ASP.NET Bible

686 Pages·2002·7.29 MB·English

by  Mridula Parihar, Essam Ahmed, Jim Chandler, Bill Hatfield, Rick Lassan, Peter MacIntyre, Dave Wanta

ASP.NET Bible
by mridula Parihar and et al. ISBN: 0764548166
Hungry Minds © 2002 (855 pages)
Learn the ins and outs of ASP.NET using Visual Basic and C# with this comprehesive reference
tool.

Table of Contents
ASP.NET Bible
Preface
Part I - ASP.NET Basics
Chapter 1 - Understanding the .NET Framework
Chapter 2 - Getting Started with ASP.NET
Chapter 3 - Building Forms with Web Controls
Chapter 4 - Using Rich Web Controls
Chapter 5 - Creating and Using Custom Controls
Chapter 6 - Validating User Input
Chapter 7 - Debugging ASP.NET Pages
Part II - ASP.NET Database Programming
Chapter 8 - Introducing ADO.NET
Chapter 9 - Understanding Data Binding
Chapter 10 - Working with Data Grids
Chapter 11 - Using Templates
Chapter 12 - Using SQL Server with ASP.NET
Chapter 13 - Advanced Data Binding and XML
Part III - Advanced ASP.NET
Chapter 14 - ASP.NET Application Configuration
Chapter 15 - Developing Business Objects
Chapter 16 - Building HTTP Handlers
Chapter 17 - Understanding Caching
Chapter 18 - Building Wireless Applications with ASP.NET Mobile Controls
Chapter 19 - ASP.NET Security
Chapter 20 - Localizing ASP.NET Applications
Chapter 21 - Deploying ASP.NET Applications
Part IV - Building Web Services
Chapter 22 - Introduction to Web Services
Chapter 23 - Web Services Infrastructure
Chapter 24 - Understanding SOAP
Chapter 25 - Building a Web Service
Chapter 26 - Deploying and Publishing Web Services
Chapter 27 - Finding Web Services
Chapter 28 - Consuming Web Services
Part V - Building ASP.NET Applications
Chapter 29 - ASP.NET Blackjack
Chapter 30 - Chatty Discussion Forum
Appendix A - Visual Basic Syntax
Appendix B - Visual Basic Functions and Features
Appendix C - Visual Basic Object-Oriented Programming
Appendix D - C# Syntax
Appendix E - C# Classes
Appendix F - C# Components
Index
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Sidebars

