F Atlas of Injection Therapy i s c h e r in Pain Management A highly eff ective, low-risk pain management therapy to include in your patient services Atlas of Injection Therapy in Pain Management provides a practical, step-by-step A Juergen Fischer t approach that will allow physicians, including those without extensive prior experience, l a to manage pain through the injection of local anesthetics. Its clear, symptom-oriented s format and detailed directions show how to recognize clinically recurring pain patterns, o f administer the correct treatment, and manage pain syndromes successfully. I n j e Special Features: c t • Precise instructions for implementing injection techniques safely and effi ciently— i o even for more complex pain such as headache and in the shoulder n • Nearly 100 clear anatomic illustrations that use a simple color key to demonstrate T h injection points and areas of pain distribution—an ideal visual learning aid e • Concise descriptions of indications; diff erential diagnoses; materials and r a techniques; insertion points, direction and depth; possible risks and side eff ects; p y and concomitant therapies for pain treatment i • A straightforward double-page format with text on one side and anatomic n drawings on the facing page for easy mastery of techniques P a i n For all busy clinicians whose aim is to relieve pain quickly and eff ectively—and add M a valuable, cost-eff ective service to their practice—this atlas-style teaching reference a is essential. Orthopedists, sports medicine physicians, physical therapists, and n a practitioners of manual medicine will fi nd a wealth of information and a “roadmap” g of techniques that can be seamlessly integrated into everyday practice. e m e Juergen Fischer, MD, is Professor and Specialist in Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, n Orthopedic Center Luisenplatz, Darmstadt, Germany. t An award-winning international medical and scientifi c publisher, Thieme has demonstrated its commitment to the highest standard of quality in the state-of-the-art content and presentation of all of its products. Thieme’s trademark blue and silver covers have become synonymous with excellence in publishing. ISBN 978-3-13-154301-1 www.thieme.com FFiisscchheerr__PPaaiinn--MMaannaaggeemm__115544330011 11 2222..0066..1111 1133::0000 Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei Atlas of Injection Therapy in Pain Management Juergen Fischer, MD Professor SpecialistinOrthopedicsandTraumaSurgery OrthopedicCenterLuisenplatz Darmstadt,Germany 95illustrations Thieme Stuttgart·NewYork Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei IV LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Importantnote:Medicineisanever-changingscience undergoingcontinualdevelopment.Researchandclini- Fischer,Jürgen,MD. cal experience are continually expanding our knowl- [SchmerztherapiemitLokalanästethika.English] edge,inparticularourknowledgeofpropertreatment Atlasofinjectiontherapyinpainmanagement:injec- and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any tiontechniquessimpleandsafe/JuergenFischer. dosageorapplication,readersmayrestassuredthatthe p.;cm. authors,editors,andpublishershavemadeeveryeffort Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. to ensure that such references are in accordance with ISBN978-3-13-154301-1(alk.paper) the state of knowledge at the time of production of 1.Injections,Intra-articular–Atlases.2.Joints–Diseases– thebook. Chemotherapy–Atlases.I.Title. Nevertheless,thisdoesnotinvolve,imply,orexpressany [DNLM: 1.Pain–drug therapy–Atlases. 2.Anesthetics, guaranteeorresponsibilityonthepartofthepublishers Local–therapeuticuse–Atlases.3.Injections–methods– inrespecttoanydosageinstructionsandformsofappli- Atlases.WL17] cations stated in the book. Every user is requested to RC925.5.F572011 examine carefully the manufacturers’ leaflets accom- 616'.0472–dc23 panyingeachdrugandtocheck,ifnecessaryinconsulta- 2011018960 tionwithaphysicianorspecialist,whether thedosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications statedbythemanufacturersdifferfromthestatements Thisbookisanauthorizedtranslationofthe madeinthepresentbook.Suchexaminationisparticu- 2ndGermaneditionpublishedandcopyrighted2010 larlyimportantwithdrugsthatareeitherrarelyusedor byGeorgThiemeVerlag,Stuttgart.TitleoftheGerman