Asphondylia dodonaeae, a new species of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) damaging leaves and branches of hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae) in Australia

6 Pages·1995·1.9 MB·English

by  P Kolesik

TttihMttWms ofthe R»\al SorwtY of S |,m/ (IW>K 119(4), 171-176.
ASPNONDYLIA DOfXMAEAE, A NEW SPECIES OF CECIDOMYHDAE <T)IPTERA)
DAMAGING LEAVES AND BRANCHES OF HOP-BUSH, DODONAEA VISCOSA
(SAPINDACEAE) IN AUSTRALIA.
by P. KOl.ESIK*
Summary
Kbrmanlc-hMeKs,oPl'.h1o1p9-9b5u1sAhspShWttm*dtvtf«tfcaVdmodmovm/wa(vS,apIiInndaecwcastpeIctiileAsusutlraCleicaiJoTmnmysi.idyR.c$H0>ti:p1S.enA0uMd.amIaNg<i4nig, IIc7alv!e7vn.an5fdl
November 1W.
A new^all midge specie-- Asphnndylkidtiilnttat\n\ is described from South Australia. Detailed descriptions
ol ilic- Imiu pupil, nude and female KJf well as the inicstahon symptoms on leases and branches m bop-bush.
pt'dofutca t/.\r/n«)aeq. sub.sp xptithattiUi(Smith*.I G. Wesi (Sapindaccac). aregiven. Thenewspeciesisdiagnosed
.Hid iomp-ircJ to other species ofthe genus Asphonddia.
Kn Wokos: t'ecidumyiidae. As(4nmdyha dodofhuoi sp. nov . thnionuea vimosu. South Australia.
Introduction Materials ami Methods
The new gull midge species described here was Leaf and branch stem galls of Dodonaea vtsvusa
lound infesting leaves and terminal branches ofhop- subsp. \fhitfudant weresampled in Monalui (27\i.N92
bush Dodottaea vtscosa Jaeq subsp. spaihttitua and 26.ix.W3) and Cleland Conservation Parks
. .
(Smith) J. (1 West (Sapindaceae) in South Australia. (3.LI993). The parks are adjacent and located about
Dotlimtwa visvosa Jacq. is a shrub or tree up to 8 13 kin north-east of Adelaide. The galls obtained on
muill Itoccurs throughout Australia andextends into 26.\k.1993 were processed in two ways. A small
tropical Asia, America and Africaand intotemperate number wasdissected and thelarvae (along with one
southern Africa, New Zealand and Pacific islands larva from 27,\i.1992) and pupae were preserved in
(Reynolds&. West I985>. Its leavesareused in various 70% elhanol after notes were made on their colour.
parts ol Lhe world in folk medicine to control fever. A largernumber, with larvaeand pupaeretained within
colic, inflammation, swellings, rheumatismand pain galls, was brought to the laboratory la rearto adults.
(West 1984; Ahmad et ai (087: Wagner et ai mi\ Branches with gallswere kept in plastic bags. Larvae
Mata et al. W91). In several countries it is used as pupated intheirgalls. Plasticbagswereexamineddaily
firewood, material fortoolhandlesand forreclamation andemergedadults preservedtogetherwiththeirpupal
of unused or degraded landscape areas such as sand skins in10% cthanolaftertheircolourhadbeen noted.
dunes, marshlands and mine wastes (Norem et al. Canada balsam mounts of a series tor microscopic
1982; Reynolds & West 1985) In Australiaapurple- exammationwereprepared according tothetechnique
leaved form isgrownwidely ingardensand theloliage outlined by Kolesik (1995). The type seriesand other
is valued for its decorative appearance. materials retained in 70$ ethanol together withdried
Thehop-bush isacommonshrub inremnantsofthe examples of the galls are deposited in lhe South
original flora around Adelaide where tt forms a Australian Museum. Adelaide ISAM). Australian
substantial part ofthe medium-high vegetation cover NationalInsect Collection, CSIRO. Canberra [AN1C)
in the nature conservation parks. During 1992-1993 and United Slates National Museum |USNM|
large numbersol gallswere foundoilalmostall shiubs Washington DC USA.
surveyed in Monalla and ClclandConservationparks.
The new gall midge appears to have two generations
inthe Adelaidearea, the first fromJanuarytoFebruary,
thesecondfromSeptembertoOctober Shrubsbearing Asphondylia dodtmaeae sp. nov.
gulls fromtwosuccessivegenerationsofthe gall midge (FJGS 1-19)
can otlcn be found.
Hotonpe; <f. Morialta Conservation Park, South
Australia 134C54'S, I38°44'fc). 29.ix.1993, P. Kolesik.