ASP.NET Bible
Mridula Parihar et al.
Published by
Hungry Minds, Inc.
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About the Authors
Mridula Parihar has a master's degree in Applied Operations Research from Delhi
University. She is a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer (MCSD) and has worked
approximately 2½ years with NIIT Ltd. Mridula spent her first year in the Career
Education Group (CEG) of NIIT, in which she taught NIIT students and was involved in
scheduling and managing resources. For the past 1½ years, she has been working in the
Knowledge Solutions Business (KSB) group of NIIT, in which she has had the
opportunity to work on varied technical projects. Mridula has been involved in design,
development, testing, and implementation of instructor-led training courses. Her primary
responsibilities include instructional review, technical review, and ensuring ISO
compliance. For the past six months, Mridula has been involved in textbook writing on
varied technical subjects such as TCP/IP and .NET.
Essam Ahmed is an accomplished developer with more than 10 years of professional
programming and design experience. Essam enjoys writing — his publications include
JScript .NET Programming (published October 2001 by Hungry Minds), more than 50
book reviews at codeguru.com, and various articles at asptoday.com and
thecodechannel.com. Essam's professional affiliations include the IEEE Computer
Society (http://computer.org), the Association for Computing Machinery
(http://acm.org), and the Worldwide Institute of Software Architects
(www.wwisa.org), in which he is a practicing member. Essam was a speaker at VSLive
2001 in Sydney, Australia. Essam's Web site is www.designs2solutions.com.
Jim Chandler is an independent consultant with extensive experience in architecting
and developing custom, integrated software solutions for small to medium-sized
businesses in the Midwest. Before focusing his career on the Windows platform, Jim was
a Graphics Partner at Digital Equipment Corporation, evangelizing X11 and Motif. Jim is
also a co-author of the Visual Basic.NET Bible and an active member of the St. Louis
.NET Users Group. He has delivered presentations on such topics as ASP.NET, XML,
and Web services to the St. Louis developer community. His research interests include
everything .NET as well as COM+ and developing mobile applications for the Pocket PC.
Outside the daily challenges of developing applications and fulfilling his research
interests, Jim shares his spare time with his wife, Rhonda, and their two sons, Sam and
Thomas.
Bill Hatfield is the best-selling author of several computer books, including ASP.NET
For Dummies, two editions of Active Server Pages For Dummies (on Classic ASP),
Visual InterDev For Dummies, and Creating Cool VBScript Web Pages (all from Hungry
Minds). He is also the editor of three monthly publications from Pinnacle Publishing on
.NET technologies: C# Developer, .NET Developer, and ActiveWeb Developer. He's an
independent corporate trainer and maintains a Web site (www.edgequest.com)
dedicated to helping developers solve problems. He works from his home in
Indianapolis, Indiana, where he and his wife have celebrated the birth of their first child,
Bryce Christopher. Of course, now that he has a real baby, he can stop dressing up the
cat in little outfits.
Richard Lassan is a Senior Consultant with GA Sullivan in Nashville, TN. He is currently
involved in learning and writing about .NET. Richard can be reached at
[email protected].
Peter B. MacIntyre lives and works in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
(the home of the fictional Anne of Green Gables). Peter and his wife, Dawn, are trying to
raise four kids: Daniel (14), Charity (12), Michael (12), and Simon (11). He has been in
the software development industry for over 12 years and has seen many changes in
technology in that time frame. Peter can be reached at [email protected] and is
available for small to midsized consulting projects.
Dave Wanta has been working in Web development since the mid-1990s. His Microsoft-
centric Web technology has led him to develop a number of large e-commerce and B2B
applications. His love for ASP.NET has led him to build the largest online ASP.NET
directory, at www.123aspx.com. You can usually find Dave online discussing ASP.NET
topics at the lists found at www.aspfriends.com.
About the Series Editor

Michael Lane Thomas is an active development-community and computer-industry
analyst who presently spends a great deal of time spreading the gospel of Microsoft
.NET in his current role as a .NET technology evangelist for Microsoft. In working with
over a half-dozen publishing companies, Michael has written numerous technical articles
and written or contributed to almost 20 books on numerous technical topics, including
Visual Basic, Visual C++, and .NET technologies. He is a prolific supporter of the
Microsoft certification programs, having earned his MCSD, MCSE+I, MCT, MCP+SB,
and MCDBA.
In addition to technical writing, Michael can also be heard over the airwaves from time to
time, including two weekly radio programs on Entercom (www.entercom.com/)
stations, most often in Kansas City on News Radio 980KMBZ (www.kmbz.com/). He
can also occasionally be caught on the Internet doing an MSDN Webcast
(www.microsoft.com/usa/webcasts/) discussing .NET, the next generation of Web
application technologies.
Michael started his journey through the technical ranks back in college at the University
of Kansas, where he earned his stripes and a couple of degrees. After a brief stint as a
technical and business consultant to Tokyo-based Global Online Japan, he returned to
the States to climb the corporate ladder. He has held assorted roles, including those of
IT manager, field engineer, trainer, independent consultant, and even a brief stint as
Interim CTO of a successful dot-com, although he believes his current role as .NET
evangelist for Microsoft is the best of the lot. He can be reached via e-mail at
[email protected].
First and foremost, I want to dedicate this book to my Supreme Guide who has always
guided me in the right direction. Then, I would like to dedicate this book to my Mom and
Dad, without whose support I could have never completed this book. My Mom and Dad
have always been a constant source of energy and encouragement for me. Also, I must
thank my brothers, Amit and Abhay, who have always given their constant support to
me. — Mridula Parihar
For my sons, Vikranth and Siddharth — Essam Ahmed
I'd like to dedicate this book to my family, whose love and support mean everything to
me. I love you all. And, finally, the answer to the question posed by my sons, Sam and
Thomas, who asked: "Dad, will our name be in the book, too?" You bet! — Jim
Chandler
To my lovely wife Melanie for the patience, kindness, and love she showsto our child
every hour of every day. Bryce couldn't have picked abetter mom! — Bill Hatfield
To my parents, William and Eleanor, for always being there. — Rick Lassan
I would like to dedicate the chapters that I wrote to my lovely wife, Dawn Etta Riley.
Without your patience and understanding, I would not have been able to pull this off! I
know it has been hard sometimes, but reward comes with hard work. I love you very
much and appreciate all that you do for me and all that you are to me. — Peter
MacIntyre
To my Parents, Roy and Terry, and my Brother Bob for being the coolest brother
someone could have. — Dave Wanta

