atlas of marine st. lawrence mi'gmaq and maliseet sites and their uses

47 Pages·2017·34.84 MB·English

ATLAS OF MARINE ST. LAWRENCE
MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET SITES
AND THEIR USES
By the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and
Viger Communities
MARCH 2017
Association de gestion halieutique
autochtone Mi’gmaq et Malécite
34 SECTION 2
3 BACKGROUND 20 GREENLAND HALIBUT FISHERY
ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE PORTRAIT
Locations of MMAFMA’s member communities Total volume of Greenland halibut harvested (kg)
Map 01 Maliseet of Viger First Nation 2012-2015 35 ATLANTIC SALMON
Map 14
Locations of rivers and estuaries where Gesgapegiag
4 THE MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET COMMUNITIES
and Gespeg members have fished for salmon over
AND THE MARINE ST. LAWRENCE 21 ATLANTIC HALIBUT FISHERY
the years
Atlantic halibut commercial fishing areas Map 25A
5 PRESENTATION OF THE ATLAS Map 15
36 COMMUNAL SUBSISTENCE FISHERY
22 ATLANTIC HALIBUT FISHERY
6 SECTION 1 Locations where communal fishing is practiced
PORTRAIT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES Atlantic halibut fishing sectors Micmacs of Gesgapegiag Map 25B
and Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2012-2015
6 METHOD USED TO CREATE THE MAPS Map 16 37 COMMUNAL SUBSISTENCE FISHERY
23 BY CATCH BY THE THREE COMMUNITIES
7 SNOW CRAB FISHERY 38 AMERICAN EEL
Total volume of snow crab harvested (kg) 25 SEA CUCUMBER FISHERY Locations of American eel fishing areas
Maliseet of Viger First Nation 2010-2015 Map 26A
Sea cucumber harvesting sectors Maliseet of Viger First
Map 02
Production: Nation and Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2013-2015 39 AMERICAN EEL
Map 17
Mi’gmaq Maliseet Aboriginal Fisheries Management 8 SNOW CRAB FISHERY Locations of rivers surveyed by the Maliseet of
Association (MMAFMA) Total volume of snow crab harvested (kg) 26 GREEN SEA URCHIN FISHERY Viger First Nation 2012-2013
Micmacs of Gesgapegiag 2010-2015 Map 26B
Project coordination: Map 03 Commercial green sea urchin fishing areas
Lisa M. Arsenault Map 18 40 ATLANTIC COD
9 SNOW CRAB FISHERY Locations of sites where Atlantic cod were caught
27 GREEN SEA URCHIN FISHERY
Geomatic analysis: Total volume of snow crab harvested (kg) by members of the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Viger
Marie-Josée Racine Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2010-2015 Green sea urchin fishing sector Maliseet of Viger communities
Map 04 First Nation 2010-2015 Map 27
Texts: Map 19
Lisa M. Arsenault and Marie-Josée Racine 10 ROCK CRAB FISHERY 41 STRIPED BASS
28 WAVED WHELK FISHERY
Commercial rock crab fishing areas 2010-2015 Locations of sites where Striped bass were caught
Project oversight and editing: Map 05 Commercial waved whelk fishing areas 2010-2015 by members of the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Viger
Catherine Lambert Koizumi Map 20 communities
11 ROCK CRAB FISHERY Map 28
Translation: 29 WAVED WHELK FISHERY
Rock crab fishing sectors, Micmacs of Gesgapegiag
Wilma Zomer, Communicart Waved whelk fishing sector, Maliseet of Viger 42 AMERICAN PLAICE - ACADIAN /
and Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2010-2015
First Nation 2013 DEEPWATER REDFISH- ATLANTIC STURGEON
Graphic design: Map 06 Map 21 Locations of sites where American plaice,
Médialog 12 AMERICAN LOBSTER FISHERY redfish and Atlantic sturgeon were caught
30 KELP FARMING Map 29
Illustrations: Commercial American lobster fishing areas Kelp farming plots for the SALAWEG project
MAP 07
©AGHAMM/MMAFMA 2015 – by Jessica Jerome 2015-2016 43 WHALE SIGHTINGS
Photo credits: 13 AMERICAN LOBSTER FISHERY Map 22 Locations of whale sightings over the years
Map 30
AGHAMM (Unless otherwise indicated) American lobster fishing sectors, Micmacs 31 OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES
of Gesgapegiag and Nation Micmac de Gespeg
Overlay of commercial fisheries by species 44 AMERICAN BANK
2010-2015
This document should be cited as follows: Map 08 for the three communities 2010-2015 Locations of the various activities in
Map 23 the American Bank area over the years
Arsenault, L.M. Racine, M.-J. and Lambert Koizumi, C.
15 NORTHERN SHRIMP FISHERY Map 31
(2017) Atlas of Marine St. Lawrence Mi’gmaq and Maliseet 32 OVERVIEW OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES
Total volume of northern shrimp harvested (kg)
Sites and Their Uses by the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Overlay of commercial activities for the three 45 OVERVIEW
Maliseet of Viger First Nation 2010-2015
Viger Communities. Mi’gmaq Maliseet Aboriginal Fisheries Map 09 communities 2010-2015 Overview of ecological knowledge data
Map 24 Map 32
Management Association (MMAFMA), 46 p.
