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JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:1 SESS:6 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ARTICLE 81 EC AND PUBLIC POLICY This book discusses the role of public policy in Article 81 of the EC Treaty. The Commission,and recently the Court of First Instance have said that the sole objective of Article81ECisconsumerwelfare.Manycompetitionlawyerssupportthisview.Writingin a crisp, plain style, Townley demonstrates that public policy considerations are still relevantinthatprovision.Healsosuggestshowandwheretheyshouldbeconsidered. The book explains how some of the most complex competition law cases can be understoodandoffersaframeworkforthosefightingordecidingsuchcasesinthefuture. As such, it will be of interest to European competition lawyers, both academics and practitioners; as well as students, seeking a deeper understanding of how the European competition rules work and how they interact both with European Union and Member State public policy goals. It will also help competition economists by revealing the mechanisms through which public policy considerations impact upon the consumer welfaretestinEuropeanlaw. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:2 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:3 SESS:3 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 Article 81 EC and Public Policy Christopher Townley ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:4 SESS:9 OUTPUT:FriSep 409:17:412009 PublishedinNorthAmerica(USandCanada)by HartPublishing c/oInternationalSpecializedBookServices 920NE58thAvenue,Suite300 Portland,OR97213–3786 USA Tel:+15032873093ortoll-free:(1)8009446190 Fax:+15032808832 E-mail:[email protected] Website:http://www.isbs.com ©ChristopherTownley2009 ChristopherTownleyhasassertedhisrightundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,to beidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissionofHartPublishing,oras expresslypermittedbylaworunderthetermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographicrights organisation.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionwhichmaynotbecoveredbytheaboveshould beaddressedtoHartPublishingattheaddressbelow. HartPublishingLtd,16CWorcesterPlace,Oxford,OX12JW Telephone:+44(0)1865517530Fax:+44(0)1865510710 E-mail:[email protected] Website:http://www.hartpub.co.uk BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData DataAvailable ISBN:978-1-84113-968-5 TypesetbyColumnsDesignLimited,Reading,UK PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby TJInternationalLtd,Padstow,Cornwall ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:4/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:5 SESS:8 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ThisbookisdedicatedtoMrF.E.Townley(mygrandad), forhisfriendship,patienceandwisdom. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:3/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:6 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:4/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:7 SESS:8 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 Acknowledgements Work on this book would never have begun had it not been for the support and enthusiasm of one of my favourite lawyers, Anna Bessant. Professors Amato, Motta, Petersmann,UllrichandWhishallmadehelpfulcommentsonthePh.D.thesiswhichled to this book; Giorgio Monti’s 2002 article in the area and his criticism of my work have been invaluable. Since the Ph.D., which I defended at the EUI, Florence, I have received untiring competition law and economics feedback from Giorgio Monti,James MacBeth, Liza Lovdahl Gormsen and Richard Whish.In addition,many have provided support to me (though perhaps you did not know it) both during my stay in Florence and at other times,myfamilyandfriends(particularlyAidanMaddocks,AlexCarter,AlexWaters,Amy Walker,CharlotteMaddocks,ClareTownley,dad,DaveDyer,DavidOsman,FredHouwen, Galina Cornelisse, Heli Askola, Javier San Julian Arrupe, Lorenzo Zucca, Mark Braley, MayaDaoud,MonicaAriñoGutierrez,mum,NeilCarter,OkeOdudu,OslaFraser,Rafael Gafoor, Rob Maddocks, Ross Velton, Srdjan Cvijic, Vittorio Muschitiello and Zahid Naqvi),thankyouall. I would also like to thank my Ph.D.