Preface
Introduction of the Microsoft .NET platform has begun a new era in the field of
application development that will drive the next-generation Internet. ASP.NET, a part of
the Microsoft .NET platform, is a revolutionary programming framework that enables the
rapid development of enterprise-class Web applications. It provides the easiest and most
scalable way to develop, deploy, and run Web applications that can target any browser
or device. In fact, these features are only a few of several that make ASP.NET
developers' first choice for creating Web applications.
ASP.NET makes application development much easier than it was with classic ASP, and
hence it has dramatically improved developers' productivity. ASP.NET enables you to
provide richer functionality to your Web applications by writing the least amount of code.
The best part is that ASP.NET enables you to select any of the available .NET
programming languages. So, unlike classic ASP, in which you had to depend on
interpreted VBScript and JScript languages, ASP.NET provides a wide choice of
programming languages.
In addition to the usual Web applications, ASP.NET allows you to create other types,
which enables you to extend your applications' reach to new customers and business
partners. For example, XML Web services enable sharing of data across the Internet
regardless of the operating system and the programming language — this certainly
widens the reach of your applications. Also, ASP.NET provides you with mobile controls
that enable your applications to target a large number of mobile Web devices.
Deploying server applications has always been a pain for developers. With ASP.NET,
however, developers do not need to worry on this front at all, because ASP.NET has
dramatically simplified the deployment process. Deploying a Web application simply
requires you to copy it to the Web server.
In addition to providing a rich developer experience, ASP.NET provide a rich user
experience. ASP.NET Web applications are faster than the classic ASP applications.
The reason is quite obvious. Unlike classic ASP, in which you relied only on interpreted
languages, ASP.NET enables you to use compiled programming languages. Thus,
ASP.NET applications do not require an explicit compilation step and, in turn, execute
faster. Additionally, ASP.NET has rich caching and state-management features that add
to the improved performance of ASP.NET Web applications. In addition to providing high
performance and scalability, ASP.NET applications are highly reliable and secure. The
greater reliability and security features enable your application users to build more
confidence in using them.
This book seeks to provide to all Web-application developers a greater understanding of
ASP.NET. This book covers ASP.NET from its basic features to its advanced features,
such as application configuration, caching, security, localization, XML Web services, and
deployment.
Icons Used in This Book
Each icon used in this book signifies a special meaning. Here's what each icon means:
Note Note icons provide supplemental information about the subject at
hand but generally something that isn't quite the main idea. Notes
are often used to elaborate on a detailed technical point.
Tip Tips provide special information or advice. They indicate a more
efficient way of doing something or a technique that may not be
obvious.
Caution Caution icons warn you of a potential problem or error.
Cross- Cross-Reference icons direct you to related information
Reference in another section or chapter.