16 NORTHERN SHRIMP FISHERY
46 LAND CLAIMS PORTRAIT
Total volume of northern shrimp harvested (kg)
Acknowledgements Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2010-2015 Location of land claimed by the Maliseet of Viger
It would have been impossible to produce this atlas Map 10 First Nation and the Mi’gmawei Mawiomi Secretariat
Map 33
without the contribution of many individuals and
17 NORTHERN SHRIMP FISHERY
organisations, and financial support from the Department
Total volume of northern shrimp harvested (kg)
of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). This project would
Micmacs of Gesgapegiag 2010-2015
not have been possible without the valuable contribution Map 11
of the many people involved, notably fisheries directors
18 GREENLAND HALIBUT FISHERY
from the Maliseet of Viger First Nation, La Nation Micmac
Total volume of Greenland halibut harvested (kg)
de Gespeg and the Micmacs of Gesgapegiag.
Micmacs of Gesgapegiag 2015
Map 12
19 GREENLAND HALIBUT FISHERY
Total volume of Greenland halibut harvested (kg)
Nation Micmac de Gespeg 2010-2015
Map 13
ATLAS OF MARINE ST. LAWRENCE MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET SITES AND THEIR USES BY THE GESGAPEGIAG, GESPEG AND VIGER COMMUNITIES
r
Fermont
BACKGROUND
The St. Lawrence Gulf and Estuary form a complex environment, one
that varies with the passing seasons and years. It is a semi-enclosed N
sea where surface waters react to different forces – tidal currents, 52°
winds, atmospheric pressure and the water flowing in from rivers. This
complexity makes the marine St. Lawrence particularly vulnerable to
environmental incidents such as oil spills. This is the context that led Québec
the Mi’gmaq Maliseet Aboriginal Fisheries Management Association
Québec
(MMAFMA) to undertake a project to create an atlas of marine
St. Lawrence Mi’gmaq and Maliseet sites and their uses by and for
its three member communities, with financial support from the
Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO).
États-Unis
This project aims to increase the capacities of MMAFMA’s three
member communities – the Maliseet of Viger First Nation, the Nation
Micmac de Gespeg and the Micmacs of Gesgapegiag. Another goal
is to enable the communities to identify marine sites of importance Sept-Îles
to them. More specifically, the project sought to digitalize, map and
share Mi’gmaq and Maliseet knowledge associated with traditional N Port-Cartier
0°
and contemporary activities involving the marine environment. 5
Thus, through this project, MMAFMA was able to gather available
icnofmormmuantiiotine so nan uds egse annedra steit egse toh-aret faerree nimcepdo rdtaatnat btoa sitess t. h ree member Île d'Anticosti
Terre-Neuve-
Ttinhhfioiss r amdtolaactsiuo mpnr eocnjeotc natnn ewdc itltleh adel lodtwoat aum sbeeamss ebosef r cstr heoeaf t etmhdea w rciniotehm inem ntuhvnieri otfinreamsm eteonw tasoc. rckTe hosesf BaieF-lCeou vmee Saauint-L a u re ntCap-Chat Murdochvill)e NATION MICMAC DE GESPEG Laberta-dor
information collated in this atlas can serve as a tool to help the Gaspé
Matane
communities plan a rapid and effective response in the event of an
Forestville
incident, such as an oil spill, or facilitate decision-making connected
Alma Mont-Joli Percé
to consultation processes and development initiatives.
Rimouski Amqui
MICMACS OF GESGAPEGIAG
)
New Richmond
TMHAEN MAGI’GEMMAENQT M AASLSIOSECEIATT AIOBNO RIGINAL FISHERIES 48° N )PREMIÈRE NATION MALÉCITE DE VIGERCampbelltonBaiedes C h ale urs
The Mi’gmaq Maliseet Aboriginal Fisheries Management Association Clermont
Îles-de-la-
(MMAFMA) is an organization created in 2012 within the framework of Notre-Dame-du-Lac Dégelis Bathurst Golfe du Madeleine
the Aboriginal Aquatic Resources and Oceans Management (AAROM) Saint-Laurent
program of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). The AAROM La Pocatière Edmundston
program aims to assist Aboriginal groups to participate effectively
in consultation and decision-making used for the management Beaupré
of aquatic resources and oceans. The mission of MMAFMA is to Montmagny
promote the sustainable management and conservation of aquatic Lévis Dernière mise à jour: Février 2017
Nouveau-Brunswick
Last Update : February 2017
and oceanic ecosystems within the territories and activity zones of Québec

the Micmacs1 of Gesgapegiag, the Nation Micmac de Gespeg and the Produit par : AGHAMM
Sainte-Marie Île-du- Produced by : MMAFMA
Maliseet of Viger First Nation (Map 1), while promoting their interests
États-Unis
and participation in co-management processes. Prince-Édouard Projection: Lambert conique conforme, NAD83
0 20 40 80 Lambert Conforal Conic, NAD83
Saint-Georges km
N Sources :
6° Disraeli MPO (2016),
4 Échelle approximative Nouvelle-Écosse NRCan (2016) et /
1:4,000,000 and ESRI (2016)
70° O 65° O 60° O
1 Throughout the text, whenever we refer specifically to Mi’gmaq First LOCATIONS OF MMAFMA’S MEMBER COMMUNITIES
Nations, we use the designations used officially by each: the Nation
Micmac de Gespeg and the Micmacs of Gesgapegiag. However, when CARTEM NAUPMÉRO
we refer to individuals, the culture, the people, the language or 0001
other specificities, we use the term Mi’gmaq, in accordance with
common usage in Mi’gma’gi, the territory occupied by the
Mi’gmaq of Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Listuguj, as adopted by
the Mi’gmawei Mawiomi Secretariat (MMS) Tribal Council.

3
ATLAS OF MARINE ST. LAWRENCE MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET SITES AND THEIR USES BY THE GESGAPEGIAG, GESPEG AND VIGER COMMUNITIES
THE MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET COMMUNITIES AND THE MARINE ST. LAWRENCE
Since time immemorial, the Mi’gmaq and Maliseet peoples band council, have participated in the management of the
have inhabited the shoreline and coastal regions of the sport fishery on Rivière Cascapédia for a number of years.
Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. These nations lived in The place name Cascapédia is derived from a Mi’gmaq
close contact with nature and had their own resource word meaning «strong currents» or «large river». Today,
management system. Their knowledge of animals and the Mi’gmaq fish harvesters of Gesgapegiag are involved
plants was handed down from one generation to the next in the commercial fishing of several species, including
by oral tradition. northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis), lobster, snow crab
(Chionoecetes opilio) and some groundfish species.
Although the Micmacs of Gesgapegiag, the Nation Micmac
de Gespeg, and the Maliseet of Viger share the waters along According to available sources, it was during the sixteenth
the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, these communities century that the Mi’gmaq settled permanently on Gaspe
are each distinct due to their geographical locations, their Bay, forming the Nation Micmac de Gespeg, as designated
socio-economic situations, their cultural singularity and by the band council. By around 1675, they had maintained
their language. ties with European fishermen for several decades at
their village of Gespeg, meaning «land’s end». Today, the
The Mi’gmaq people have occupied the Mi’gma’gi territory, Mi’gmaq fish harvesters of Gespeg are involved in the
including the Maritimes and the Gaspé Peninsula, for commercial fishing of several species, including northern
thousands of years. Traditionally, the Mi’gmaq lived a semi- shrimp, lobster, snow crab, some species of groundfish and
nomadic lifestyle, depending mainly on fishing and on sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa).
hunting marine and terrestrial mammals during the summer
as well as game during the winter. The Mi’gmaq adapted The Maliseet people, calling themselves Wolastogiyik,
ingeniously to deep sea fishing activities (Clermont 1986) which means «people of the beautiful river», originate from
and notably developed the art of building bark canoes the valleys of the St. John River and its tributaries, located
intended for this kind of fishing (Marshall 1986). Salmon at the border between the current provinces of Quebec
fishing is also an integral part of the Mi’gmaq culture. and New Brunswick, and also from the state of Maine in the
United States. The Maliseet were a nomadic people who
The many species of fish that have been documented as largely depended on hunting and fishing (Erickson 1978),
part of their catch notably include the Atlantic salmon but also possibly cultivated corn (Chalifoux et al. 1998).
(Salmo salar), Atlantic rainbow smelt (Osmerus murdax), The species fished often included whitefish (Coregonus
Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus), clupeaformis), lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and
striped bass (Morone saxatilis), American eel (Anguilla brook trout (Chalifoux et al. 1998). In the wake of numerous
rostrata), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Atlantic conflicts in New England beginning in 1675, the Maliseet
herring (Clupea harengus), mackerel (Scomber scombus), were encouraged to migrate increasingly farther north,
haddock (Melanogrammus aiglefinus), Atlantic tomcod to the St. John River valley and to the valley of the
(Microgadus tomcod), alewife (Alosa pseudo-harengus, St. Lawrence (Erickson 1978). Despite settlement attempts
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Atlantic halibut by the Government of Canada – with the Viger Reserve
(Hippoglossus hippoglossus) (Passchier 1985, Clermont being established in 1827 (it was deeded back in 1869 in
1986). Marine mammals, including the harbour porpoise response to pressure from European settlers interested by
(Phocoena phocoena), beluga (Delphinapterus leucas), its fertile land), followed by the Whithworth Reserve in 1876
harp seal (Phoca groënlandica), grey seal (Halychoerus and finally, that of Cacouna in 1891 – the Maliseet resisted
grypus), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) and Atlantic walrus the sedentary way of life and today, none live permanently
(Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus), were also hunted and on any of these reserves. Nowadays, the Maliseet of Viger
crustaceans like the lobster (Homarus americanus) and are involved in the commercial fishery of several species,
snow crab as well as molluscs such as scallops and clams including northern shrimp, snow crab, certain species
were harvested too according to texts written in the of groundfish, green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus
17th century (Passchier 1985, Clermont 1986). droebachiensis) and sea cucumber. They also own a snow
crab processing plant in Rimouski.
The Gesgapegiag Mi’gmaq, officially the Micmacs of
Gesgapegiag, according to the spelling used by their
REFERENCES:
Chalifoux, É., A. L. Burke et C. Chapdelaine (1998) La préhistoire du Témiscouata, occupations amérindiennes
dans la haute vallée de Wolastokuk. Paléo-Québec no. 26, Recherches amérindiennes au Québec, Montréal, 155 p.
Clermont, N. (1986) L’adaptation maritime au pays des Micmacs. Recherches amérindiennes au Québec (éd.), vol. 5 :
Les Micmacs et la mer, Montréal, pp. 11-28.
Erickson, V. O. (1978) Maliseet-Passamaquoddy. Bruce G. Trigger (éd.), Northeast, vol. 15 :
Handbook of North American Indians, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. p. 123-136.
Marshall, I. (1986) Le canot de haute mer des Micmacs. Recherches amérindiennes au Québec (éd.), vol. 5 :
Les Micmacs et la mer, Montréal, pp. 29-48.
Passchier, F. (1985) Le système économique micmac, perspective ethnohistorique au XVIIe siècle.
Paléo-Québec no. 17, Montréal, 137 p.
4
ATLAS OF MARINE ST. LAWRENCE MI’GMAQ AND MALISEET SITES AND THEIR USES BY THE GESGAPEGIAG, GESPEG AND VIGER COMMUNITIES
PRESENTATION OF THE ATLAS
This Atlas of marine St. Lawrence Mi’gmaq and Maliseet sites and
their uses by the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Viger communities
contains 32 maps, divided into two main sections: the first, a portrait
of the communities’ commercial fishing and other commercial
activities and the second, a portrait of the ecological knowledge of
the species and the marine and coastal sites held in common by the
communities. Here are some of the particularities of this Atlas
• The method, explaining when necessary how the data were
processed and the provenance of the data used for the
cartography, has been documented for both sections of the
Atlas.
