Asian Cities Globalization, Urbanization and Nation-Building

273 Pages·2011·16.221 MB·English

by  Malcolm McKinnon

Exploring Asian urbanization under the radar MM
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Asian Cities challenges Western theories of globalization and urban growth Kl
ic AsiAn Cities
with a fresh and stimulating look at cities in developing Asia. It questions no
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the status accorded globalization in explaining contemporary Asian cities, oM
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arguing instead that they are being transformed by three major forces –
urbanization and nation-building as well as globalization. The first two are
Globalization, Urbanization
not dependent variables of globalization, although all, in the late 20th and A
early 21st centuries, have been shaped by capitalism.
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The book reaches beyond the usual focus on metropolitan and Nation-Building
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centers to examine urban life in a sample of middle-sized
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cities representative of hundreds of such urban centers
throughout the Asian continent. In sum, it examines N
developing Asian cities in their own terms rather

than as variants of Western cities.
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I
E
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This is a nuanced
study grounded in
quantitative findings but
enriched by qualitative
research that both provides
additional evidence and –
together with many
maps and illustrations –
brings the findings alive.
MalcolM
www.niaspress.dk
McKinnon
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AsiAn Cities
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niAs – nordic institute of Asian studies
Monograph Series
98. Alexandra Kent: Divinity and Diversity
99. somchai Phatharathananunth: Civil Society and Democratization
100. nordin Hussin: Trade and Society in the Straits of Melaka
101. Anna-Greta nilsson Hoadley: Indonesian Literature vs New Order Orthodoxy
102. Wil O. Dijk: 17th-Century Burma and the Dutch East India Company 1634–1680
103. Judith Richell: Disease and Demography in Colonial Burma
104. Dagfinn Gatu: Village China at War
105. Marie Højlund Roesgaard: Japanese Education and the Cram School Business
106. Donald M. seekins: Burma and Japan Since 1940
107. Vineeta sinha: A New God in the Diaspora?
108. Mona Lilja: Power, Resistance and Women Politicians in Cambodia
109. Anders Poulsen: Childbirth and Tradition in Northeast Thailand
110. R.A. Cramb: Land and Longhouse
111. Deborah sutton: Other Landscapes
112. søren ivarsson: Creating Laos
113. Johan Fischer: Proper Islamic Consumption
114. sean turnell: Fiery Dragons
115. Are Knudsen: Violence and Belonging
116. noburu ishikawa: Between Frontiers
117. Jan Ovesen and ing-Britt trankell: Cambodians and Their Doctors
118. Kirsten endres: Performing the Divine
119. Gerhard Hoffstaedter: Modern Muslim Identities
120. Malcolm McKinnon: Asian Cities
niAs Press is the autonomous publishing arm of niAs – nordic institute of Asian studies,
a research institute located at the University of Copenhagen. niAs is partially funded
by the governments of Denmark, Finland, iceland, norway and sweden via the nordic
Council of Ministers, and works to encourage and support Asian studies in the nordic
countries. in so doing, niAs has been publishing books since 1969, with more than two
hundred titles produced in the past few years.
UniVeRsity OF COPenHAGen nordic Council of Ministers
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Asian Cities
Globalization, Urbanization and Nation-Building
Malcolm McKinnon
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nordic institute of Asian studies
Monograph series, no. 120
First published in 2011 by niAs Press
niAs – nordic institute of Asian studies
Leifsgade 33, 2300 Copenhagen s, Denmark
tel: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
e-mail: [email protected] • Online: www.niaspress.dk
© Malcolm McKinnon 2011
All rights reserved.
Malcolm McKinnon asserts his moral right to be
identified as the author of this work.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
McKinnon, Malcolm.
Asian cities : globalization, urbanization and
nation-building. -- (niAs monographs ; 120)
1. Cities and towns--Asia--Growth. 2. Urbanization--
Asia. 3. nation-building--Asia. 4. Globalization--Asia.
i. title ii. series
307.1’416’095-dc22
isBn: 978-87-7694-078-2 (hbk)
isBn: 978-87-7694-079-9 (pbk)
typesetting by niAs Press
Printed in Singapore by Mainland Press
