Artificial Intelligence and Other Innovative Computer Applications in the Nuclear Industry

865 Pages·1988·29.943 MB·English

by  F. Schmidt (auth.), M. Catherine Majumdar, Debu Majumdar, John I. Sackett (eds.)

Artificial Intelligence
and Other Innovative
Computer Applications
in the Nuclear Industry
Artificial Intelligence
and Other Innovative
Computer Applications
in the Nuclear Industry
Edited by
M. Catherine Majumdar
Westinghouse Idaho Nuclear Corporation
Idaho Falls, Idaho
Debu Majumdar
u.s.
Department of Energy
Idaho Operations Office
Idaho Falls, Idaho
and
John I. Sackett
Argonne National Laboratory West
Idaho Falls, Idaho
Plenum Press • New York and London
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
American Nuclear Society Topical Meeting on Artificial Intelligence and Other In
novative Computer Applications (1987: Snowbird, Utah)
Artificial intelligence and other innovative computer applications in the nuclear in
dustry / edited by M. Catherine Majumdar, Debu Majumdar, and John I. Sackett.
p. cm.
"Proceedings of the American Nuclear Society Topical Meeting on Artificial In
telligence and Other Innovative Computer Applications, held August 31-September 2,
1987, in Snowbird, Utah"-T.p. verso.
Includes bibliographies and indexes.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-8290-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-1009-9
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-1009-9
1. Nuclear industry-Data processing-Congresses. 2. Artificial intelligence
Industrial applications-Congresses. I. Majumdar, M. Catherine. II. Majumdar, D.
(Debu) III. Sackett, John I. IV. Title.
TK9006.A48 1987 88-9396
621.48'3'028563 -dcl9 CIP
Proceedings of the American Nuclear Society Topical Meeting on Artificial
Intelligence and Other Innovative Computer Applications,
held August 31-September 2, 1987, in Snowbird, Utah
© 1988 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1988
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
This conference brought together experts from 15 countries to
discuss application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques
to the nuclear industry. It was apparent from the meeting that
even those active in the field were surprised at the extent of
work and the progress made. There was a strong impression that
application of this technology to nuclear power plants is
inevitable. The benefits to improved operation, design, and
safety are simply too significant to be ignored.
This is a much different conclusion than might have been
reached a few years ago when the technology was new and people
were struggling to understand its significance. We believe
that this meeting reflects a major turning point for the
technology. It has moved from being a topic understood only by
specialists to a situation where users are the most active
people in the field.
A broad array of innovative work is described from all of the
participating countries. The activity in the u.s. is large and
diverse. Although there is no nationally focussed policy for
AI research in the U.S., many of these activities are reported
here. Japan and France have a strong drive to integrate AI
technology into their nuclear plants, and this is reflecteq in
these proceedings.
There is now a sense of excitement about what can be achieved,
a refreshing departure from the often defensive posture taken
in nuclear power development these days. The excitement stems
from recognition that the technology has the potential to
greatly expand our capabilities as designers and operators. To
take but one example, great strides have been made in
developing systems that can diagnose the condition of the plant
and provide options for response. Artificial Intelligence work
has not yet led to extensive automation, but it will.
There was much discussion at the meeting about the fact that
Artificial Intelligence is a poor title for this work:
Knowledge engineering comes closer to what is being achieved.
We hope that you will find these proceedings both interesting
and useful. This is an emerging field that will affect us all.
J. Curtis Haire,
General Chairman
Debu Majumdar and John I. Sackett,
Technical Program Co-Chairmen
v
MEETING OFFICIALS
General Chairman J. Curtis Haire
EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Program Co-Chairman Debu Majumdar
U.S. Department of Energy
Idaho Operations Office
Program Co-Chairman John I. Sackett
Argonne National Laboratory-West
Arrangements Richard W. Lindsay
Argonne National Laboratory-West
Finance Orville R. Meyer
EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Registration Carl H. Cooper
EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Exhibits Glen A. Mortensen
EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Publications M. Catherine Majumdar
Westinghouse Idaho Nuclear Co.
Public Information George A. Freund
Science Applications, Inc.
Guest Program Karen Sackett
Registration Betty Haire and Marge Lindsay
Desk
CO-SPONSORS
Idaho Section of the American Nuclear Society
European Nuclear Society
ANS Human Factors Division
ANS Remote Systems Technology Division
vi
PROGRAM COMMITTEE
Technical Program Co-Chairmen - Debu Majumdar, U.S. Department
of Energy - Idaho Operations Office and John I. Sackett,
Argonne National Laboratory-West
A.D. Alley ............. General Electric Company
Hakan Andersson ........ Studsvik Energiteknik
Bill Bertch ............ General Dynamics, Inc.
Paul Blanch ............ Northeast Utilities Service Co.
William V. Botts ....... EI International, Inc.
Michael Bray ........... EG&G Idaho, Inc.