• Each map presented in the Atlas is accompanied by an
explanatory table providing pertinent information to facilitate
interpretation of the mapped data. References and the sources
of the data are also included in these tables and/or on the maps
themselves.
• Summary maps showing how each layer of geographic data has
been superimposed are presented at the end of each section of
the Atlas.
LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT
The portrait of the sites and their uses by the Mi’gmaq and Maliseet
of the marine St. Lawrence presented in this Atlas are far from
comprehensive; only already-existing and available data was
mapped when this Atlas was being prepared. Information about
recreational or traditional uses of the marine or coastal environments
is sometimes limited or missing, particularly for the sectors where
the communities fish for recreational rainbow smelt (Osmerus
mordax), or hunt waterfowl, to name just these two examples. In
the short or medium term, the members of the three communities
would have to be surveyed again about their various uses of the
marine environments in order to expand and update this reference
document.
WARNING
The data presented in this Atlas do not in any way replace
consultations or dialogue with Aboriginal communities nor can
they in any case replace them (as indicated on each of the included
maps). In addition, the use of data presented in this Atlas alone
cannot be construed as a meaningful consultation with MMAFMA’s
three member communities.
ACCESS TO THE ATLAS AND ITS DATA
• The Atlas of marine St. Lawrence Mi’gmaq and Maliseet sites and
their uses by the Gesgapegiag, Gespeg and Viger communities
is available on line at the MMAFMA website at www.aghamm.ca.
• Some data contained in the Atlas are also available on the
St. Lawrence Global Observatory (SLGO) website at
https://ogsl.ca, thanks to a partnership between MMAFMA
and the observatory. The mission of SLGO is To promote
the sharing and pooling of scientific information on the
St. Lawrence ecosystem.
5
SECTION 1
PORTAIT OF THE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES
PORTAIT OF THE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES AND OTHER COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE GESGAPEGIAG, GESPEG AND VIGER COMMUNITIES FROM 2010 TO 2015
METHOD USED TO CREATE THE MAPS
• The following series of maps (2 to 24, except for Map 22) was
generated using ArcGis 10.2 (ESRI) software; the available data
for the commercial fisheries activities of the three Aboriginal
communities for the period from 2010 to 2015 was obtained from
the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). The 2016
data could not be incorporated into the analysis because they were
not yet available when this Atlas was produced. The maps included
in this commercial fisheries portrait were validated by the managers
in charge of fisheries for each of the three communities.
For certain species commercially fished in small areas, such as the
waved whelk, sea cucumber, rock crab, Atlantic halibut and green
sea urchin, the maps in this Atlas illustrate the locations of small
harvesting sectors. They were drawn using the coordinates for the
places where the related fishing events began and ended.
As for the northern shrimp, snow crab and Greenland halibut
fisheries, which take place within larger stretches of the St. Lawrence
River and its estuary and gulf as well as in Chaleur Bay, the maps in
the Atlas illustrate the volume harvested in kilograms (kg) per single
fishing quadrangle. This geographical unit used by DFO, which
represents an area of approximately 18 km x 25 km, adequately
encompasses the area between the coordinates for the places where
the fishing events begin and end. It serves somewhat as a common
denominator for the various species and can be used to compare
the locations of the fishing grounds and the volumes harvested for
the three communities.
Finally, the volumes of lobster harvested were not mapped since
most of the coordinates were either missing or wrong and there
were also errors in the volumes harvested (kg). Instead, the maps
show the locations of this fishery, which were estimated taking into
consideration lobster fishing areas and bathymetry (< 20 m).
It is important to point out that the total value of catches was
estimated by taking into consideration the average annual price
paid for each individual species; these figures were also obtained
from DFO.
At the end of this section there are two summary maps, 23 and 24.
The first map, an overlay, shows all the sectors harvested by the
three communities, layered one over the other (small sectors and
fishing quadrangles), taking into account the species fished. The
result is a spatial compilation of the number of species fished by
the three communities from 2010 to 2015. The second map presents
the outcome of a calculation of point density, and illustrates how
intensely the marine environment was used by the three communities
from 2010 to 2015, all species taken together. To this end, the small
harvested sectors and the fishing quadrangles (polygons) were
converted into a grid with equidistant points (500 m apart), then a
“heat map” function in the QGIS 2.14 program was used to illustrate in
raster form the density of the points (little overlay vs. much overlay).
• As for Map 22, it shows the locations of the aquaculture sites leased
by MMAFMA for the production of seaweed, (microalgae), as
part of a project called SALAWEG. The polygons representing
the aquaculture sites were drawn using geographical
coordinates obtained from MAPAQ. This map was
generated using ArcGis 10.2 (ESRI).
