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Assessing Psychopathology And Behavior Problems In Persons With Mental Retardation PDF

239 Pages·2007·6.66 MB·English
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Preview Assessing Psychopathology And Behavior Problems In Persons With Mental Retardation

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 342 801 TM 017 968 AUTHOR Aman, Michael G. TITLE Assessing Psychopathology and Behavior Problems in Persons with Mental Retardation: A Review of Available Instruments. INSTITUTION National inst. on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (DHHS), Rockville, Md. REPORT NO DHHS-ADM-91-1712 PUB DATE 91 NOTE 241p. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) -- Reports - Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Behavior Disorders; Developmental Disabilities; *Diagnostic Tests; Evaluation Methods; Interviews; *Measures (Individuals); Medical Evaluation; Mental Disorders; Mental Health; *Mental Retardation; *Psychological Testing; *Psychopathology; Surveys ABSTRACT This survey of the instruments and methods that are currently available for assessing mental health problems in persons with mental retardation lists formalized instruments and interview techniques and evaluates them from a methodological perspective. Emphasis is on the assessment and classification of disorders rather than on the evaluation of adaptive behaviors or treatment effects. Information was solicited from several professional organizations with an interest in behavior, psychopathology, and developmental disabilities through letters sent to 50 prominent researchers and through computer searches of the literature. Approximately 40 relevant instruments were identified. These are described in three sections: (1) the more established instruments, most of which have been published, with detailed descriptions and thorough critiques; (2) relatively new or unpublished instruments, with brief summaries and critiques; and (3) relevant instruments considered peripheral to assessment of behavior disorders, with brief descriptions and no appraisal of psychometric characteristics. Eight tables summarize information about the instruments. Three appendices provide supplemental information about the survey process and the instruments reviewed. (SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** AilL I 7.OiroI mo"`n. 1 IMIPANTIPINT CO !OPORTO." Disos el feueehottel Resew& one imoorement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) OI4us 4lecum5Iit ims leen feetellutee 58 received from the OVUM of Otlethteetteh efeeneting it 0 Knot thews have been made o inoteve feetoductiOn *Allay Poi nts of viewer opinions Pitied in Mildew. MOM dO not herAlelettly moment Oho& . GERI position or Policy. II PSYU IOPATHOIPGY AND BLHAkfloR PROBLEN:IS IN PEWiSONS \ATM M ENTAL OFAARDNFIC": A R 11\112,\V OF_ AVAIL:AIME NSTRLIMENTS _> st- C:04; E ASSESSING PSYCHOPATHOLO I AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS IN PERSONS WITH MENTAL RETARDATION: A REVIEW OF AVAILABLE INSTRUMENTS Report Prepared for the National Institute of Mental Health Michael G. Aman The Nisonger Center for Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities The Ohio State University U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute of Mental Health 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland 20857 Acknowledgements This review was funded by a Professional Services Contract from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to Michael Aman, Ph.D. The author would like to acknowledge the important role of Dr. Eleanor Dibble of the NIMH who first envisaged the need for such a review, who initiated the funding of the project, and who provided many useful suggestions on how the review might be structured. The author would like to thank the following workers for professional advice and critical comments on aspects of this research: Drs. Fred Damarin, David Hammer, Johannes Rojahn, Donald Smeltzer (Ohio State University), Dr. Stephen Schroeder (University of Kansas), and Dr. Nirbhay Singh (Medical College of Virginia). The author is grateful to Peggy Smith (Virginia Treatment Center for Children) for her many useful editorial suggestions and, as always, to Marsha Aman for a great deal of moral support and practical help including substantial editorial advice and word processing of this document. Suggested citation: Aman, M.G. (1991). Assessing psychopathology and behavior problems in persons with mental retardation: A review of available instruments. Rockville MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. iii 4 Table of Contents iii Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 3 Survey Methods Employed 4 Selection Criteria for Instruments 5 Instruments Not Included Other Instruments Relevant to the Assessment of Psychopathology 7 8 Evaluation Criteria 9 Acceptable Ranges 10 Review Format 10 Some Caveats 12 The Nature of Psychopathology in Mental Retardation 21 Part I AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale: Residential and Community 23 Edition AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale: School Edition 30 35 Aberrant Behavior Checklist 41 Adolescent Behavior Checklist Balthazar Scales of Adaptive Behavior: II. Scales of Social Adaptation 46 51 Behaviour Disturbance Scale 55 Client Development Evaluation Report 59 Clinical Interview Schedule Devereux Adolescent Behavior Rating Scale 65 70 Devereux Child Behavior Rating Scale Diagnostic Assessment of the Severely Handicapped (DASH) 75 Emotional Disorders Rating Scale: Developmental Disabilities so Minnesota Developmental Programming System (MDPS): 84 Behavior Management Assessment 89 Preschool Behavior Questionnaire Prout-Strohmer Personality Inventory 93 v Psychopathology Instnunent for Mentally Retarded Adults (PIMRA) 97 Reiss Screen for Maladaptive Behavior 103 Schedule of Handicaps, Behaviour, and Skills kfIBS) Revised 107 Self-Report Depression Questionnaire 113 Strohmer-Prout Behavior Rating Scale 117 Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale 121 Part II 125 Attention Checklist 127 Behavior Development Survey 128 Behavior Evaluation Rating Scale (BeERS) 130 Behavior Inventory for Rating Development (BIRD) 131 Behavior Problems Inventory 133 Communication Style Questionnaire 135 Developmentally Delayed Children's Behaviour Checklist 137 Fairview Maladaptive Behavior Survey 139 Gilson-Levitas Diagnostic Criteria 141 Motivation Assessment Scale 143 Pqchosocial Behaviour Scale 145 Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale 147 Social and Emotional Behavior Inventory 150 Social Judgment Scale 152 Social Participation Rating Scale 154 Standardized Assessment of Personality 156 Structured