havebeennewlyreleasedonthemarket.Everydosage edition:SchmerztherapiemitLokalanästhetika. scheduleoreveryformofapplicationusedisentirelyat Injektionstechniken–einfachundsicher. theuser’sownriskandresponsibility.Theauthorsand publishersrequesteveryusertoreporttothepublish- ersanydiscrepanciesor inaccuraciesnoticed.Iferrors inthisworkarefoundafterpublication,erratawillbe Translator:RuthGutberlet,Cochem,Germany postedatwww.thieme.comontheproductdescription page. Illustrator:ChristineLackner,Ittlingen;PeterHaller, Stuttgart;HolgerVanselow,Stuttgart,Germany ©2012GeorgThiemeVerlag, Some of the product names, patents, and registered Rüdigerstrasse14,70469Stuttgart,Germany designs referred to in this book are in fact registered http://www.thieme.de trademarksorproprietarynameseventhoughspecific ThiemeNewYork,333SeventhAvenue, reference to this fact is not always made in the text. NewYork,NY10001,USA Therefore,theappearanceofanamewithoutdesigna- http://www.thieme.com tionasproprietaryisnottobeconstruedasarepresen- tationbythepublisherthatitisinthepublicdomain. Coverdesign:ThiemePublishingGroup TypesettingbySOMMERmediaGmbH&Co.KG, This book, including all parts thereof, is legally pro- Feuchtwangen,Germany tectedbycopyright.Anyuse,exploitation,orcommer- PrintedinChinabyEverbestPrintingCo,Ltd. cialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation, without the publisher’s consent, is illegal ISBN978-3-13-154301-1 123456 and liableto prosecution. This applies inparticular to photostatreproduction,copying,mimeographing, pre- paration of microfilms, and electronic data processing andstorage. Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei Dedicated to my children Kai and Nicole Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei VI Preface Painisthemostfrequentcauseforpatient–physi- patterns emerge. The typical clinical pain pattern cian contact. The patient expects rapid relief and allows exact assignment of a suitable injection freedom from pain. The more efficient the relief, treatment. themoresuccessfulthephysicianisfelttobe. In this book, physicians will find symptom- Besides elimination of pain-producing causes, oriented“cookbook-style”directions,whichprovide eliminationof pain itself is the ultimate ambition easy recognition and indication of the approach. oftherapy.Thisshouldtakeplacerapidly,withfew Both circumscribed pain of singular origin and sideeffects,simply,andatlittlecost. complex pain syndromes can be managed effec- Paintreatment through local anesthetics is one tivelyandrapidly. ofthemostefficientandfastest-actingpaintreat- Owingtothegreatnumberofdidacticalillustra- ment options. A prerequisite is knowledge of the tions,itispossibletoperforminjectiontreatments exact techniques and indications, as well as the withlittleprecedingexperience.Risksarediscern- risks. Injections are invasive procedures and ableinregardtotechniqueandlocationandcon- requirepreciseexecution.Painsymptomsandpat- comitant treatments are listed. This enables the terns encountered in daily practice are manifold practitionertoridthepatientofpaininafast,effi- andoftendifficulttoassociatecausally.Amongthe cient,andlow-riskmanner. various pain patterns that present themselves in daily practice, some typical, constantly recurring JuergenFischer Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei VII Contents 1 Introduction 2 PhysiologyofPainDevelopment ........ 2 EffectsofLocalAnesthetics ............ 6 TherapeuticPossibilities .............. 3 InjectionTechniques ................. 6 MethodsforApplicationofLocal SideEffectsandContraindications Anesthetics ......................... 3 ofTreatmentswithLocalAnesthetics .... 9 2 Head 12 ComplexPain ...................... 12 Temporalis...................... 22 Temporal/ParietalHeadache ........ 12 MasseterandMandibularJoint ...... 24 OccipitoparietalHeadache ......... 14 TreatmentthroughNerves............ 26 ParietalLock .................... 16 SupraorbitalNerve ............... 26 OccipitalHeadache ............... 18 InfraorbitalNerve ................ 28 PainintheRegionoftheEar ........ 20 TreatmentthroughtheSkin........... 30 TreatmentthroughMuscles,Tendons, “CrownofThorns” ................ 30 andLigaments ..................... 22 3 CervicalSpine 32 ComplexPain ...................... 