6
PORTRAIT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES - SNOW CRAB FISHERY
r
Fermont r
Fermont Pêches commerciales /
Pêches commerciales /
Commercial Fisheries
Commercial Fisheries
Snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, is a subarctic crustacean that prefers
Crabe des Neiges / Snow Crab
muddy bottoms as its habitat (DFO, 2015). The largest specimens Crabe des Neiges / Snow Crab
tend to be found at depths of between 50 and 300 m, where the N
wcraatbe,r l itkeem lpobersatetur,r em oosucltilsla pteesr iboedticwaelleyn a -n1 da nitds 1s1 h°eCll (rDeFmOa,i n2s0 1s5o)f.t S fnoor wa 52° 52° N 1133 ZcZrooannbeee dddeee spp êênccehhigeee aasuu
crabe des neiges
period of 8 to 10 months (DFO, 2016). During this time, it is called Snow Crab
Snow Crab
soft-shell crab or white crab. Fishing Area
Fishing Area
13
13
Québec Quantité capturée (Kg)
THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY Québec Quantité capturée (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
The commercial snow crab fishery on Canada’s east coast began in
the 1960s, as dredge bycatch during the groundfish fishery being 0 - 49 999
0 - 49 999
conducted near Gaspé. It expanded rapidly beginning in the 1980s
50 000 - 99 999
(DFO, 2015). Its management is based on quotas and fishing effort 1144 50 000 - 99 999
limits. In the past, most of the crab landed was caught in inshore 100 000 - 199 999
100 000 - 199 999
fishing areas; today, it comes primarily from fishing areas farther off
200 000 - 299 999
shore, according to DFO (2015). There are 17 snow crab fishing areas Sept-Îles 200 000 - 299 999
in Québec waters. Sept-Îles 1155 300 000 - 400 000
300 000 - 400 000
Port-Cartier
N Port-Cartier
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12C
types of traps. 12C
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17 Matane Approximate scale
Forestville 17 1:4,000,000
Forestville 1:4,000,000
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Rimouski Amqui Grande-Rivière
RDrDSetEFFs. FOOeLaEa rwR((cJ2Erhue0N-nnr1Ce6ecc )Ee h2 S(Ae0:Ars1cr5seh)ea essS/s fmn1i2soe,h w1ne9 tr, ic e1or2safE- bp s.ae nncRodhew et12rr iiFeecv)rsa e/abmdn da(in nCaa dhgFivoeeicndbeo-rg uefoaecrrreey tt/ ehs2sen 0 o2o1w70p 1-i6lfniro eof)iimsg hei ne-w erytnw.h .Dpweh F.bpsOio.o uC.gtachn.ec.r aSn/c sicG. iAuenldfc veois/f. 48° N48° N CCNNlleeoorrttrrmmeeoo--DDSnnaatta))mmineet-PP--PddRRauuEEsTT--LLMMcrrooaaaIIiiÈÈcclssTTRR--PPééEEmmii ssDDNNttiissooééAARccllggTTeeioomeeIIssOOuulliioaasNsNutt aasMM--kAAssiuuLLrrÉÉ--llCCeeII--TTLLEEaaA ccDDmEEq uVViIIGGEERRMMCCIIaaCCmmMMppAAbbCCeeSSll))ll ttOOooBBBBnnFFRNRNaa aaGGieieiicctthhwweeEEhhuuSSmmrdrdGGssooeettAAnnssPPddEECCGGhh IIaaAAlleeGGuurrssCChhGaarnnaddnlldeeerr-R1122ivièreSSaaGGiinnoottl-l-ffLLeeaa dduuuurree nntt MMÎÎlleeaassdd--eeddlleeee--iillnnaaee-- 1122FF TTeeLLrrrraaeebb--eerrNNttaa--eedduuoovvrree-- -S PPDL PS PPDL P a aForrrorrree oooooo s souurr jddjddntnt nrere cuucuuiuiu dccèè eecicipp tt ttrr iidse se eded o opp ::edd a a n naamm tt : :cbrbree iiLLLLayy:s:s ::aaaar::AeAe tJJmmmmMMe GGààaa/bbbbMM HnHnBjjeeeeoouuAAAAarrrruuaattttFMFMs r rrrCcCc::eMyMy MMooJJ ooM22AAnnaann00iinnafqfq11oovvpuu77rrii eeeemm: r rcca a 22ooll 00nnCC11ffoooo77nnrrmmiiccee,, ,,NN NNAAAADDDD88883333
Scoelcle. cStcioi.n As/dcvoisll.e cRteiopn. _22001616//0m10p oR-edtfroie/vFesd7 0in-6 F-2e0b1r6u-a0r1y0 -2e0n1g7 .pfrdofm. http://publications.gc.ca/ LLaa PPSooacciaantttii-èèPrraeescal EEddmmuunnddssttoonn 1122 - - MMDFooPPnnOOdn é((d22ee00s 11c da66er))t epee/êtt B//c haaaenns/dde F NNMisRRahpCCe raa:i enns (( 22D00a11ta66 )):
19 - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) pêche/ Fisheries Data :
19 MPO (2016)

Saint-Pamphile
Saint-Pamphile
26
26
25
Nouveau-Brunswick 25
Nouveau-Brunswick
ÉÉttaattss--UUnniiss ÎÎllee--dduu-- 1188
PPrriinnccee--ÉÉddoouuaarrdd NNoouuvveellllee--ÉÉccoossssee
N A v e r t i s s e m e n t : les données présentées ne doivent pas servir
46° 46° N dc cd AD ooe e vi msm es s c rummu lt bab i uu ssis nmn s tt iiaa ett e uuuu m r tttt : éé eààt ssh n ll..e aat : dlcceoaosntn adss ouusnlhlttaanottéwiiooennns a eeprttre éaa nsuueo ddnt iittaaéolle oobsgge uun ueees aadevvodeei vacces lln eeatss pas servir
s D u i rs r c o l ga ai m t e e f ro : rt hceo ndsautlata stihoonw ann adr dei anlootg tuoe b we ituhs ethde a cso am munities.
surrogate for consultation and dialogue with the communities.