Clinical Interview 158 Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (Adapted) 159 Part III 161 Cognitive Diagnostic Battery 163 Maladaptive Behavior Scale (MABS) 164 Paroxysmal Behavior Scale 165 vi 166 Seizure and Related Behavior Checklist 167 Shortened Stockton Rating Scale 168 Social Performance Survey Schedule 169 Vocational Problem Behavior Inventory 171 Conclusions and Recommendations 173 Characterization of Existing Scales 174 State of the Field 178 Recurring Problems with Available Instruments and Behavior Disorders in Mental Retardation 179 Toward a Valid Taxonomy of Emotional 181 Recommended 1nstrwnents 183 Recommendations for Future Research 187 Tables Reliability Correlations for Tab lel: Magnitude of Interrater 187 Different Types of Informant Addressed in Reviewed Instruments (Part I) 188 Table 2: Psychometric Futures 190 Table 3: Instruments in Parts I and II Classified by Type of Rater 191 Table 4: Instruments in Parts I and II Classified by Age Group Covered 192 Table 5: Instruments in Parts I and II Classified by Method of Derivation 193 Table 6: Instruments in Parts I and II Classified by Number of Subsea les Table 7: Instruments in Pans I and II Classified by Level of Mental 194 Retardation Covered 195 Factors from Factor Analytic Reseaith Table 8: Commonalities among 197 Appendices Whose Memberships Were Notified Appendix A: Societies and Associations 197 Regarding the Review 198 Characteristics of Reviewed Scales Appendix B: Summary of Psychometric for Abbreviations Used in Tables 3 Through 7 238 Appendix C: Full Instrument Names vii Y- Introduction 1 interest, both in the United States and in other In recent years, there has been gnat appropriate methods for assessing mental health problems in countries, in the nature and retardation. This has led to a number of activities such as the persons with mental National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) convened a following. In May 1986 the problems in treatment tesearch with special workshop on the topic of "Methodological also mentally ill" (see Special Feature on Treatment mentally retarded populations who arc N1MH-sponsored workshop was held in February 1987 on Research, 1986). A second retardation." In addition, psychiatric disorders in mental "Assessment and treatment of meetings of the National during 1986 and 1987 in national related presentations were made The American Association for Mental Retardation, Association of the Dually Diagnosed, Conference on Mental Health Aspects of Mental Retardation and an International Research of these workshops and opinion that emerged repeatedly at many (see Reiss, 1989). An instruments has hampered conferences was that a lack ofuniform or adequate assessment individualized methods of have employed idiosyncratic or clinical research. Many studies investigations. However, it was not assessment, and this has hindered comparison across impression was of the actual need for better diagnostic instmments. clear how accurate this considerable need for a systematic survey of the instruments Thus, there appeamd to be a health problems in persons and methods that are currently available for assessing mental with mental retardation. requirement. One objective carried out to help meet this The present project was was to collect all formalized instruments and interview techniques for evaluating retardation. The second psychopathology and behavior disorders in persons with mental principal objective was to describe these instruments and to evaluate them from a methodological perspective. It is hoped that this will help to inform interested workers techniques and their relative merits. It should be about the available pool of assessment this project has been on assessment and classification of noted that the emphasis in evaluation of adaptive behavior or treatment effects. disorders per se rather than on the adaptive behavior or treatment effects could come Thus, instruments developed to measure necessarily was directed to diagnostic under the terms of this review, but the evaluation precision. Survey Methods Employed appropriate rating and A variety of methods was used to identify and locate 3 diagnosdc instruments. Extensive efforts were made to inform workers in the field that the assessment was underway and to seek submissions of all relevant materials, whetner published or not. These efforts included the following: 1. Notices were sent to a number of societies and organizatiolis whose membership was known to have an interest in behavior problems, psychopathology, and developmental disabilities. In each case, a notice described the objectives of the review project and asked that all relevant materials be sent to the author. The organizations that were contacted are listed in Appendix A. 2. Computer searches were conducted to examine the literature for relevant publications on the assessment of behavior problems and/or dual diagnosis. These included Med line, BRS (Psych Info), and BRS Health Instruments File Database searches. 3 . Personal letters were sent to 50 prominent researchers who were known to be interested in assessment research in the mental retardation field. This was expedited by the literature search discussed above and by suggestions provided by colleagues in the field. The individuals who were contacted resided in eight different regions including the United States, Australia, Canada, England, the Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden, and Wales. Selection Criteria for Instruments As noted previously, the emphasis of this review was on standardized scales and interviews that could differentiate between various forms of psychopathclogy or behavior disorders in persons with mental retardation. The computer search, and more specifically the key word diagnosis, produced a very large number of articles that were deemed not to be relevant to this review. These included numerous research papers concerned with identification of various physiological, genetic, metabolic, or other pathological disorders, such as Rett syndrome, phenylketonuria, and so forth. Such publications were excluded from the present review. Also excluded were articles and instruments that attempted to formulate subgroups on the basis of IQ test profiles or neuropsychological profiles. Vocational adaptation and readiness scales were excluded unless specifically relevant to the dual diagnosis question. Finally, scales that were designed to screen for a single disorder, such as the several autism scales, were not included in this review. These criteria were somewhat arbitrary, but it was necessary to put boundaries on the survey so that its major objectives could be achieved. 4 0

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