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Athens James H. S. McGregor Athens The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, En gland • 2014 Copyright © 2014 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data McGregor, James H. (James Harvey), 1946– Athens / James H.S. McGregor. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-674-04772-3 (alkaline paper) 1. Athens (Greece)—Description and travel. 2. Athens (Greece)—History. 3. City planning—Greece—Athens—History. 4. Athens (Greece)—Buildings, structures, etc. 5. Historic buildings—Greece— Athens. I. Title. DF919.M35 2014 949.5'12—dc23 2013037579 Contents Maps vii Introduction 1 1. On the Rock 10 2. Th e Acropolis in the Fift h Century 36 3. Th e Athenian Agora 78 4. On the Perimeter 101 5. Hellenistic and Roman Athens 118 6. Late Antique and Medieval Athens 147 7. Th e War for In de pend ence and the Creation of a National Capital 176 8. Modern Athens 201 Further Reading 229 Ac know ledg ments 231 Index 233 n a aa Ke e ge eS oi A ali et P m) u uri a L 24°24° onas (Marathon) Nea Makri Rafina Artemida Porto Rafti yvia Thorikou Keratea Lavrio ( Legrena postoli Marath Mt. Penteli ousi Paiania os Koropi Kal onida oi A Mar mett Sar Agi arnes Mt. Hy h Acs Athens reviRo sssilI Voula o o pyrg Egale pro Mt. lf MandraAs Elefsina(Eleusis)Peramos Salamina Salamis Saronic Gu na a gi es) Ne E b eeeee Thiva (Thiva vaavavvaavvvvvvvvviv(T((ThhTTThhhThhhhTTTThThhhTThhhh Erythres Megara Agkistri a net oi Ki or d gioiheo AT m miles 10 k Gulf of Corinth 5 ki a 23°23° 38°15'38°15' 38°38° Loutr 37°45'37°45' 0 Attica Areopagus Hill Theorias Tripodon Porch of the Caryatids Erechtheum Old Temple Cave of Propylaia Aglauros Rag Beule Gate Parthenon OldM Aucrsoepuomlis Stra kava to n Odeon of Herodes Atticus os Thespidos Epimenidou Odeon of T Pericles hra sy Theater of Dionysos llou Vakchou Dionysiou Areopagitou 100 yards Rovertou Gkalli noialyporP uoiehthcerE sononehttraP Karyatidon 0 Dion. Areopagitou100 meters Acropolis ParthenonTower of the Winds151New Acropolis MuseumPhilopappos Monument162 PynxTheater of Dionysos317 418Odeon of Herodes AtticusFethiye Mosque519’s LibaryAreopagusHadrian620Syntagma SquareStoa of Attalos721South StoaMetropolitan Cathedral822ZappeionChurch of the Holy Apostles923KapnikareaTemple of Olympian Zeus1024GorgoepikoosByzantine MuseumAcropolis and Syntagma Square1125Church of the Savior (St. Nikodemos)Monastiraki Square1226Parliament-Old PalaceTzistarakis Mosque1327Temple of HephaistosHadrian’s ArchEuvr1428iGoKallimarmaro (Panathenaic) Stadiumate of Athena ArchegetisPl.pidaolu i sAiEPgvriEleftheriasApruiadioui rosnrua500 ftt lo)eSyiuokrugoah0pfidllioiymaPclprasoS100mslAinAsatDroTaiixogiiks AoizPtliigamaeAuolpoaiudmosSnin AotuaoMgssoimuTaPi ksoa iu(isdi rrn rooi a er drk sai asAmssoasso(disSlVioIlakAnauuaolTPuiiPnamoertaismoitihiefeeok PlakontVIVa M o Ai rEr rK olkeIuomekiootorSouoanhiacnukrkiaoisrtoszaaiukPeilrpueoiafllAKaoKauLnaErri)meIouErkptacsohkaAutlhkiooniauiddaolsdaKeuanpinsraalroiKooe9utVottknoaa Pmloi sPuleep 11uroioYkpl oesVuo alASMsuiilos tIerufo asio nstopu AoloGd eesLorroeia igsiofgfioa ourPonoa sou SAVn a ssdili risEssroi12 sss miSo olIoriu13fisua aksa lV esAuio sr doo fo19oo20pReneLloiroAzAncient Agora Mit21r26soipol6aeAostroAdriMOi24tof AthensoahiuozN uiorllnenoosss10oosiuilsvku iisonool7PNPlelllonoVpis14AapsoSYNTAGMAtgniaao18mdvaakAiilnlRRomanLayokeGouaul15iateimalsuuo8lAgoraeKrioArorilstkh iKovasarFNcuhciolui neoiNatmiiyskKoTsdihtarpsmsoayiuAvstissoSleuililF dosuAreopagus a r LVKeoa foNationalro o25s Hill ss u u VdoasilneroPoorsS r o y ot n o a ooGardens n dt u ierMfGiietToororgiuno5ounoeeasosalLritiaresoInAenaihhTrgoTtipapKdroyoo KsduosRoesuonseStahnAcropolisotltogPLAKAsinrislakollaartaoKV17ieouv hossvn1o22aCdAfordoo oi dpir tiPis ss os Ie haf Tn To h vo eo l hlLo E pi uom ten i4d no uuLuyyosinkkTraaaithrrorAuAHill of the rusohacksasLVyeNymphso27o3lflnoorooDiouns. AreroVpayagitsoEiVluirsRsaiost veOrlotgoAsaugstrahs G23KallisperieGkiananlnnili rr28 o no oPik b i iaar ua a ao Philopapposis Ms rg l pti 2d it tyaAzrF i At yhM TiarHillCnlPkahsaiatoaazuui iocMrohrtinrshtgoEeLofosunftychidynouuSEooEfArdittou taDinrtraeikeaodroudcrsnnhAosAtu16rDhro .oafdeoksimieooiLnuhuocrsAuoM
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