70° O 65° O 60° O
70° O 65° O 60° O
TOTAL VOLUME OF SNOW CRAB HARVESTED (KG)
MALISEET OF VIGER FIRST NATION
2010-2015
CARTEM NAUPMÉRO
0002

7
Photo : Percy Jerome
PORTRAIT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES - SNOW CRAB FISHERY
r
r
Pêches commerciales /
Pêches commerciales /
Commercial Fisheries
Commercial Fisheries
THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY BY COMMUNITY
Crabe des Neiges / Snow Crab
Crabe des Neiges / Snow Crab
As for the community of Gesgapegiag, it harvested snow crab in
Aprreesae 1n2t,e ldo cbayte fdis ihni ntgh eq Guaudlfr aonf gSlte. L(Mawarpe n#c e3.) T vhaer iveodl ufmroems h5a3r5v eksgte tdo, 52° N52° N ZZoonnee ddee ppêêcchhee aauu
crabe des neiges
353,000 kg for the six years, for a total value of $4.7 million. The crabe des neiges
Snow Crab
sectors where the largest volumes of this crustacean were harvested Snow Crab
Fishing Area
lie within the American Bank Area of Interest some twenty kilometres Fishing Area
east of the Gaspé Peninsula.
Québec 13 Quantité capturée (Kg)
Québec 13 Quantité capturée (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
0 - 49 999
0 - 49 999
50 000 - 99 999
50 000 - 99 999
14
14 100 000 - 199 999
100 000 - 199 999
200 000 - 299 999
200 000 - 299 999
SSeepptt--ÎÎlleess 1155 330000 000000 -- 440000 000000
N
50° 50° N PPoorrtt--CCaarrttiieerr 1166
12C
16A 12C
ÎÎllee dd''AAnnttiiccoossttii 16A
BBaaiiee--CCoommFFeelleeaauuuuvv ee11 77SSMMaaiiaanntttt--aaLLnnaaeeuu rr ee CCnnttaapp--CChhaatt MMuurrddoocchhvviillllee GG11aa22ss))AAppéé NNAATTIIOONN MMIICCMMAACC DDEE GGEESSPPEEGG 1122BB ÉÉ00ccAAhhppeeppll22ll1rree00oo: 4aaxx,iipp0mm44pp000aarr0ootte,exx0 iism0smcc0aaaattlliieevv8800eekk//mm
Forestville 1:4,000,000
Forestville 12E
Mont-Joli Percé 12E
RRiimmooMuussokkniit-Joli AAmmqquuii )) GGrraaCCnnddhheeaa--nnRRddiillvveeiirrèèrrPeeercé 1122 TTeerrrree--eeNNtt--eeuuvvee-- DL DLaaeessrrntnt iuiuèèpprreded a ammtteeiiss ::ee JJ ààaa nnjjoouuuuaarrrr::yy JJ 22aa00nn11vv77iieerr 22001177
48° N48° N TTrrooiiss--PPii))ssttoolleessPPRREEMMIIÈÈRREE NNAATTIIOONN MMAALLÉÉCCCCIIaTaTmEmE pDpDbbEEee C CVVllllaatItIGGoommnnEEppRRbbeellllttoonn BBaaiieeddMMeeIICCssMMCCAACChhSSaall OOee uuFFrr ssGGEESSGGAAPPEEGGIIAAGG 1122FF LLaabbrraaddoorr PPPPP P rrrrrr oooooo jddjdd ee uuuu cc cici tttt iie e oopp dd nnaa ::brbr LLLyy:: aaa::AA mmmMMGGbbbMMHHeeeAAAArrrtttFMFM CccMMMMoooAAnnniifqqouureem ccaool nnCffooonrrmmicee, ,,N NNAAADDD888333
Golfe du Îles-de-la- Lambert Conformal Conic, NAD83
Dégelis BBaatthhuurrsstt SSaaGiinnott-l-fLLeaa duuurree nntt MMÎleaasdd-eedlleee-iilnnaee- -SS Fooouunrrccdee dss::e carte/ Base Map :
Dégelis - MFoPnOd (d2e0 1ca6r)t ee/t B/aansde N MRaCpa :n (2016)
MPO (2016) et /and NRCan (2016)
Edmundston - Données de pêche/ Fisheries Data :
Edmundston 1122 19 - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) pêche/ Fisheries Data :
19 MPO (2016)

26
26
Nouveau-Brunswick
Nouveau-Brunswick 25
25
ÉÉttaattss--UUnniiss PPrriinnccÎÎleleee----ÉÉdddduuoo--uuaarrdd 1188 NNoouuvveellllee--ÉÉccoossssee
N A v e r t i s s e m e n t : les données présentées ne doivent pas servir
46° 46° N dc cd AD ooe e vi msm es s c rummu lt bab i uu ssis nmn s tt iiaa ett e uuuu m r tttt : éé eààt ssh n ll..e aat : dlcceoaosntn adss ouusnlhlttaanottéwiiooennns a eeprttre éaa nsuueo ddnt iittaaéolle oobsgge uun ueees aadevvodeei vacces lln eeatss pas servir
s D u i rs r c o l ga ai m t e e f ro : rt hceo ndsautlata stihoonw ann adr dei anlootg tuoe b we ituhs ethde a cso am munities.
surrogate for consultation and dialogue with the communities.