John S. Brtis .......... Sargent and Lundy
David Cain ............. EPRI
Allen Christie ......... Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Robert Colley .......... EPRI
Gail A. Cordes ......... Intermountain Technologies, Inc.
Brent Dixon ............ EG&G Idaho, Inc.
James Dukelow, Jr ...... Boeing Computer Service
Robert Engelmore ....... Stanford University
Jerry D. Griffith ...... U.S. Department of Energy
Dennis Harrison ........ U.S. Department of Energy
James P. Jenkins ....... U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
C. Edward Johnson ...... Westinghouse Idaho Nuclear Co.
Harry Julian .......... , Volian Enterprises, Inc.
Jan G. Kretzschmar ..... SCK/CEN Informatics
Bob Lang ............... Middle South Services Company
Henry Makowitz ......... EG&G Idaho, Inc.
William Nelson ......... EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Pedro J. Otaduy ........ Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Howard Rohm ............ U.S. Department of Energy
Gary Sandquist ......... University of Utah
Donald Schurman ........ EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Devin Smith ............ S.U.N.Y., Stony Brook
Bob Stiger ............. Delian Corporation
Al Sudduth ............. Duke Power Company
Gilles Zwingelstein .... Electricite de France
PAPER REVIEWERS
John Sackett ........... Argonne National Laboratory-West
Debu Majumdar .......... U.S. Department of Energy
Jan Kretzschmar ........ SCK/CEN Informatics
Hakan Andersson ........ Studsvik Energiteknik
Paul Blanch ............ Northeast Utility Service Co.
John Brtis ............. Sargent and Lundy
Henry Makowitz ......... EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Mike Bray .............. EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Al Sudduth ............. Duke Power Company
Gary Sandquist ......... University of Utah
Jim Jenkins ............ U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Brent Dixon ............ EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Rich Mark .............. Volian Enterprises
Jim Dukelow ............ Boeing Computer Service
Gail A. Cordes ......... Intermountain Technologies, Inc.
Pedro J. Otaduy ........ Oak Ridge National Laboratory
C. Edward Johnson ...... Westinghouse Idaho Nuclear Co.
Bill Nelson ............ EG&G Idaho, Inc.
Howard Rohm ............ U.S. Department of Energy
Bob Stiger ............. Delian Corporation
SESSION CHAIRMEN
A.D. Alley C.W. Johnson
General Electric Co. Westinghouse Idaho Nuclear
Co.
H. Andersson H. Julian
Studsvik Energiteknik Vol ian Enterprises, Inc.
T. Bjorlo T. Kiguchi
Institutt for Energiteknikk Hitachi Energy Research
Laboratory
P. Blanch J. Kvetzchmar
Northeast Utilities Service Co. SCK/CEN Informatics
W.V. Botts R.W. Lindsay
EI International, Inc. Argonne National Laboratory
West
M.A. Bray H. Makowitz
EG&G Idaho, Inc. EG&G Idaho, Inc.
J. Brtis P. Malvache
Sargent and Lundy CEA, France
P.C. Cacciabue K. Monta
Joint Research Centre Ispra Nippon Atomic Industry Group
D. Cain J. Mott
Electric Power Research EI International, Inc.
Institute
A. Christie W. Nelson
Westinghouse Electric Corp. EG&G Idaho, Inc.
G.A. Cordes J. Panoussian
Intermountain Technologies, Inc. Framatome
B. Dixon Y. Shinohara
EG&G Idaho, Inc. Japan Atomic Energy Research
Institute
J. Dukelow, Jr. D. Smith
Boeing Computer Service SUNY at Stony Brook
L. Ho Y. Souchet
Institute of Nuclear Energy CEA, France
Research
E. Hollnagel A. Sudduth
Computer Resources International Duke Power Company
A. Jaeschke J.B. Thomas
Nuclear Research Center CEA, France
J. Jenkins G. Zwingelstein
u.s. Nuclear Regulatory Electricite de France
Commission
viii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW
Knowledge Based Systems for Nuclear Applications
in Germany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
F. Schmidt
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the u.S.