-funding body,the Department for Education and Skills,whichwasextremelygenerous;aswellasKing’sCollegeLondon. Butmostofall,thankyoutoEllieSmith,myanchorthroughallofthiswriting;yougave mesomuch,andmademesowhole.Yourleavinghastornmeintwo,ablueboatbattered on a stormy sea. Though I will never understand, I hope that you have found what you werelookingfor.Ialwaysrememberyou;forever,suddenly. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:5/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:8 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:6/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:9 SESS:9 OUTPUT:FriSep 409:24:382009 Table of Contents Acknowledgements vii ListofAbbreviations xi TableofCases xiii TableofLegislation xxiii Introduction 1 PartA: ConsideringPublicPolicyObjectivesInCompetitionLaw IntroductiontoPartA 11 Chapter1:CompetitionPolicyandPublicPolicyObjectivesinaTheoretical Framework 13 1.Introduction 13 2.WhyCompetitionPolicymightIncludePublicPolicyObjectives 15 3.WhenCompetitionPolicymightIncludePublicPolicyObjectives 28 4.Conclusion 41 Chapter2:CompetitionPolicyandPublicPolicyObjectivesinaCommunityLaw Framework 45 1.Introduction 46 2.InFavourof BalancinginArticle81EC 47 3.ObjectionstoBalancinginArticle81EC 87 4.Conclusion 102 Conclusionof PartA 105 PartB: HowandW hereisPublicPolicyBalancingPerformedin Article81EC? IntroductiontoPartB 111 Chapter3:HowtheBalanceisImplemented–Mere-Balancingin Article81(1)EC 113 1.Introduction 113 2.CompromisewithinArticle81(1)EC 114 3.TwoRelatedQuestions 128 4.Conclusion 138 Chapter4:HowtheBalanceisImplemented–Mere-Balancingin Article81(3)EC 141 1.Introduction 141 2.CompromisewithinArticle81(3)EC 142 ix ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:4/9

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This book discusses the role of public policy in Article 81 of the EC Treaty. The Commission and (recently) the Court of First Instance have said that the sole objective of Article 81 EC is consumer welfare. Many competition lawyers and economists support this view. Writing in a crisp, plain style,
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JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:1 SESS:6 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ARTICLE 81 EC AND PUBLIC POLICY This book discusses the role of public policy in Article 81 of the EC Treaty. The Commission,and recently the Court of First Instance have said that the sole objective of Article81ECisconsumerwelfare.Manycompetitionlawyerssupportthisview.Writingin a crisp, plain style, Townley demonstrates that public policy considerations are still relevantinthatprovision.Healsosuggestshowandwheretheyshouldbeconsidered. The book explains how some of the most complex competition law cases can be understoodandoffersaframeworkforthosefightingordecidingsuchcasesinthefuture. As such, it will be of interest to European competition lawyers, both academics and practitioners; as well as students, seeking a deeper understanding of how the European competition rules work and how they interact both with European Union and Member State public policy goals. It will also help competition economists by revealing the mechanisms through which public policy considerations impact upon the consumer welfaretestinEuropeanlaw. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:2 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:3 SESS:3 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 Article 81 EC and Public Policy Christopher Townley ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:4 SESS:9 OUTPUT:FriSep 409:17:412009 PublishedinNorthAmerica(USandCanada)by HartPublishing c/oInternationalSpecializedBookServices 920NE58thAvenue,Suite300 Portland,OR97213–3786 USA Tel:+15032873093ortoll-free:(1)8009446190 Fax:+15032808832 E-mail:[email protected] Website:http://www.isbs.com ©ChristopherTownley2009 ChristopherTownleyhasassertedhisrightundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,to beidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissionofHartPublishing,oras expresslypermittedbylaworunderthetermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographicrights organisation.