles - is a topic of primary interest in
both atomic and nuclear physics, and also in other fields like in the case of quark-structure
of baryons and in cosmology. The interplay between atomic and nuclear physics is a
particularly fascinating one because many concepts are common to both fields (quantal
effects, shells, geometric structures, collective modes, fission etc.)
This conference was the second after the first one organized by Professor M. Brenner
in Abo (Finland) in 1991. The general atmosphere of a joint forum for atomic and nuclear
physicists was very fruitful and thus the decision to have a sequence of such meetings has
been taken. A third one is planned in St. Petersburg (Russia) with Professor K. Gridnev
(St. Petersburg) and Mme. Professor C. Bnkhignac (Orsay) as Chairpersons.
The conference site, Fin\. on Santorini island (Greece), was a wonderful choice for a
conference. It is small, which helps to keep people concentrated in a smaller community, it
has a perfect convention center, the P. Nomikos Conference Center, and a very beautiful
landscape formed by a large volcanic crater.
Apart from the sessions with oral presentations mostly composed of invited papers,
poster sessions were held early in the afternoons. The posters and a limited number
of selected contributions presented orally, are also printed in these proceedings as two
page contributions. The order of presentation in these proceedings follows that of the
official program. The poster papers are collected together at the end of the proceedings
in alphabetical order. As apparent from the present volume, during the conference the
relevant topics of atomic and nuclear clusters were grouped into common sessions.
The papers accepted in these proceedings are the result of a refereeing procedure
directed by the chairmen of the conference. Originality and quality were the main
criteria of acceptance for both invited and contributed papers. After this pro
cedure, the accepted papers on atomic clusters were sent to Zeitschrift fur Physik D
and those on nuclear clusters to Zeitschrift fUr Physik A. The editors-in-chief of these
journals, by employing their own criteria, accepted certain papers to appear as regular
articles in their respective journals. These articles are indicated by a citation line at the
top of the first page of the article.
The general atmosphere of the conference was very lively and international. The
overall feeling that the subject of the conference needs common efforts in both atomic
and nuclear fields was definitely confirmed.
Athens - Berlin, G.S. Anagnostatos
March 1995 W. von Oertzen
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Professor T.R. Motteleson for his continuous support and encourage
ment of a joint study of atomic and nuclear clusters which constitutes the main theme
of this series of conferences.
We deeply appreciate the suggestions provided by the members of the International
Organizing Committee and the members of the International Advisory Committee which
contributed to the balanced composition of topics and speakers. Of course, the conference
could not have taken place without the untiring efforts of the members of the Local Or
ganizing Committee during the long period of preparation. We also thank the European
Physical Society under whose auspices the conference was held.
Finally, we are indebted to the conference sponsors listed on the first page of these
proceedings.
Contents
Opening Address: Please, Keep Beauty Alive 1
Part I Papers Presented Orally (in conference order)
A Survey of Alpha-Clustering
by P.E. Hodgson ........................................................ 5
Oscillations of Finite Quantal Fermi Systems
by R.A. Broglia, F. Alasia, G. Colo, H.E. Roman, Ll. Serra 13
Clustering Aspects of Nuclei with Octupole and Superdeformation
by S. Aberg, L.-O. Jonsson ............................................... 18
Electronic Shells and Supershells in Large Trivalent Metal Clusters
by M. Pellarin, B. Baguenard, C. Bordas, J. Lerme, J.L. Vialle
and M. Broyer .......................................................... 25
Optical Response and Shapes of Charged Sodium Clusters;
An Analogue of the Nuclear Giant Dipole Response
by J. Pedersen, J. Borggreen, P. Chowdhury, N. Kebaili, L. Lundsberg-Nielsen,
K. Liitzenkirchen, M.B. Nielsen and H.D. Rasmussen ........................ 30
The Giant Dipole Resonance Photons and the Shapes of Hot Er
and Sn Nuclei
by A. Bracco, F. Camera 35
RPA in Nuclei and Metal Clusters
by P.-G. Reinhard, S. Weisgerber, O. Genzken, M. Brack 41
Optical Response of Bimetallic LixNas-x(O ~ x ~ 8)
and of Doped NasZn Clusters
by L.C. BalMs, A. Rubio, M.B. Torres ............................ . . . . . . . . 45
Clustering States in the 62Ni(5SNi,5SNi)62Ni Reaction
by L. Vannucci, U. Abbondanno, M. Bettiolo, M. Bruno, N. Cindro,
M. D' Agostino, P.M. Milazzo, R.A. Ricci, G. Vannini ....................... 50
Nuclear Clusters and Nuclear Molecules
by B.R. Fulton ................................................. ,.. . . . . . . 53
VIII Contents
Collisional Process Involving Atomic Cluster Ions
by J. Hirokawa, M. Ichihashi, S. Nonose, T. Kondow ....................... . 59
Fragmentation of Gold Clusters Stored in a Penning Trap
by St. Becker, G. Dietrich, H.-U. Hasse, N. Klisch, H.-J. Kluge, D. Kreisle, St.
Kruckeberg, M. Lindinger, K. Lutzenkirchen, L. Schweikhard,
H. Weidele and J. Ziegler ............................................... . 62
Binary Nuclear Molecules of an a-Particle and a Heavier Cluster
by M.Brenner ......................................................... . 64
Electronic Structure and Properties of Designer Clusters
and Cluster-Assemblies
by S.N. Khanna and P. Jena 68
Nuclear Clustering Aspects in Astrophysics
by S. Kubono ......................................................... . 73
Alpha Clustering and the Stellar Nucleosynthesis of Carbon
by H. Oberhummer, H. Krauss, K. Grun, T. Rauscher, H. Abele, P. Mohr, G.