70° O 65° O 60° O
70° O 65° O 60° O
TOTAL VOLUME OF SNOW CRAB HARVESTED (KG)
MICMACS OF GESGAPEGIAG
CARTEM NAUPMÉRO 2010-2015
0003
8
PORTRAIT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES - SNOW CRAB FISHERY
r
Fermont r
Fermont Pêches commerciales /
Pêches commerciales /
Commercial Fisheries
Commercial Fisheries
THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY BY COMMUNITY
Crabe des neiges / Snow Crab
Crabe des neiges / Snow Crab
As for the Nation Micmac de Gespeg, it harvested snow crab in Areas
1(2M aanpd 4 1)2 vAa.r iTehde f rvoomlu m74e0s khga rtvoe 1s6te2d,0, 0p0re ksegn ftoerd t hbey sfiixs hyienagr sq, ufoadr ara tnogtlael 52° N52° N ZZoonnee ddee ppêêcchhee aauu
crabe des neiges
value of $9.4 million. crabe des neiges
Snow Crab
Snow Crab
Fishing Area
Fishing Area
Québec 13 Quantité capturée (Kg)
Québec 13 Quantité capturée (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
Amount Harvested (Kg)
0 - 49 999
0 - 49 999
50 000 - 99 999
50 000 - 99 999
14
14 100 000 - 199 999
100 000 - 199 999
200 000 - 299 999
200 000 - 299 999
Sept-Îles
Sept-Îles 15 300 000 - 400 000
15 300 000 - 400 000
50° N50° N PPoorrtt--CCaarrttiieerr 1166
12C
16A 12C
ÎÎllee dd''AAnnttiiccoossttii 16A
FFoorreessttvviillllee 11BB77aaiiFFeell--eeCCuuoovvmmee eeSSMMaaaaiiuuaannttttaa--LnLneeaa uu rr ee nnttCCaapp--CChhaatt MMuurrddoocchh11vv22iill))AAllee GGNNaaAAssTTppIIOOééNN MMIICCMMAACC DDEE GGEESSPPEEGG 1122BB ÉÉ00ccAAhhppeeppll22ll11rree00oo:: 44aaxx,,iipp00mm44pp0000aarr00ootte,e,xx00 iism0sm0cc00aaaattlliieevv8800eekk//mm
Percé
Mont-Joli Percé 12E
Mont-Joli 12E
RRiimmoouusskkii AAmmqquuii MICMACS OF GESGAPEGIAG CChhaannddlleerr TTeerrrree--NNeeuuvvee-- Dernière mise à jour: Janvier 2017
N TTrrooiiss--PPiissttoolleess MCICamMApbCeS))l lOtoFnNN GeeEwwS RRGiiAccPhhEmmGooInnAddG 1122 LLaabbeerrttaa--ddoorr PL PDL Paarrreooossrdddtnt uuuuiuèciippttre dedppda aaam ttbrree iy::s :::AAe JJM GGàaaM HnHnjouuAAAuaaFMMrrr:Myy MMJ 22Aa00n11v77ier 2017
48° 48° N ))PPRREEMMIIÈÈRREE NNAATTIIOONN MMAALLÉÉCCIITTEE DDEE VVIIGGEERRCampbellton 1122FF PPP rrr ooo jjd ee u cc c tt iie oo d nn ::b LLLyaaa: mmmMbbbMeeeArrrtttF CccMoooAnnniifqqouureem ccaool nnCffooonrrmmicee, ,,N NNAAADDD888333
CClleerrmmoonntt Golfe du Îles-de-la- Lambert Conformal Conic, NAD83
Golfe du Îles-de-la-
SSaaiinntt--PPaassccaall DDééggeelliiss BBaatthhuurrsstt SSaaiinntt--LLaauurreenntt MMaaddeelleeiinnee -SS Fooouunrrccdee dss::e carte/ Base Map :
La Pocatière Edmundston - MFoPnOd (d2e0 1ca6r)t ee/t B/ aansde NMRapC a: n (2016)
La Pocatière Edmundston - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) peêt /c haen/d F NisRhCeraiens ( 2D0a1ta6 ):
1122 19 - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) pêche/ Fisheries Data :
19 MPO (2016)

Saint-Pamphile
Saint-Pamphile
26
26
Nouveau-Brunswick
Nouveau-Brunswick 25
25
ÉÉttaattss--UUnniiss PPrriinnccÎÎleleee----ÉÉdddduuoo--uuaarrdd 1188 NNoouuvveellllee--ÉÉccoossssee
N A v e r t i s s e m e n t : les données présentées ne doivent pas servir
46° 46° N dc cd AD ooe e vi msm es s c rummu lt bab i uu ssis nmn s tt iiaa ett e uuuu m r tttt : éé eààt ssh n ll..e aat : dlcceoaosntn adss ouusnlhlttaanottéwiiooennns a eeprttre éaa nsuueo ddnt iittaaéolle oobsgge uun ueees aadevvodeei vacces lln eeatss pas servir
s D u i rs r c o l ga ai m t e e f ro : rt hceo ndsautlata stihoonw ann adr dei anlootg tuoe b we ituhs ethde a cso am munities.
surrogate for consultation and dialogue with the communities.
70° O 65° O 60° O
70° O 65° O 60° O
TOTAL VOLUME OF SNOW CRAB HARVESTED (KG)
NATION MICMAC DE GESPEG
CARTEM NAUPMÉRO 2010-2015
0004

9
Photo : Marven Condo Jr
PORTRAIT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES - ROCK CRAB FISHERY
r
Fermont r Pêches commerciales /
Fermont Pêches commerciales /
Commercial Fisheries
Commercial Fisheries
Rock crab, Cancer irroratus, is a decapod crustacean present along
Crabe commun / Rock Crab
the Atlantic Coast. It is a key species in the marine ecosystem and Crabe commun / Rock Crab
an important prey, particularly for lobster. As the rock crab grows, N
istp mecoieuslt tse npdesri otod bicea lclyo,n dcuernitnrga twedh iinch s htaimlloew i tw laotseers; init sG acsapraép Paecnei.n Tsuhlias 52° 52° N ZcZrooannbeee ddceeo mppêêmccuhhnee aauu
crabe commun
waters, it inhabits the intertidal zone to depths of about 40 m Rock Crab Fishing Area
Rock Crab Fishing Area
(DFO, 2013). Zone pêchée par
Zone pêchée par
les communautés
les communautés
Québec Area Fished by
THE COMMERCIAL FISHERY Québec Area Fished by
the communities
the communities
The commercial rock crab fishery in Québec is fairly recent since it
only really became established in the 1990s; it first began south of
the Gaspé Peninsula. This species is harvested by means of traps
and only the males are taken. It begins after the lobster fishery on 16G
16G
the Gaspé Peninsula and Magdalen Islands. The rock crab fishery
in Québec is divided into some fifty fishing areas, two of which
are harvested by two communities (Map 5). Moreover, rock crab
is often used as bait for the lobster fishery and is also the most Sept-Îles 16C 16D
abundant lobster fishery bycatch (in weight), according to 2012 data N Sept-Îles 16C 16D
(reDcFoOrd 2e0d1.3 H).o Awlesove ar,c tchoerrdein agr et on oD FpOre, crioscek d cartaab o bny tchaet cvho ltuhmate i su sseodld a iss 50° 50° N PPoorrtt--CCaarrttiieerr16B 1166EE11 16E2
16B
16E2
bait for the lobster fishery (DFO, 2013).