How This Book Is Organized
The basic aim of this book is to provide Web-application developers with insight into
ASP.NET features and to enable them to develop rich, secure, and reliable Web
applications. The book begins by introducing the basic features of ASP.NET and then
moves on to explore the advanced ASP.NET features.
This book is divided into five parts.
Part I: ASP.NET Basics
This part presents the salient features of the .NET Framework and introduces you to the
relationship of the .NET Framework with ASP.NET. This part covers the basic features of
ASP.NET, including the Web controls, Rich Web controls, and Validation controls. In
addition, this part discusses how to create custom Web controls and to use various
ASP.NET debugging techniques to debug Web applications.
Part II: ASP.NET Database Programming
This part provides an overview of the ADO.NET technology. It discusses how to use SQL
Server with ASP.NET applications to access and manipulate server-side data. This part
also covers data binding with ASP.NET server controls and discusses how to work with
Data Grids. Also, it discusses working with XML. Finally, it presents you with Web-server
control templates to customize the look and layout of server controls.
Part III: Advanced ASP.NET
This part covers the advanced features of ASP.NET, such as application configuration,
caching, and security. This part discusses how to develop business objects (the .NET
components), build HTTP handlers, and develop wireless applications using mobile
controls. It also discusses how to develop localized ASP.NET applications. Finally, this
part presents you with the deployment of ASP.NET applications.
Part IV: Building Web Services
This part gives you an overview of Web services, the Web services infrastructure, and
the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). It then discusses how to build and deploy
Web services. Finally, this part discusses how to find and consume Web services.
Part V: Building ASP.NET Applications
The Web services section covers the foundational technologies of Web services (such
as XML and SOAP) as well as detailed information on how to develop, debug, and
consume ASP.NET Web services using the Microsoft .NET Framework and ASP.NET.
Appendixes
This section of the book provides an overview of Visual Basic .NET and C#. Use this
section as a reference for these programming languages. In fact, this section provides an
easy way for beginners to get started with ASP.NET by introducing the salient features of
Visual Basic .NET and C#.
Companion Web Site
This book provides a companion Web site from which you can download the code from
various chapters. All the code listings reside in a single WinZip file that you can
download by going to www.hungryminds.com/extras and selecting the ASP.NET
Bible link. After you download the file (ASPNETBible.zip), and if you have WinZip
already on your system, you can open it and extract the contents by double-clicking. If
you don't currently have WinZip, you can download an evaluation version from
www.winzip.com.
When extracting the files, use WinZip's default options (confirm that the Use Folder
Names option is checked) and extract the ASPNETBible.zip file to a drive on your
system that has about 3MB of available space. The extraction process creates a folder
called ASPNETBible. As long as the Use Folder Names option is checked in the Extract
dialog box, an entire folder structure is created within the ASPNETBible folder. You'll
see folders arranged by chapter number, and some of those chapter folders will contain
subfolders.
If you'd rather download just the code you need from a particular chapter — when you
need it — simply click the separate chapter link on the Web site instead of downloading
the entire WinZip file.

Acknowledgments
It's a great feeling to acknowledge the efforts and contributions of each one of those who
were involved in the development of this book. I would like to acknowledge the time and
effort put in by the teams at both ends, NIIT and Hungry Minds. At NIIT, I would like to
convey my special thanks to Ms. Anita Sastry, the Project Manager, and Sunil Kumar
Pathak, the Graphics Designer. Without their valuable contributions, this book wouldn't
have been possible. Also, I would like to thank Namrata, Rashim, Meeta, Ashok, Nitin,
and Yesh for their timely help. Thank you once again for giving a helping hand when it
was needed the most.
At Hungry Minds, my special thanks go to the Acquisitions Editor, Sharon Cox, and the
Project Editor, Sharon Nash, who gave me the opportunity to write this book. Also, I
would like to acknowledge the Technical Editors, Ken Cox and Michael MacDonald, and
the Copy Editor, Bill McManus, for their valuable input and constant support. Thank you
all for your valuable contributions, without which this book wouldn't be possible. —
Mridula Parihar
Tom Archer — for helping me get my writing career off the ground. Sharon Cox — a
great acquisitions editor to work with! Sharon Nash — thanks for your patience. My
family — for their ongoing support in all of my endeavors. — Essam Ahmed
I would like to thank Bill Evjen for giving me the opportunity to fulfill the lifelong goal of
becoming a published author as well as his dedication to the St. Louis .NET Users group
— it is an outstanding organization due in large part to his efforts. I would also like to
thank Craig Smyth, whose support and encouragement have contributed much to the
career success I enjoy today. I am also grateful to Bob Hundman at Novus International
for allowing me to "disappear" when I needed to while writing for this book. And, of
course, a special thank you to my wife, Rhonda, who was patient and supportive while I
worked into the wee hours of many nights and during our family vacation in order to meet
the book's deadlines. — Jim Chandler
Thanks to Chris Webb, Sharon Cox, Sharon Nash, and everyone else at Hungry Minds
who helped put this together. You guys are great to work with! — Bill Hatfield
I would like to give thanks and praise to God above for giving me the talents and skills
that it takes to be both a computer specialist and an author. Of course, the great people
at Hungry Minds who gave me this opportunity need to be mentioned as well, namely
Sharon Cox and Sharon Nash. Their attention to detail and occasional prodding are what
helped make this project a success! — Peter MacIntyre
To my Wife, my "Best Friend" (Karen), for all of her encouragement while I contributed to
this book. — Rick Lassan
ASP.NET Basics
Part I:
Chapter List
Chapter 1: Understanding the .NET Framework
Chapter 2: Getting Started with ASP.NET
Chapter 3: Building Forms with Web Controls
Chapter 4: Using Rich Web Controls
Chapter 5: Creating and Using Custom Controls
Chapter 6: Validating User Input
Chapter 7: Debugging ASP.Net Pages