Cover photograph: City edge, yangzhou, with Grand
Canal in middle distance. Photo by Avenal McKinnon.
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Contents
Figures and illustrations vi
Preface and acknowledgements ix
Glossary and abbreviations xiii
Part 1: Introduction
1. Globalization, Asian cities and Western cities 3
Part 2: Urbanization and cities
2. Urbanization and the Asian city 37
3. Urbanism and the Asian city 71
Part 3: Nation-building and Asian cities
4. Businesses and cities 111
5. Migrants and cities 138
6. travelers and cities 159
7. Commercial popular culture and cities 180
Part 4: Looking ahead
8. Asian cities and twenty-first century globalization 209
Bibliography 235
Index 251
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Asian Cities
Figures and illustrations
(All photographs copyright the author unless otherwise stated)
1.1 World population density, 2000 10
1.2 Asia population points, 2000 12
1.3 yangzhou and shanghai location map 29
1.4 Jakarta and semarang location map 31
1.5 Bangalore and Mysore location map 33
2.1 Bangalore location map 42
2.2 street in Gandhinagar, near the Majestic bus stand 48
2.3 street scene, Kengeri satellite town 51
2.4 Kaveri water tank advertisement, Kengeri 53
2.5 Central Java location map 56
2.6 Domestic setting, Jatisari 58
2.7 yangzhou location map 60
2.8 yangzhou city edge neighborhood 64
3.1 newsstand and employee, Mysore 80
3.2 Baiturrochim mosque, semarang 88
3.3 sabarimala trip information, Bangalore 89
3.4 Ceremony prior to departure for sabarimala 90
3.5 Church advertising for wedding business, yangzhou 93
3.6 Advertisement for paying guests, Kengeri 97
3.7 Women workers in yangzhou cafeteria 101
4.1 China as real estate – street advertising in yangzhou 116
4.2 Metal trading area near the Grand Canal, yangzhou 119
4.3 Grand Canal neighborhood, yangzhou 120
4.4 sidomuncul street advertisement, semarang 127
4.5 Big Bazaar store, Mysore 129
5.1 trilingual restaurant sign in Jalahalli, Bangalore 143
5.2 information for migrant workers, yangzhou 151
5.3 Workshop and workers in semarang 154
6.1 Motel 168 lobby, yangzhou 161
6.2 Hotel advertisements, Bandungan 167
6.3 temple information, Chamundi Hill, Mysore 169
6.4 “toy street”, shou Xi Hu, yangzhou 177
vi
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Contents
7.1 Learning the Kannada alphabet 183
7.2 Advertisement for Hindi movie 189
7.3 Advertisement featuring Jay Chou 197
7.4 indonesian singer and performer, tompi 201
8.1 Percentage of foreign-born in selected cities, c. 2005 227
8.2 Asia population density , 2000 232
vii
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Preface and acknowledgements
if this book had one starting point it was the experience of visiting a number
of Asian cities in the late 1990s and early 2000s and being struck by the
absence of the large populations of foreign-born migrants which were such
a characteristic of cities in the western world at that time. this study is not
only about that phenomenon and that contrast, but both provided a trigger
for researching the many different ways that globalization has played out in
Asian as compared with Western cities.
that research was carried out over many years and in many places and has
accumulated a correspondingly lengthy list of debts which it is a pleasure to
acknowledge.
the Japan Foundation and the United states–new Zealand educational
Foundation (the Fulbright program) both provided fellowships that allowed
me to research facets of this project at Kyushu University (Faculty of Law)
and Harvard University (Center for european studies). i am particularly
indebted to shigeru imasato at the former institution and Peter Hall and
Patricia Craig at the latter.
i am indebted to many colleagues in the new Zealand Asian studies
society for support and encouragement for this project, including those who
courageously offered to read and respond to all or parts of the text: sekhar
Bandyopadhyay, Duncan Campbell, Paul Clark, stephen epstein, Pauline
Keating, Hui Luo, Graeme Macrae, Brian Moloughney and Vanessa Ward.
i am indebted to other colleagues who also read and responded to all or
parts of the text. they included A. Bellette, n. Besnier, M. Biggs, J. Black, B.
easton, H. Franklin, M. Gifkins, G. Hawke, M. Hilton, M. Hutching, K. Kane,
A. Kember, U. Ladurner, M. Lomax, F. Mehring, V. Mence, P. Parkinson, M.
Pointer, R. Rabel, B. schrader, R. tristram and C. Wilton. Osama Ashoor and
L. K. Mcewing offered much encouragement.
i wish to thank the school of History, Philosophy, Political science and
international Relations at Victoria University of Wellington for providing a
ix
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