Atlas-ti: An Introductory Workshop - GFMER

29 Pages·2009·1.14 MB·English

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Session 1: Approaching Qualitatively
Day & Date: Monday 01/09/08 (9.30 –10.30 a.m.)
K. Rambaree (Ph.D.)
University of Mauritius
Research Week 2008
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee rreesseeaarrcchh:: TTrraaddiittiioonnaall
Interpretive v/s positivist traditions.
l
The positivist: based on assumptionsthat truths can be
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explained and predicted; and holds the belief in
objectivity guided by the quantitative methodology
(Lee,
1992)
The interpretive: based on the belief that human beings
l
create meanings that could be observed and studied
through qualitative inquiries
(Silverman, 2000).
Qualitative researchers espouse a constructivist
l
ontological view of the world
(Broom, 2005).
K. Rambaree
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee rreesseeaarrcchh:: AA NNeeww EErraa
Beyond exploratory
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Qualitative: gaining recognition in domains traditionally
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inclined to more positivistic methods
(Alttride-Stirling, 2001; Barnes et
al., 1999; Black, 1996).
Quant. & Qua: Mutually exclusive
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N.B. quant.and qua.views added together do not provide
l
a total view of the reality
(Lee, 1992).
K. Rambaree
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee DDaattaa
Structured text
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(writings, narratives, official documents, articles, etc).
Unstructured text
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(transcriptions, interviews, focus groups, conversations, memos)
Audio recordings
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(Interviews, discussions, conversations, music)
Video recordings
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(Films, Documentaries, as above)
Others
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(graphics, pictures, visual designs)
K. Rambaree
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee DDaattaa:: CCoolllleeccttiioonn
Personal Interviews
l
(Struc. Semi-Struc, Unstructured)
Group Interviews/Discussions
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Observations
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(Part or Non-Part)
Narratives
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(Oral or Written)
Photographic Evidence
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Video-Evidence
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Secondary Data
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(Docs, Diaries, Newspapers, Articles)
K. Rambaree
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee DDaattaa:: TThhee CChhaalllleennggeess
Amount of Data
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Formats of Data
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Data Reduction
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Types of Analysis
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How to proceed
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Data presentation
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Ensure for Rigour
l
K. Rambaree
QQuuaalliittaattiivvee DDaattaa:: TTyyppeess ooff AAnnaallyyssiiss
Content Analysis
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(Critical) Discourse Analysis
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Thematic (Thematic Network) Analysis
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Grounded Theory Analysis
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Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
l
K. Rambaree
CCoonntteenntt AAnnaallyyssiiss
Most common notion: a content analysis simply means
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doing a word-frequency count
(Stemler, 2001)
Compressingmany words of text into fewer content
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categories based on explicit rules of coding
E.g.
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l Source: Rambaree & BacklundRambaree (2007)
K. Rambaree
CCoonntteenntt AAnnaallyyssiiss ((CCoonntt..))
Mayring (2000: 11 & 14)
Inductive Process Deductive Process
K. Rambaree
((CCrriittiiccaall)) DDiissccoouurrssee AAnnaallyyssiiss
Discourse refers “to the manner in which individuals
l
and institutions communicate through written texts and
spoken interaction”
(Lupton, as quoted in Horsfall and Cleary, 2000: 1292)
DA examinesways in which knowledge and meanings
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are socially constructed
(Gee and Green, 1998).
CriticalDA:makingacriticalanalysisoftheuseof
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languageandthereproductionofdominantideologies
(beliefsystems)indiscourse(asagroupofideasor
patternedwayofthinkingwhichcanbeidentifiedbothin
textualandverbalcommunicationsandlocatedinwider
socialstructures)
(Lupton1992,HorsfallandCleary,2000).
K. Rambaree