DfteipcaulritymeointAgorficHuolrttuircaulltaunrde.NaVtiutricaulltRueresoaunrdceOSecnioelnocyeys,. Jraecaqr.edsufbrsopm.lsapravathfurlaotmal(eaSfmigtalhl)oJl,\ DGmkWmesate,asvaim.pscloesda
Iluivr.iMtyofAdelaidePMB I OlcnOsmondS. Aust.5fo$4. 26.ivHW3. 121272 ISAM]
Q
m
KUU-SiK
f»
M!,>i\pe; £, same data, '{2)21^ |SAM| straiigej man m male. Abdomittfll xctniu &cva
i I
hInSuAnMfnJstf.O1"*12./y.^cr2' Vl-arv4ae,la2rpvauep.al4skipnuspa[lANsIkCi]ns 6din-e8si(n3.1nu-m3b,3e.1rluonngdeilelslsuutihsatnerIni/l*crnsii\n.lSeentgateh.olOct-h.tecri
all sam|e data; 1 larva, sampled 27 m fi92 [SAM|. characters as in male
Oihcrmaterial lOc/c, 10v 9|SAM| 5tfOr^5 v Mahtrt- f«nn (f(gg M-IS
j||SlUAJSMSN|NM,Mj,|5. lUa)1r0vpaueppau|epI,aJlaSlNlsMsk|ai,nmsealld|acStoaAllMae|sc.theodl5owtiyptpuhep.haol5loltsakyripvnaese 3H1e)C,aodlleocnaugprtshuplaoelfepwooisrdtatenhrgoMellatTpefofrtlaal[l9o0ldeenug&ts1hi,oIuklfs>lgm1t0lmla7m(31.[7t9fn_(\MI2Mnc
Antenna 14 /an H3 15) Sternal spatula bilobalc. III
Biugtuwb
/an (108 116) in length with apical enlargement fii
Wings with R^ joining C at wineMapes. Ks abseii" /<iii \(U 74) in width and incision >4 fint |3I - ^Si
R, toining C at wing mid-length. |r absenl, M, in depth. Area around spatula not sclen>iio.-d. A]tV5
weakly developed. Cil forked. St cell opaque dorsal, One pair ot sternal papillae on thoracic and
Plagcllomeres 12 in number, cylindrical with shorl firsttoseventhabdominal segments. Onepairof ventral
necks, 11rst and second not fused. Willi ShOH andSlOUt papillae on collar, second and thudthoracic and tost
setae and hearing anastomosing slightly appresscd to eighth abdominal segments. Two pairs of lateial
circumfiln, Male flagellomeres all about same teoglh papillae on ihoraetc segnients. Pleural papillae* first
lemalc ones, especially the apical ihree. successively and \U\rd thoracic and last to eiehtli abdoi
and progressively shorter Tarsus; first segment segmentswithone pair, seeond ihotncic seementwilh
substantially shorter than second, hearing ventmapical two pairs. Dorsal papillae: collar, third lhaKipf and
spine: claws.simple;empodialongerthanclaws. Male last twoabdominal segments with one pair, \ttai iwo
tcnuinaliu. gonocovites iree venlrally. short, with small thoracicand first toseventhabdominal segments*with
apical lobe; gonostylussituated dorsatlyongonocoxiie. twopans. The setae on lateral papillae 3 -5 /ait lOIJgi
sh»hi. bearingIwoteeth mergedbasally! hypoproctand ttl06* on other papillae 4 - 20 /an long
ccrci bilobalc: aedeagus long, stout, taperingdistally
female abdominal slenutc7about three times longer Pupa IPigs 16-18)
than stcrniteb. Ovipositor: elongate, scleroti/ed. with Colour; antentnd horns, prothoracie spuaeles and
large basal lobes; ccrci fused, glabrous, bearing tew dorsal spinesdark brown tcinaiiiuiL: pailspalebipwr]
microsvtae Total length 10 miti (2 7 V2) Aiucnnal horns
Mah' (Hgs U7j triangular, setrated, IM ffl\ (147 - !S2) in leueih
Colour- selcroiued pansofbody dark brown, setae Cephalic papillae with seta 34 ;<m (36 - 44). Upper
and scales black, non-sclcrotized parts ot abdomen and lower frontal horns absent. Two paas of lower
o1raInmgem. (W1.i0n-g1l.2e)n.gtWhi2n.g4mmemmb(rraannegeaLnd2v-ei2n.s6)d,ewnisdeltyh ,ffa/accmii)aallanppdaappiiollnlleaaee,,aseeeaaicochsheccoponatipsMiiSlsLltiairniggTowoffoottnwreioplsesetetst'oossoeet(ll5aaih-eoiua1il5
covered with setae, 55 - 120 (im, microtrichia dense.
about0.5/mi long. Flagellomereswithsloul setae, 33- 2 /am papdtae and one asetosc papilla. P%l'Othorft* '
38 /an. more or less equally positioned on the hornwilhtracheaendingill itsmid-Icnglh. /an\X1
^cL'incnts Cireumfila: two long and two shorl 103) long Seeond toeighthabdominal segmentswith
longitudinal bandswith long bandsconnected toeach twopairsofdorsal papillae(lengthofsetae 8 13 flftuf.