Staudt ................................................................ . 77
The Optical Response of Anionic Alkali Metal Clusters
by J.M. Pacheco and W. Ekardt ......................................... . 79
Alpha Chain States in 4N-Nuclei
by A.C. Merchant, W.D.M. Rae ......................................... . 82
Many-Particle Decays of a-Chain Structures in 24Mg
by A.H. Wuosmaa ..................................................... . 88
Linear a-Chain States in Nuclei
by L. Zamick, D.C. Zheng ............................................... . 93
Energetics of the Fission Process
by F. G6nnenwein ...................................................... . 96
Fission of Highly Charged Alkali Metal Clusters
by U. Wiher, S. Frank, N. Malinowski, U. Zimmermann ,T.P. Martin 102
Multi-dimensional Tunneling and Nuclear Fission Process
by A. Iwamoto ......................................................... 109
The CI-NH3, CI-H20, F-NH3 and F-H20 Clusters
and Their Photoelectron Spectra
by U. Kaldor ........................................................... 113
Nonlinear Approach in the a-Cluster Model
by K.A. Gridnev ........................................................ 117
Contents IX
Spectroscopy of Microclusters in Superfluid Helium
by J.H.M. Beijersbergen, Qin Hui and M. Takami ........................... 120
Effects of the Cluster Surface on the Electronic Shell Structure:
Faceting, Roughness and Softness
by J. Man~ikka-aho, M. Manninen, E. Hamman~n ........................... 122
Free Clusters of Copper Atoms: A Study of Structural Size Effects
by D. Reinhard, P. Berthoud, D. Ugarte, B.D. Hall, R. Monot ................ 128
Very Neutron-Rich Exotic Nuclei
by F. Pougheon ......................................................... 130
Clustering Aspects of Light Exotic Nuclei
by J.S. Vaagen, I.J. Thompson, J.M. Bang, M.V. Zhukov, B.V. Danilin, D.V.
Fedorov ................................................................ 136
Neutron-Rich Nuclei Studied with AMD
by H. Horiuchi, Y. Kanada-En'yo, A. Ono .................................. 142
Ionic Hydrogen Clusters: Structure and Fragmentation
by B. Farizon, M. Farizon, M.J. Gaillard, E. Gerlic and S. Ouaskit 147
Statistical M ultifragmentation
by D.H.E. Gross ........................................................ 154
Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Cage-Like Clusters:
From Water to Met-Cars
by A.W. Castleman, Jr. .................................................. 160
Water Clusters: The (H 0)64 Case
2
by S.C. Farantos ........................................................ 167
Superconductivity in Fullerenes: Buckyballs
by R. Friedberg, T.D. Lee, and H.C. Ren .................................. 172
Synthesis of C60 Atomic Clusters and Magnetization Studies
of Superconducting Rb3C6o
by P. Papanikolaou, S. Zolatas, M. Galatsida, C. Politis ...................... 178
Xe+ -Ion Capture by Neutral Ar and Ne Clusters
by P. Scheier, B. Schiestl, M. Lezius, M. Foltin, M. Kolibiar and T.D. Mark 180
Higher Nodal a-Cluster Band in 40Ca
by T. Yamaya, S. Ohkubo ................................................ 183
Nuclear Structure Effects in Cluster Radioactivity
by D.N. Poenaru, W. Greiner, E. Hourani, M. Hussonnois 185
X Contents
Spontaneous Emission of 14C Clusters from A = 221 Nuclei
by R. Bonetti, C. Chiesa, A. Guglielmetti, C. Migliorino, P. Monti ............ 187
14C Cluster Emission: A Tool for the Study of Nuclear Structures
by M. Hussonnois, G. Ardisson ........................................... 189
Summary of the Conference
by Walter Greiner ....................................................... 193
Part II Contributions/Posters (in alphabetical order)
Possible Water Cluster Formation by Dilution and Succussions
by G.S. Anagnostatos, P. Pissis, and K. Vir as .............................. 215
The Quadrupole Moment of the Neutron-Halo Nucleus llLi
by E. Arnold, J. Bonn, A. Klein, P. Lievens, R. Neugart, M. Neuroth,
E.W. Otten, H. Reich, W. Widdra ........................................ 218
Time-Dependent Schrodinger Approach to Sub-barrier Fission
N. Carjan, O. Serot, D. Strottman ........................................ 220
The Semimicroscopic Algebraic Cluster Model of Atomic Nuclei
J. Cseh ................................................................ 223
Some Predictions of New Spontaneous Cluster Emitters
and Mechanism of Cluster Decay
by W. Furman, S. Kadmensky, Yu. Tchuvilsky .............................. 225
On the Localization of Electrons and Holes in Hgn
and Rare-Gas Clusters
by M.E. Garcia, K.H. Bennemann ......................................... 228
Fission Barriers for Na;"'+ Cluster Dissociation
by F. Garcias, J.A. Alonso, M. Barranco, J.M. Lopez, A. Mafianes,
and J. Nemeth .......................................................... 231
Theoretical Calculations of the Relative Stability of Li6 Isomers
by G. Gardet, F. Rogemond and H. Chermette ............................. 235
Van der Waals Adducts: Spectroscopy and Reactivity
of Styrenes Clustered with Various Molecules
by A. G. Guidoni, A. Mele, S. Piccirillo, M. Coreno, M. Snels 237
Ground State Systematics of Spheroidally Deformed Sodium Clusters
in the Jellium Model
by T. Hirschmann, M. Brack, J. Meyer 240