Understanding the .NET Framework
Chapter 1:
Overview
The Internet revolution of the late 1990s represented a dramatic shift in the way
individuals and organizations communicate with each other. Traditional applications,
such as word processors and accounting packages, are modeled as stand-alone
applications: they offer users the capability to perform tasks using data stored on the
system the application resides and executes on. Most new software, in contrast, is
modeled based on a distributed computing model where applications collaborate to
provide services and expose functionality to each other. As a result, the primary role of
most new software is changing into supporting information exchange (through Web
servers and browsers), collaboration (through e-mail and instant messaging), and
individual expression (through Web logs, also known as Blogs, and e-zines — Web
based magazines). Essentially, the basic role of software is changing from providing
discrete functionality to providing services.
The .NET Framework represents a unified, object-oriented set of services and libraries
that embrace the changing role of new network-centric and network-aware software. In
fact, the .NET Framework is the first platform designed from the ground up with the
Internet in mind.
This chapter introduces the .NET Framework in terms of the benefits it provides. I
present some sample code in Visual C# .NET, Visual Basic .NET, Visual Basic 6.0, and
Visual C++; don't worry if you're not familiar with these languages, since I describe in the
discussion what each sample does.

Benefits of the .NET Framework
The .NET Framework offers a number of benefits to developers:
§ A consistent programming model
§ Direct support for security
§ Simplified development efforts
§ Easy application deployment and maintenance
Consistent programming model
Different programming languages offer different models for doing the same thing. For
example, the following code demonstrates how to open a file and write a one-line
message to it using Visual Basic 6.0:
Public Sub testFileAccess()
On Error GoTo handle_Error
' Use native method of opening an writing to a file...
Dim outputFile As Long
outputFile = FreeFile
Open "c:\temp\test.txt" For Output As #outputFile
Print #outputFile, "Hello World!"
Close #outputFile

' Use the Microsoft Scripting Runtime to
' open and write to the file...
Dim fso As Object
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Dim outputText As TextStream
Set outputText = fso.CreateTextFile("c:\temp\test2.txt")
outputText.WriteLine "Hello World!"
outputText.Close
Set fso = Nothing
Exit Sub

handle_Error:
' Handle or report error here
End Sub
This code demonstrates that more than one technique is available to create and write to
a new file. The first method uses Visual Basic's built-in support; the second method uses
the Microsoft Scripting Runtime. C++ also offers more than one way of performing the
same task, as shown in the following code:
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
// Use the C Runtime Library (CRT)...
FILE *testFile;
if( (testFile = fopen( "c:\\temp\\test3.txt",
"wt" )) == NULL ) {
cout << "Could not open first test file!" << endl;
return 1;
}
fprintf(testFile,"Hello World!\n");