ioi1thtehiebsyhotrrtanbsavnedrsseactitraccuhleadrobnanbdosthoennbdosthtoeonndes,olea(ehhe ottwovepnittruaslopfappilleluareal(1p2ap-i1l4la/ealt(),NDo3i1v/d<rns)pamnedsosnuenppl*rii,
long ones by djittt transverse arch; die transverse 46 - lf)4 in numberandH- 41 /an in length, w,th length
and numberincreasing fromsecond to nrnth %cgmenb,
circular bands on the distal end t»J the flugellomere
arched strongly, bye facets rounded, eye bridge 8-° dull (lay. ©]
facets long. Mamillary palpus3Of4 segmented, often
msipdecfiimghetnsmawxiiltlhardyifpfearlepnutsncaunmbbeerIboulnds:eghmoewnetvesr,intolteaftl onmTthemirsmisnpaelcibersanfcohrmsmstmesmusbgalnodbulleaarfmntaomnolvheianlsa,nigoluasbrgoauJsls
length ol both palpi about the same. Palpigerweafc.lv 4 long and 3 in diameter, gieen fa colour
developed. Legs covered with setae and scales, the One larva occupies each gall. Pupation takes ptaee
litter serrated at distal end inside thegall. Circularnecrotizedtissueare;i, hmwn
incolour, appearstinthetop»tfthegall beforethepup.i
Frmnlv (Figs 8-12) cuts a circular opening with its autennaJ horn by
Wing length2.6mm(2.6 - 2,7), width 1,2mm(1,2 moving ilsbodyupanddown. The lid 10thisopening
IJ). Flagellomeres with stout setae,. 30 35 /mi remains attached to ihe gall by a thin strip of muni
Oircumhlacomprising twotransverse bandsconnected tissue. The pupa raises two thirds of as bod\ QlltMfc
hy two short longitudinal bands. Claws somewhat the gall shortly befote eniergcnec ffl ailu11 On 24
A NEW SPECIES OF CECIDOMYIIDAE FROM DODONAEA VISCOSA |73
Figs 1-7. MaleOfAsphonthiiadodonaeaesp. nov. I.Lastthreeflagellomeres. 2. Sixthflagelloinere. 3. Wing.4. Firsllarsomere.
5. Last tarsomere with elaw and empodium. 6. Head in frontal view. 7. Genitalia indorsal view. Scale bars = 100 pjtl.
174 P. KOLESIK
8
10 11 12
Figs 8-12. Female ofA.sphondylia dodonaeae sp. nov. 8. Sixth flagellomere. 9. Mouth parts in frontal view. 10. Antenna.
II. End ofabdomen in lateral view. 12, End ofovipositor in ventro-lateral view. Scale bars = 100 /xm.
A NEW SPECIES OF CECIDOMY1IDAE FROM DODONAEA VtSCOSA 175
15 14
Figaisnbd1do3omr1is8an.laAlsvpisehewog.tmueh15nl.tisaLadisnolddtoownrosuaclaabcvdiosepmw.i.nnoa1vl8..s1Pe3rg-o1mt5ehnolrtarasveaii.en1ds6op-ri1sr8aoc-pllueap.tae.rSac1la3l.veiSetbwea.rrnsa1l6=.spAan1tt0ue0lrai/.moir1.4.paHrteaidncvaepnsturalleavinedw.col1l7.arLsaesgtmetnwto
.
17*1 P KOI ! -.IK.
pupal skins inopenings. Oneachot'the latteroccasion.-
a few dried galls from the previous generation were
piv-eul"U the shrubs. The speeies seems lo have LW
generations in the area surveyed - adults oJ Ihe firsl
generation appear possibly trom January td r-ebruiirv
and those ot the second exoneration from Seplembet
to Ot u>her
EtYmoltwy
Thespeeds name tsderived trom thegCWfc rWWK
of llie hosl plant
Remark*
The new species ean he assigned to the genus
/Uf-thnrtrfylia because 'he lemalc seventh abdominal
slcrnile is more than 1.5 times longerthan the sixth
the male genilalia have a venlroapical <!onoco\al lohe
and dots;illv situated ponnsiylus thai isabout 11$ hro.ul
as lone, combined with the first tarsomeres having u
ventrodiMal spine, the yonoslylusbearing two basiilly
merged icclhandtheoviposilorhaving largebasal 1<>U--
(Gugne 1994). Within the genus Axphondylia U is
distinguished t'rnniotherspecies hy lacking both upper
and lower Ironlal horns in the pupa.
Acknowledgments
TUt- Ministry of'Environment and Planning, South
»M("Mifact], siih>p. sfutrhuhtM iSniitli)J G West Scale Australia, kindly permitted flection within the nature
Kir — 2 eifi- conservation parks ofMorialta and Clcland. Martin
C, Ol.eary. State Herbarium d\' South Australia
Adelaide, courteously identified the host plant fipft ic$,
November 1992. the vast majority qf the galls were I am grateful lo David B. Hirst, South Australian
dried, only a tew o! them still contained larvae. On Museum. Natural Science. John D Gray. University
1 January 1993. the galls were fresh and contained i)l Adelaide. Department o\ Horticulture, VitieuJture
immature larvae. On 2d Scplemher 1993. most ofthe and OftlolOg) and Raymond J. Ciagne, Systematic
gallswereoccupied by pupae, witha tewoccupied by Hnlomology Laboratory, l.'SDA, Washington DC ISA
larvae and u few already empty. Kmpty galls retained lot (heircommentsonanearlydrall ol themanuscript
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