32 RectusCapitisPosteriorMajor NonspecificNeckPain ............. 32 andMinor ...................... 42 InterspinousNeoarthrosis/Irritation TreatmentthroughNerves............ 44 oftheInterspinales ............... 34 GreaterandLesserOccipitalNerve ... 44 TreatmentthroughMuscles,Tendons, TreatmentthroughJoints ............. 46 andLigaments ..................... 36 CervicalVertebralJointsoftheC4–C6 LevatorScapulae ................. 36 Segments ....................... 46 Sternocleidomastoid .............. 38 Trapezius ....................... 40 4 UpperExtremities 48 ComplexPain ...................... 48 Supraspinatus ................... 60 AnteriorShoulderandSubacromial Infraspinatus .................... 62 Pain ........................... 48 BicepsBrachii ................... 64 PainintheAreaoftheCoracoidProcess 50 TricepsBrachii ................... 66 LateralEpicondylitis(TennisElbow) .. 52 Supinator ....................... 68 MedialEpicondylitis(Golfer’sElbow) . 54 TriggerFinger.................... 70 TherapythroughMuscles,Tendons, PainintheAreaoftheRadialStyloid andLigaments ..................... 56 Process ......................... 72 Deltoid ......................... 56 PainintheAreaoftheUlnarStyloid Process ......................... 74 Rhomboid ...................... 58 Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei VIII Contents TenosynovitisStenosans ........... 76 ElbowJoint(Humeroradial/ HumeroulnarJoint) ............... 84 TherapythroughNerves ............. 78 Wrist(RadiocarpalJoint) ........... 86 SuprascapularNerve .............. 78 RhizarthrosisandPainSyndromes MedianNerve ................... 80 oftheThumbSaddleJoint .......... 88 Intra-articularTherapy............... 82 ShoulderJoint(GlenohumeralJoint).. 82 5 ThoraxandAbdomen 90 ComplexPain ...................... 90 TherapythroughtheSkin ........... 102 Xiphoid–Sternum–ClavicleTriangle .. 90 DisordersoftheStomach InterscapularPain ................ 92 andtheDuodenum .............. 102 PancreaticPainSyndrome ......... 104 TherapythroughMuscles,Tendons, KidneysandUrinaryTract......... 106 andLigaments ..................... 94 OvariesandFallopianTubes ....... 108 PectoralisMajor.................. 94 Sternocostalis ................... 96 Dysmenorrhea .................. 110 RectusAbdominis ................ 98 LiverandGallbladderPain......... 112 TransversusAbdominis ........... 100 6 LumbarSpineandPelvis 114 ComplexPain ..................... 114 PainfulLongBackExtensors Lumbago ...................... 114 (Longissimus,Iliocostalis) ......... 122 PiriformisSyndrome ............. 116 TherapythroughNerves ............ 124 PeriarthritisCoxae............... 118 ObturatorNerve ................ 124 TherapythroughMuscles,Tendons, LateralFemoralCutaneousNerve ... 126 andLigaments .................... 120 TherapythroughJoints.............. 128 Adductors ..................... 120 LumbarVertebralJoints........... 128 7 LowerExtremities 130 ComplexPain ..................... 130 InfrapatellarNerve .............. 146 PatellofemoralPainSyndrome TarsalTunnelandTibialisPosterior (Runner’sKnee) ................. 130 Compartment .................. 148 GracilisandPesAnserinusPain InterdigitalNerve(MortonNeuroma) 150 Syndromes ..................... 132 CalcaneusPain .................. 152 TherapythroughMuscles,Tendons, TherapythroughtheSkin ........... 154 andLigaments .................... 134 KneeCircle..................... 154 BicepsFemoris.................. 134 MedialMeniscusPain ............ 156 QuadricepsFemoris .............. 136 LateralMeniscusPain ............ 158 TricepsSurae ................... 138 PainalongtheTibia .............. 160 Peronei........................ 140 TherapyandJointInjection .......... 162 MedialCollateralLigament ........ 142 HipJoint....................... 162 LateralCollateralLigament ........ 144 KneeJoint ..................... 164 TherapythroughNerves ............ 146 Thieme-Verlag SOMMERmedia Fischer.: WN026899/01/01 22.6.2011 FrauKurz Feuchtwangen AtlasofInjectionTherapy… TN154301 Fischer_Titelei Contents IX UpperAnkleJoint(Talocrural MetatarsalPhalangealJoint ........ 168 Articulation) ................... 166 8 MyofascialPainSyndromes 170 FrontoparietalDysfunctionSyndromes . 170 OccipitofrontalDysfunctionSyndromes 172 FurtherReading 174 Index 176
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