Assessments for Sport and Athletic Performance

306 Pages·2019·22.82 MB·English

by  David H. Fukuda Ph.D.

Assessments for Sport and
Athletic Performance
David H. Fukuda, PhD, CSCS,*D, CISSN
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Fukuda, David H., 1980- author.
Title: Assessments for sport and athletic performance / David H. Fukuda.
Description: Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics, [2019] | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018036040 (print) | LCCN 2018054826 (ebook) | ISBN
9781492586876 (epub) | ISBN 9781492559894 (PDF) | ISBN 9781492559887
(print)
Subjects: LCSH: Athletic ability--Testing. | Physical fitness--Testing.
Classification: LCC GV436.5 (ebook) | LCC GV436.5 .F84 2019 (print) | DDC
796--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018036040
ISBN: 978-1-4925-5988-7 (print)
Copyright © 2019 by David Fukuda
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E7208
To Tamiko, for all of the revisions and ramblings you've endured over
the years without receiving the credit you deserve. Without your love
and unconditional support, this project would not have been possible
and my days would certainly be incomplete.
To Brogan and Josette, I can only hope to add as much meaning to your
lives as you have to mine. When we find ourselves at the bottom of a
valley, we always dig in, support each other, and go for broke, so that
we can enjoy the view from the top of the next peak together.
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Contents
Assessment Finder vi
Preface ix
Acknowledgments x
Part I Basics of Assessment 1
1
Assessment 101: Who, Why, and How? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2
Assessment 201: What Equipment? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3
Assessment 301: Which Tests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Part II Assessment Protocols 51
4
Anthropometrics and Body Composition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
5
Flexibility and Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6
Agility and Sprinting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7
Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
8
Muscular Strength and Endurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
9
Cardiorespiratory Fitness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
10
Monitoring Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
References 275
Index 288
About the Author 293
Earn Continuing Education Credits/Units 294
v
ASSESSMENT FINDER
Chapter 4 Anthropometrics and Body Composition
Weight, height, and body mass index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Segmental circumferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Skinfold assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Body fat percentage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Fat mass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Fat-free mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Bioelectrical impedance analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Chapter 5 Flexibility and Balance
Sit-and-reach test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Back-scratch test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Shoulder elevation test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Total body rotation test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Lumbar stability test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Functional reach test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Balance error scoring system (BESS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Tandem gait test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Chapter 6 Agility and Sprinting
5-10-5 test (pro agility or 20-yard shuttle run). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
T-test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Three-cone drill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Y-shaped reactive agility test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Hexagon agility test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Straight-line sprint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Repeated sprint ability test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Repeated change-of-direction test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
300-yard shuttle run. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
vi
Chapter 7 Power
Vertical jump test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Standing long jump test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Single-leg triple hop test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Medicine ball chest pass test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Forward overhead medicine ball throw test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Backward overhead medicine ball throw test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Rotating medicine ball throw test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Stair sprint power (or Margaria-Kalamen) test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Rowing ergometer peak power test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Chapter 8 Muscular Strength and Endurance
One-repetition maximum strength test:
Back squat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Leg press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Bench press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Bench pull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Multiple-repetition maximum strength test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Maximal handgrip strength test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Static muscular endurance tests:
Prone bridge or plank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Half-squat or wall-sit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Flexed-arm or bent-arm hang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Dynamic muscular endurance tests:
Partial curl-ups or bent-knee sit-ups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Push-ups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Squats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Pull-ups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
YMCA bench press test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
(continued)
vii
viii Assessment Finder
ASSESSMENT FINDER
(CONTINUED)
Chapter 9 Cardiorespiratory Fitness
20-meter multi-stage shuttle run . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Distance-based walk and run tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Time-based walk or run tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Submaximal step test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Submaximal rowing ergometer test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
45-second squat test (or Ruffier-Dickson test). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Chapter 10 Monitoring Training
Heart rate measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Body weight maintenance and hydration status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Fluid loss evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
External training load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Internal training load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Perceptual well-being . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7
Physical readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272