RGixRnieEe ts+nFhD dEe8orR o5ccEno sNp,-a DL.Cs t.oRE aac:eln Rtwdreia ceStvheae/rv2dsa 0 roid1nf3 , /QGF2ue.0 éb(12b3r0ue_ac103r 5iy)n7 A -22es00ns11eg72s. ,hs fDtmrmoFemlOn. t C woawfn Rw. oS.dccfkio. -cAmrdapvboi s(.g.C Sca.enccac.e/ Scr sciari.rs oR-sreacstc.u sDs/)oP scut.b o2lci0cka1 3sti/toa0nt5us7/s. BBaaiiee--CCoommeeaauu1166AA FFllee uu vv ee11 77SSCCaaiinntt--LL aa11uu22rDrDee11nntt 1122DD331122DD))4411112222DDDD5566 1166FFÎÎllee dd''AAnnttiiccoossttii É00chel22le00 ap44p00roximativ8800ekk/mm
11S77aBBinte-AnNNnAAeTT-IIdOOeNNs -MMMIICCoMnMtAAsCC DDEE GGEESSPPEEGG ))1211E22DD77 ÉcAAhppeppllrreoo axxiipmmpaarotteex issmccaaatllieeve/
MatanSeainte-Anne-des-Monts 12E 1:4,000,000
Forestville Matane 12H12F 1:4,000,000
Forestville 17A 12H12F
17MAont-Joli 12J 12G Terre-Neuve-
48° N8° N TT))rrooiiss--PPiissttoolleeRRssiimmoouussMkkiionMMt-IIJCCoMMliAAAACCmmSS qqOOuuFFii GGCEEaSSmGGpAAbPPeEElGGltoIIAAnGG1122ZZ))11221YY2X1122WW1111222211RRTT22UU1111222211SQSQ22OO1122111MM222KKJ1122II12G 1122CC11 TeLLrraaebb-eerrNttaa--edduoovrre- PPDL PPDL Paarrrrreeooooossrrjddddntnte uuuuiuiucèècicipptttrrie e ededoppdd a anaamm tt:brbree iiLyy:s:s ::a::AeAe JJmMM GGààaabMM HnHnjjeoouuAAAAruuaatFMFM rrrrc::MyMy MMoJJ 22AAnaa00innq11vvu77iieee rrc 22o00n11fo77rme, NAD83
4 Campbellton 12X P r o j e c t i o n : LLaammbbeerrtt Ccoonnifqourem caol nCfoonrmice, ,N NAADD8833
CPPlRRerEEmMMoIIÈÈnRRtEE NNAATTIIOONN MMAALLÉÉCCIITTEE DDEE VVIIGGEERR Bathurst 2233 Golfe du 1122CCMMÎÎlleeaassdd--eeddlleeee--iillnnaaee-- S o u r c e s : Lambert Conformal Conic, NAD83
CSaleinrmt-Ponatscal Dégelis Bathurst SSaaGiinnott-l-fLLeaa duuurree nntt 1122AA 1122BB --S MFFooouPnnrOcdde (dds2:ee0 1ccaa6rr)tt eee//t BB/ aaanssdee NMMRaappC a:: n (2016)
Saint-Pascal Dégelis - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) peêt /c haen/d F NisRhCeraiens ( 2D0a1ta6 ):
La Pocatière Edmundston - MDoPnOn é(2e0s1 d6e) pêche/ Fisheries Data :
La Pocatière Edmundston MPO (2016)
27
27
24
Saint-Pamphile 24
Saint-Pamphile
Nouveau-Brunswick
Nouveau-Brunswick 26B
États-Unis 25 Île-du- 26B
États-Unis 25 PrincÎele--Édduo-uard Nouvelle-Écosse
Prince-Édouard Nouvelle-Écosse
26A
26A
N A v e r t i s s e m e n t : les données présentées ne doivent pas servir
46° 46° N dc cd AD ooe e vi msm es s c rummu lt bab i uu ssis nmn s tt iiaa ett e uuuu m r tttt : éé eààt ssh n ll..e aat : dlcceoaosntn adss ouusnlhlttaanottéwiiooennns a eeprttre éaa nsuueo ddnt iittaaéolle oobsgge uun ueees aadevvodeei vacces lln eeatss pas servir
s D u i rs r c o l ga ai m t e e f ro : rt hceo ndsautlata stihoonw ann adr dei anlootg tuoe b we ituhs ethde a cso am munities.
surrogate for consultation and dialogue with the communities.
70° O 65° O 60° O
70° O 65° O 60° O
COMMERCIAL ROCK CRAB FISHING AREAS
2010-2015
CARTEM NAUPMÉRO
0005
10