Artificial Photosynthesis: A photovoltaic perspective PDF
Preview Artificial Photosynthesis: A photovoltaic perspective
Artificial Photosynthesis: A photovoltaic perspective Joel Ager Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis and Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory UCB EECS Solid State Seminar Berkeley, CA December 9, 2011 Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-1 Acknowledgment and Disclaimer Acknowledgment: This material is based upon work performed by the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub, supported through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Award Number DE-SC0004993. Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy,completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-2 What is “artificial photosynthesis”? Why might it be of interest? What does this logo mean? Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-3 What is Carbon Cycle 2.0? • This Energy & Environment initiative defines an overarching Lab mission directed at the most important and challenging issue facing mankind Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-4 Carbon Cycle 1.0: Natural Carbon Cycle 0.15 Gt C/yr Transfer rate from geologic reservoirs to surface: 0.15 Gt C/yr Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-5 Current open-ended C cycle Future balanced C cycle Carbon Cycle 1.x (2011 AD) Carbon Cycle 2.0 (2100 AD?) Transfer rate from geologic reservoirs Goal: 2x to 3x more energy production but driven by burning fossil fuels = 9 Gt C/yr with less than 1/3 of 2010 C emissions Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-6 LBNL Research – Carbon Cycle 2.0 Initiative Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-7 Let’s look at the energy landscape Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-8 Look at all that “fossil fuel” 86% fossil fuels US budget ~ 100 Quads 1 TW x 1 year = 30 Quads Units are Quads = 1015 BTU ~ 1018 joule (EJ) Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-9 Solar, in perspective Solar 0.006 Quads = 1.7 TW-hr 5 MWp solar farm Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant 2 x 1100 MW reactors Ran at 90% capacity in 2006: 18 TW-hr Altamont Wind Turbines 576 MW capacity, 125 MW on average 1.1 TW-hr yearly average Ager, EECS Seminar, 1/27/12-10
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