Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2021: 30th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Bratislava, Slovakia, September 14–17, 2021, Proceedings, Part III PDF
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Economic Geography Paweł Churski Tomasz Herodowicz Barbara Konecka-Szydłowska Robert Perdał European Regional Development Contemporary Regional and Local Perspectives of Socio-Economic and Socio-Political Changes Economic Geography SeriesEditors Dieter Kogler , UCD School of Architecture, Planning & Environmental Policy, UniversityCollegeDublin,Belfield,Dublin,Ireland Peter Dannenberg , Geographisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Cologne, Nordrhein-Westfalen,Germany AdvisoryEditors NuriYavan ,DepartmentofGeography,AnkaraUniversity,Ankara,Turkey PäiviOinas ,TurkuSchoolofEconomics,UniversityofTurku,Turku,Finland MichaelWebber ,SchoolofGeography,UniversityofMelbourne,Carlton,VIC, Australia DavidRigby,DepartmentofGeography,UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,Los Angeles,CA,USA Thisbookseriesservesasabroadplatformforscientificcontributionsinthefieldof Economic Geography and its sub-disciplines. 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Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/15653 ł (cid:129) (cid:129) Pawe Churski Tomasz Herodowicz ł (cid:129) ł Barbara Konecka-Szyd owska Robert Perda European Regional Development Contemporary Regional and Local Perspectives of Socio-Economic and Socio-Political Changes PawełChurski TomaszHerodowicz FacultyofHumanGeography FacultyofHumanGeography andPlanning andPlanning AdamMickiewiczUniversity AdamMickiewiczUniversity Poznań,Poland Poznań,Poland BarbaraKonecka-Szydłowska RobertPerdał FacultyofHumanGeography FacultyofHumanGeography andPlanning andPlanning AdamMickiewiczUniversity AdamMickiewiczUniversity Poznań,Poland Poznań,Poland This monograph is a concise presentation and summary of the major outcomes of the FORSEDresearchproject(http://www.forsed.amu.edu.pl)financedbytheNationalScience Centre(OPUS10-2015/19/B/HS5/00012):Newregionalpolicychallengesintheformation offactors ofthesocioeconomic development ofless advancedregions. ISSN2520-1417 ISSN2520-1425 (electronic) EconomicGeography ISBN978-3-030-84658-9 ISBN978-3-030-84659-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84659-6 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 ContemporarySpatialDiversityofDevelopment— UnderstandingandMotivation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 ResearchApproach—PurposeandScopeoftheStudy. . . . . . . . . 11 1.3 StructureoftheBook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2 MegatrendsofSocioeconomicChanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.1 WorldofChanges—TheSpaceofChanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2 Megatrends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.2.1 Transformation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.2.2 EconomicIntegration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.2.3 Globalization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.2.4 Postmodernization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.3 EuropeanGeographyoftheImpactofMegatrendsandthe DiversificationofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3 ContemporaryChallengesofRegionalDevelopmentinEurope. . . . 49 3.1 RegionalDevelopmentandItsFactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.1.1 TheoreticalBasics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.1.2 TypologyandSystematization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 3.1.3 DirectionandTrendsofChange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.2 EuropeanRegionalPolicy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 3.2.1 ChallengesandGoals. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . 72 3.2.2 ParadigmsandTheirOperationalization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 3.2.3 Place-BasedPolicyasaChanceforFuture Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 v vi Contents 4 RethinkingRegionalDevelopmentFactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 4.1 AssumptionsofthePlace-BasedPolicy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 4.2 SystematizationoftheRethinkingofFactorsandIts Geography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 4.2.1 HumanCapital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 4.2.2 SocialCapital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 4.2.3 MaterialCapital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.2.4 FinancialCapital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 4.2.5 Innovations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 4.3 RethinkingPlace-BasedPolicy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 5 Cross-CountryEvidenceontheRedefinitionofFactors ofRegionalDevelopmentandItsImpactonSpatialDisparities intheEuropeanUnion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 5.1 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 5.2 TypologyofDifferencesofSocioeconomicDevelopment. . . . . . . 167 5.2.1 LevelofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 5.2.2 DynamicsofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 5.2.3 TypologyofDifferences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 5.3 TrajectoryofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 5.4 FactorsofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 6 SpecificityandChallengesofLessDevelopedAreas–Polish Experiences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 6.1 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 6.2 RegionalandSubregionalDisparities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 6.2.1 TypologyofDifferencesofSocioeconomic Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 6.2.2 TrajectoryofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 6.2.3 FactorsofDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 6.3 ContemporaryPerspectivesofRegionalDevelopmentand SocioeconomicChanges–ACaseofWielkopolska. . . . . . . . . . . 