Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound PDF
Preview Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound
Bret P. Nelson Eric Topol Anjali Bhagra Sharon L. Mulvagh Jagat Narula Editors Atlas of HHHaaannndddhhheeelllddd UUUllltttrrraaasssooouuunnnddd 123 Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound Bret P. Nelson • Eric Topol Anjali Bhagra • Sharon L. Mulvagh Jagat Narula Editors Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound Editors Bret P. Nelson Eric Topol Department of Emergency Medicine Scripps Translational Science Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Scripps Research Institute New York, New York La Jolla, California USA USA Anjali Bhagra Sharon L. Mulvagh Department of Medicine Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic School of Medicine Dalhousie University Department of Medicine Rochester, Minnesota Halifax, Nova Scotia USA Canada Jagat Narula Department of Cardiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York USA Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com. ISBN 978-3-319-73853-6 ISBN 978-3-319-73855-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73855-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018939184 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Dedicated to the stethoscope on its retirement after 200 years of excellent service to the bedside cardiovascular examination Preface Tremendous strides in noninvasive diagnostic imaging have been made over decades in radiology, obstetrics, and cardiology. More recently, a revolution in bedside diagnosis has begun with the advent of point-of-care ultrasound. Now, clinicians can apply imaging to their own patients, in real time, to answer focused questions that will immediately impact their care. The most recent generation of inexpensive, handheld ultrasound devices has taken this a step further—we are now firmly within the era of ultrasound availability for providers of all specialties. Thus, we have created this Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound to demonstrate the power of even basic organ assessments across the entire body. Ultrasound is a force multiplier for the clinical assessment of patients, adding vital informa- tion to the history, physical examination, and other diagnostic testing available at the bedside. We hope the basic scan techniques and recognition of normal and pathologic states described here will inspire deliberate practice in improving the skill set of image acquisition and inter- pretation for an ever-growing number of providers. We believe that it is time to add ultrasound imaging as a fifth vital pillar to the bedside examination. From now on it must be Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation and INSONATION. vii Contents 1 Soft-Tissue Complaints .............................................. 1 Errel Khordipour and Ee Tay 2 Shoulder .......................................................... 5 Laura S. Greenlund 3 Elbow ............................................................ 11 Matthew Egan and David Spinner 4 Hip .............................................................. 15 Steve J. Wisniewski and Naveen S. Murthy 5 Knee ............................................................. 21 Matthew Egan and David Spinner 6 Ankle and Foot .................................................... 25 Jacob E. Voelkel and Tobias Kummer 7 Hand ............................................................. 31 Matthew Egan and David Spinner 8 Peripheral Nerves .................................................. 35 Matthew Egan and David Spinner 9 Skull and Sinus .................................................... 39 David M. Tierney, Terry K. Rosborough, and Catherine Erickson 10 Eye .............................................................. 45 Jennifer V. Huang and Apichaya Monsomboon 11 Neck ............................................................. 49 Benji K. Mathews and Oana Dickinson 12 Tonsils ............................................................ 53 Jennifer V. Huang and Kevin Hu 13 Thyroid ........................................................... 57 Stella S. Hahn and Mangala Narasimhan 14 Pleura ............................................................ 61 Brendan H. A. Milliner and James W. Tsung 15 Breast Ultrasound .................................................. 65 Sharon L. Mulvagh and Tara L. Anderson 16 Normal Cardiac Anatomy and Common Views .......................... 69 Edgar Argulian and Jagat Narula 17 Assessment of Cardiac Function ...................................... 75 Amer M. Johri ix x Contents 18 Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade .................................. 85 Edgar Argulian and Jagat Narula 19 Cardiac Masses .................................................... 91 Kyle W. Klarich and Kevin Ka Ho Kam 20 Valvular Heart Disease .............................................. 101 Edgar Argulian and Jagat Narula 21 Congenital Heart Disease ............................................ 105 William R. Miranda and Crystal R. Bonnichsen 22 Inferior Vena Cava ................................................. 113 Alaa M. Omar, Edgar Argulian, and Jagat Narula 23 Aorta ............................................................. 121 Peter C. Spittell, Anjali Bhagra, and Sharon L. Mulvagh 24 Peripheral Veins ................................................... 127 Stephen Alerhand 25 Peritoneum ........................................................ 131 Pimpa Limphan-udom 26 Gallbladder ....................................................... 135 Huidong Kang 27 Bowel ............................................................ 141 Errel Khordipour and Ee Tay 28 Kidneys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Stephen Alerhand 29 Urinary Bladder ................................................... 155 Hiroshi Sekiguchi 30 Uterus ............................................................ 159 Carlo Canepa and Lauren Ferrara 31 Ovary ............................................................ 163 Carlo Canepa and Lauren Ferrara 32 Scrotum, Testes, and Paratesticular Structures .......................... 165 Daniel J. Schnobrich and Bruce R. Gilbert 33 Prostate .......................................................... 173 Carlo Canepa and Eugene M. Fine 34 Evaluation of Shortness of Breath ..................................... 177 David Tierney and Anjali Bhagra 35 Evaluation of Chest Pain ............................................ 179 Sharon L. Mulvagh, Marko Balan, and Babar Haroon 36 Evaluation of Hypotension ........................................... 183 Phillip Andrus and Kevin Hu 37 Evaluation of Fever ................................................. 185 Gopal Narayanswami, Edgar Argulian, and Jagat Narula Contents xi 38 Evaluation of Abdominal Pain ........................................ 193 Marko Balan and Babar Haroon 39 Anuria Evaluation .................................................. 197 Kevin M. Piro and Renee K. Dversdal 40 Evaluation of Leg Pain and Swelling .................................. 203 Christopher Gelabert Index ................................................................. 207 Contributors Stephen Alerhand, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Tara L. Anderson, M.D. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Austin, MN, USA Phillip Andrus, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Edgar Argulian, M.D., M.P.H. Mount Sinai St. Luke’s Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Marko Balan, M.D., F.R.C.P.C. Department of Critical Care, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada Anjali Bhagra, M.D. Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Crystal R. Bonnichsen, M.D. Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Carlo Canepa, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Oana Dickinson, M.D. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA Department of Hospital Medicine, HealthPartners, St. Paul, MN, USA Renee K. Dversdal, M.D. Division of Hospital Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA Matthew Egan, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Catherine Erickson, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR, USA Lauren Ferrara, M.D. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Eugene M. Fine, M.D. Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Christopher Gelabert, M.D. Department of Emergency Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA Bruce R. Gilbert, M.D., Ph.D. The Smith Institute for Urology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, USA Laura S. Greenlund, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA xiii
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