Atlas of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology

709 Pages·2019·141.16 MB·English

by  Henryk A. Domanski

Atlas of Fine
Needle Aspiration
Cytology
Second Edition
Henryk A. Domanski
Editor
123
Atlas of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Henryk A. Domanski
Editor
Atlas of Fine Needle
Aspiration Cytology
Second Edition
Editor
Henryk A. Domanski
Department of Pathology
Skåne University Hospital
Lund
Sweden
ISBN 978-3-319-76979-0 ISBN 978-3-319-76980-6 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76980-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018954717
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is
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on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation,
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To my mother Romana Domańska with love and thanks
Preface to Second Edition
When we began work on the first edition of this atlas, we had hoped to put together a practical
atlas/handbook for pathologists, cytopathologists, and trainees in practice looking for a guide
in everyday work and diagnosis in cytopathology. As in the first edition, the purpose of this
volume is still to provide a practical and “bench-useful” guide for modern cytological diagno-
sis of surgical pathology. The second edition of the atlas is organized on the basis of the current
classifications used in surgical pathology and provides a comprehensive and well-illustrated
review of the FNAC diagnoses of the most common entities in the major organ systems.
Cytological criteria, differential diagnoses, and correlations between cytology and the diag-
nostic use of ancillary techniques applicable to FNAC are detailed on an entity-by-entity basis
in order to facilitate the diagnostic work-up in the FNA samples. The text of all chapters has
been updated and many illustrations have been improved. Some new co-authors have joined
our team and have made great contributions. Dr. Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska has revised and
updated Chap. 4, “Salivary Glands,” and added a new Chap. 6 specifically on the FNA of the
parathyroid. Drs. Matthew W. Rosenbaum and Martha B. Pitman have written a new Chap. 12,
“Pancreas” which replaced Chap. 11, “Pancreas” from the first edition. My dear daughter
Katarina Bartuma, who works as an ophthalmologist in Stockholm, has also helped us to
update Chap. 18, the “Orbit and Ocular Adnexa.”
Once again, we hope that the present volume will continue to assist surgical pathologists,
cytopathologists, and trainees but will also be of interest to clinicians involved in the diagnosis
and therapy of patients with mass lesions.
Lund, Sweden Henryk A. Domanski
vii
Acknowledgments
As with the first edition I would like to express many thanks to all the co-authors and contribu-
tors to the second edition. This atlas would not exist without their expertise and valuable con-
tribution. I would like to thank my wife Anna Domanski CT (MIAC); my daughter Katarina
Bartuma, MD, PhD; and my friends Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska, MD, PhD; Måns Åkerman, MD,
PhD; Xiaohua Qian, MD, PhD; Mats Ehinger, MD, PhD; Nastaran Monsef, MD, PhD; Fredrik
Mertens, MD, PhD; Jerzy Klijanienko, MD, PhD; Donald Stanley, MD; and Beata Bode-
Lesniewska, MD, PhD, for their continuous support, friendship, and contribution during the
preparation of the current edition. I wish to thank Donald Stanley, MD, for his valuable med-
ico-linguistic expertise and all of my colleagues and staff at the Department of Pathology,
Skåne University Hospital, for their support. I wish to thank the editorial staff of Springer for
excellent administrative assistance and patience during our work on the second edition of the
atlas.
ix
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Henryk A. Domanski and Fredrik Mertens
2 Image-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Mats Geijer and Henryk A. Domanski
3 Breast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Fernando Schmitt, Rene Gerhard, Donald E. Stanley, and Henryk A. Domanski
4 S alivary Glands and Head and Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska, Henryk A. Domanski, and Gabrijela Kocjan
5 Head and Neck: Thyroid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Paul A. VanderLaan and Jeffrey F. Krane
6 Head and Neck: Parathyroid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska
7 Lung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Henryk A. Domanski, Nastaran Monsef, and Anna M. Domanski
8 M ediastinum and Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle
Aspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Henryk A. Domanski, Nastaran Monsef, Anna M. Domanski,
and Włodzimierz Olszewski
9 Lymph Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Mats Ehinger and Måns Åkerman
10 Spleen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Mats Ehinger and Måns Åkerman
11 Liver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Beata Bode-Lesniewska and Henryk A. Domanski
12 Pancreas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Matthew W. Rosenbaum and Martha B. Pitman
13 Kidney and Adrenal Gland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Xiaohua Qian
14 Soft Tissue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
Henryk A. Domanski, Xiaohua Qian, Måns Åkerman, and Donald E. Stanley
15 Skin and Subcutis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
Henryk A. Domanski and Donald E. Stanley
xi
xii Contents
16 Bone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Henryk A. Domanski, Xiaohua Qian, and Donald E. Stanley
17 Pediatric Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653
Jerzy Klijanienko and Philippe Vielh
18 Orbit and Ocular Adnexa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679
Jerzy Klijanienko, Katarina Bartuma, and Henryk A. Domanski
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
Introduction 1
Henryk A. Domanski and Fredrik Mertens
The Role and Evaluation Nevertheless, considerable differences exist between
of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology various diagnostic centers with regard to the role that aspi-
in Clinical Examination ration cytology plays in the work-up of patients. Many
physicians are skeptical about the use of cytological diag-
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been used as a nosis due simply to the small amount of diagnostic mate-
tool to obtain specimens for the morphological diagnosis of rial obtained. Consequently, in some centers, cytological
numerous lesions in a variety of locations for more than material is not collected or processed in an optimal or stan-
80 years. Despite early attempts to use thin-needle aspiration dardized way. In such places, there has never been an
for diagnosis of neoplasm and inflammatory conditions [1, understanding of the potential of cytological diagnosis,
2], first large-scale studies published in the early 1920s and and clinicians have had to rely on other diagnostic
1930s by Martin, Ellis, and Steward [3, 4] are considered to modalities.
be the beginning of the modern era of FNAC. In 1950s–1960s, In diagnostic centers where there is a tradition of diag-
FNAC became a widely used diagnostic tool particularly in nostic procedures using reliable FNAC, the technique of
Europe, pioneered by some physicians and pathologists in aspiration has been optimized and taught to generations of
Sweden [5, 6]. Today, this diagnostic modality is more pow- cytologists, radiologists, and clinicians. Careful attention
erful than ever in making rapid preliminary diagnoses in neo- has been paid to specimen handling, and strict morphologi-
plastic and nonneoplastic conditions, guiding further cal criteria have been applied to the microscopical
work-up of the patient or even allowing the initiation of examination.
definitive treatment. In many clinical situations, FNAC can
render a definitive diagnosis either from aspiration smears
alone using well-defined cytological criteria (see Fig. 1.1) or
from aspiration smears combined with clinical data, radio-
logical findings, and the results of ancillary studies (see
Figs. 1.2 and 1.3). The use of ever more sophisticated ancil-
lary methods on aspiration specimens, such as molecular/
genetic analysis and immunocytochemistry, allows a diagno-
sis of tumors that can be used for predicting prognosis and
tailoring individualized “targeted” oncological therapy
[7–11].
H. A. Domanski (*)
Department of Pathology, Skåne University Hospital,
Lund, Sweden
e-mail: [email protected]
F. Mertens
Department of Clinical Genetics, Skåne University Hospital, Fig. 1.1 FNA of breast mass: cellular smears with a mixture of benign,
Lund, Sweden branching cell clusters with fragments of myxoid matrix and myoepi-
e-mail: [email protected] thelial cells, indicative of fibroadenoma
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 1
H. A. Domanski (ed.), Atlas of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76980-6_1