Nuclear Industry . . . . . . . . . . 11
R.E. Uhrig
NKA/INF - Advanced Information Technology. • • • . . .• 21
V. Andersen, K. M¢llenbach, R. Heinonen, S. Jakobsson,
T. Kukko, 0. Berg, J.S. Larsen, T. Westgard,
B. Magnusson, H. Andersson, C. Holmstrom, B. Brehmer
and R. Allard
A Survey of Framatome's Expert Systems Activity. . . . .. 29
D. Delaigue and M. Grundstein
Artificial Intelligence Applications for Operation and
Maintenance: Japanese Industry Cases ......... 37
M. Itoh, I. Tai, K. Monta and K. Sekimizu
Development in the Application of Knowledge Base Systems
in the Canadian Nuclear Industry. . . . . . . . 45
J.W.D. Anderson, A. Natalizio, and J.E.S. Stevens
CHAPTER 2
ROBOTICS AND MAINTENANCE
Beyond Human Performance. 53
F.E. Gelhaus
Expert Robots in Nuclear Plants . . .. ........ 59
J.S. Byrd, J.J. Fisher, K.R. DeVries, and T.P. Martin
Reliability Analysis of the Inspection by a Man and a
Robot for the Maintenance of a Nuclear Power Plant . . 69
Y. Oka, H. Araki, and Y. Togo
Automatic Scheduling of Maintenance Work in Nuclear
Power Plants .....................7 7
T. Kasahara, Y. Nishizawa, K. Kato, and T. Kiguchi
The Instrumentation Calibration Reduction Program (ICRP)
at Northeast Utilities ................8 5
R. Wyckoff and P. Blanch
A Knowledge-Based Assistant for Valve Maintenance
Planning . . . . . .. ....... . . . . . 95
M.J. Winter, R.A. Danofsky, B.I. Spinrad,
and K. Howard
Steam Generator Inspection Planning Expert System. . . . . 103
P. Rzasa
CHAPTER 3
ALARM AND SIGNAL VALIDATION
Extra: A Real Time Knowledge-Based Alarm System ...... 113
J. Ancelin, J.P. Gaussot, and P. Legaud
A Nuclear Reactor Alarm Display System Utilizing AI
Techniques for Alarm Filtering ..... . .. 119
D. Corsberg and L. Johnson
An Expert System for Alarm Diagnosis and Filtering .... 127
J.T. Robinson and P.J. Otaduy
Applying AI Techniques to Improve Alarm Display
Effectiveness . . .. ....... ..... 135
J.M. Gross, S.A. Birrer, and D.R. Corsberg
Development of Knowledgebase System for Assisting
Signal Validation Scheme Design . . . . . . . . . . . 141
M. Kitamura, T. Baba, T. Washio, and K. Sugiyama
An Expert System for Sensor Data Validation
and Malfunction Detection . . . . .. ....... 149
S. Hashemi, B.K. Hajek, and D.W. Miller
Smart Sensor Application to Nuclear Plant
Thermocouple Channels . . . . . . . . 157
N.S. Cannon, J.D. Martin, B.A. Patterson, J.L. Stringer,
and B. D. Zimmmerman
An Integrated Approach for Signal Validation in
Nuclear Power Plants . . . . . . . . . 167
B.R. Upadhyaya, T.W. Kerlin, O. Gr6ckler, Z. Frei,
L. Qualls, and V. Morgenstern
CHAPTER 4
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Potential Applications of Advanced Information Technology
in Emergency Management.. . ........... 177
H. Andersson and C. Holmstrom
x
OPA: Operator Advisor, an Emergency Response
Guide and Monitoring System. . . .. . ..... 185
L. Mampaey, P. Moeyaert, F. Bastenaire,
F. Casier, and N.D. Chi
Reactor Emergency Action Level Monitor .......•.. 189
R.A. Touchton
Development of an Accident Management Expert System
for Containment Assessment. . . ..•... 199
W.R. Nelson, D.E. Sebo, and L.N. Haney
An Expert System for Improving Nuclear Emergency
Response ....................... 205
A. Salame-Alfie, G.C. Goldbogen, R.M. Ryan,
W.A. Wallace, and M.L. Yeater
The Knowledge-Based Off-Site Emergency Response System
for a Nuclear Power Plant . . . . . . • • . . . . . . 213
L. Ho, W. Loa, and C. Wang
Reactor Safety Assessment System . . . . . . . . . . 221
D.E. Sebo, M.A. Bray, and M.A. King
A Production-Rule Analysis System for Nuclear Plant
Monitoring and Emergency Response Applications. .. 231
M. Ragheb, L. Tsoukalas, T. McDonough,and M. Parker
CHAPTER 5
PROCESS DIAGNOSTICS AND TRANSIENT ADVISOR
A Generalized System State Analyzer for Plant
Surveillance. . .......•......... 241
J. Mott, R. King and W. Radtke
Developing an Expert System for Monitoring Power
Plant Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
K. Ari, H. Jyrki and R. Jukka
The DISYS Real-Time Diagnostics/Control System and Its
Application to the EBRII. . . . . . . . . . . 259
A.M. Christie and R.W. Lindsay
Accident Diagnosis and Prognosis Aide (ADPA) . . . . . . . 269
A.D. Gunter and R.A. Touchton
Sextant: An Expert System for Transient Analysis of
Nuclear Reactors and Integral Test Facilities ... 273
N. Barbet, M. Dumas, G. Mihelich, Y. Souchet
and J.B. Thomas
Deep Knowledge Expert System for Diagnosis of Multiple
Failure Severe Transients in Nuclear Power Plant. . . 281
R.P. Martin and B. Nassersharif
Digital Data Monitoring Display and Logging - an
Approach to Intelligent Data Display and Control ... 289
E.P. Ficaro and D.K. Wehe
xi