268 6.3.1 DevelopmentBackground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 6.3.2 CaseStudies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 6.3.3 TerritorialCapitalasaMetafactorofDevelopment. . . . . . 277 6.3.4 ContemporaryChallenges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 6.3.5 Synthesis:FactorsofSocioeconomicDevelopment– TerritorialCapital–NewRegionalPolicyChallenges. . . . 336 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 Contents vii 7 FutureofRegionalPolicy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 7.1 Economic,Social,andPoliticalChallengesPost2020Period. . . . . 345 7.2 RecommendationforOperationalChange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 7.3 EpilogueDuetotheSocioeconomicConsequencesofthe SARS-CoV-2Pandemic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 List of Figures Fig.2.1 Keycontemporarymegatrendsofsocioeconomicdevelopment (ownelaboration)..................................................... 26 Fig.2.2 Mainpresent-daysocioeconomictransformations—megatrends (ownelaboration)..................................................... 29 Fig.3.1 Maintheoreticalcurrentsexplainingcontemporarypatternsof regionaldevelopment(ownelaboration)............................ 52 Fig.3.2 Evolutionofthetheoreticalinterpretationoftheimpactof developmentfactorsonthegroundofeconomicsandeconomic geography(ownelaboration)......................................... 56 Fig.3.3 Regionaldevelopmentfactors(ownelaboration).................. 62 Fig.3.4 Impactofmegatrendsonregionaldevelopmentfactors(own elaboration)............................................................ 66 Fig.3.5 Objectives,prioritiesandpillarsofthereformofterritorially orientedcohesionpolicygovernance(ownelaborationbasedon Barca2009)............................................................ 86 Fig.4.1 Theoreticalregularitiesoftheplace-basedpolicy(own elaboration)............................................................ 98 Fig.4.2 Triad:territorialcapital—developmentdiffusion—institutional factors(ownelaboration)............................................. 102 Fig.4.3 DiffusionofinnovationaccordingtoRogers(1962)............... 105 Fig.4.4 Developmentdiffusionintheregionalurbansystem(own elaboration)............................................................ 107 Fig.4.5 Uniquecharacteristicsofpublicplace-basedpolicies(own elaboration)............................................................ 112 Fig.4.6 Typologyofregionaldevelopmentfactors(ownelaboration).... 113 Fig.4.7 Stagesoftheresearchprocessinthesystematizationofthe rethinkingoffactors(ownelaboration)............................. 114 Fig.4.8 Modeloftheoperationalconcretizationofdevelopmentfactors inimplementingaplace-basedpolicy(ownelaboration).......... 138 ix x ListofFigures Fig.5.1 LevelofsocioeconomicdevelopmentofEUMemberStates (ownelaboration)..................................................... 168 Fig.5.2 LevelofsocioeconomicdevelopmentofregionsUE(own elaboration)............................................................ 170 Fig.5.3 DynamicsofthesocioeconomicdevelopmentofEUMember States(ownelaboration).............................................. 173 Fig.5.4 DynamicsofthesocioeconomicdevelopmentofEUregions (ownelaboration)..................................................... 175 Fig.5.5 TypologyofEUregionsastothelevelanddynamicsof socioeconomicdevelopment(ownelaboration).................... 179 Fig.5.6 Changesinthevalueofthesyntheticlevelofsocioeconomic developmentindexofEUcountriesbysyntheticlevelof developmentclasses(ownelaboration)............................. 182 Fig.5.7 Distributionofthevariabilityofthevalueofthesynthetic indicatorofthelevelofsocioeconomicdevelopmentofregions forEUcountriesintheperiod2004–2017(ownelaboration)..... 182 Fig.5.8 Changesinthevalueofthesyntheticindicatorofthelevelof socioeconomicdevelopmentofselectedEUcountriesbyregion (ownelaboration)..................................................... 185 Fig.5.9 Changesinthevalueofthesyntheticindicatorofthedynamicsof socioeconomicdevelopmentofselectedEUcountriesbyregion (ownelaboration)..................................................... 186 Fig.5.10 Variabilityofthesyntheticindicatorofthesocioeconomic developmentlevelinregionsperEUMemberStatesin2004 and2016(ownelaboration).......................................... 187 Fig.5.11 ChangesofPPSpercapitavaluesingroupsofEUMember States(ownelaboration).............................................. 189 Fig.5.12 Timeautocorrelation(Pearson)ofthevalueofthesocioeconomic developmentlevel(SED)andPPSpercapita(PPS)ingroupsof EUMemberStatesbycountry(left)andbyregional(right)(own elaboration)............................................................ 191 Fig.5.13 Thelevelofinequalityinsocioeconomicdevelopment(DEV)and economicgrowth(PPS)forEUcountriesandregionsintermsof threeinequalityindices:(a)Williamsonindex,(b)Giniindex,and (c)Theilindex(ownelaboration).................................... 193 Fig.5.14 TypologyofEUregionsastosocioeconomicdevelopmentlevels andPPSpercapitaas%ofEU28average(ownelaboration)..... 195 Fig.5.15 MeanregressionresidualsperEUMemberStates(own elaboration)............................................................ 202 Fig.5.16 Valuesofthedeterminationfactorandregressionparameter b1inEUregions(ownelaboration)................................. 205 Fig.5.17 MeanregressionresidualsinEUregions(ownelaboration)...... 206 Fig.6.1 AdministrativedivisionofPolandwiththespatiallayoutofthe biggestcities(ownelaboration)...................................... 224
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