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionwhichmaynotbecoveredbytheaboveshould beaddressedtoHartPublishingattheaddressbelow. HartPublishingLtd,16CWorcesterPlace,Oxford,OX12JW Telephone:+44(0)1865517530Fax:+44(0)1865510710 E-mail:[email protected] Website:http://www.hartpub.co.uk BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData DataAvailable ISBN:978-1-84113-968-5 TypesetbyColumnsDesignLimited,Reading,UK PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby TJInternationalLtd,Padstow,Cornwall ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:2/ Date:4/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:5 SESS:8 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ThisbookisdedicatedtoMrF.E.Townley(mygrandad), forhisfriendship,patienceandwisdom. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:3/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:6 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:4/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:7 SESS:8 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 Acknowledgements Work on this book would never have begun had it not been for the support and enthusiasm of one of my favourite lawyers, Anna Bessant. Professors Amato, Motta, Petersmann,UllrichandWhishallmadehelpfulcommentsonthePh.D.thesiswhichled to this book; Giorgio Monti’s 2002 article in the area and his criticism of my work have been invaluable. Since the Ph.D., which I defended at the EUI, Florence, I have received untiring competition law and economics feedback from Giorgio Monti,James MacBeth, Liza Lovdahl Gormsen and Richard Whish.In addition,many have provided support to me (though perhaps you did not know it) both during my stay in Florence and at other times,myfamilyandfriends(particularlyAidanMaddocks,AlexCarter,AlexWaters,Amy Walker,CharlotteMaddocks,ClareTownley,dad,DaveDyer,DavidOsman,FredHouwen, Galina Cornelisse, Heli Askola, Javier San Julian Arrupe, Lorenzo Zucca, Mark Braley, MayaDaoud,MonicaAriñoGutierrez,mum,NeilCarter,OkeOdudu,OslaFraser,Rafael Gafoor, Rob Maddocks, Ross Velton, Srdjan Cvijic, Vittorio Muschitiello and Zahid Naqvi),thankyouall. I would also like to thank my Ph.D.-funding body,the Department for Education and Skills,whichwasextremelygenerous;aswellasKing’sCollegeLondon. Butmostofall,thankyoutoEllieSmith,myanchorthroughallofthiswriting;yougave mesomuch,andmademesowhole.Yourleavinghastornmeintwo,ablueboatbattered on a stormy sea. Though I will never understand, I hope that you have found what you werelookingfor.Ialwaysrememberyou;forever,suddenly. ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:5/ Date:1/9 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:8 SESS:2 OUTPUT:TueSep 116:20:342009 ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:6/ Date:1/6 JOBNAME:Townley-Article81 PAGE:9 SESS:9 OUTPUT:FriSep 409:24:382009 Table of Contents Acknowledgements vii ListofAbbreviations xi TableofCases xiii TableofLegislation xxiii Introduction 1 PartA: ConsideringPublicPolicyObjectivesInCompetitionLaw IntroductiontoPartA 11 Chapter1:CompetitionPolicyandPublicPolicyObjectivesinaTheoretical Framework 13 1.Introduction 13 2.WhyCompetitionPolicymightIncludePublicPolicyObjectives 15 3.WhenCompetitionPolicymightIncludePublicPolicyObjectives 28 4.Conclusion 41 Chapter2:CompetitionPolicyandPublicPolicyObjectivesinaCommunityLaw Framework 45 1.Introduction 46 2.InFavourof BalancinginArticle81EC 47 3.ObjectionstoBalancinginArticle81EC 87 4.Conclusion 102 Conclusionof PartA 105 PartB: HowandW hereisPublicPolicyBalancingPerformedin Article81EC? IntroductiontoPartB 111 Chapter3:HowtheBalanceisImplemented–Mere-Balancingin Article81(1)EC 113 1.Introduction 113 2.CompromisewithinArticle81(1)EC 114 3.TwoRelatedQuestions 128 4.Conclusion 138 Chapter4:HowtheBalanceisImplemented–Mere-Balancingin Article81(3)EC 141 1.Introduction 141 2.CompromisewithinArticle81(3)EC 142 ix ColumnsDesignLtd / Job:Townley / Division:Prelims /Pg.Position:1/ Date:4/9

Description:
This book discusses the role of public policy in Article 81 of the EC Treaty. The Commission and (recently) the Court of First Instance have said that the sole objective of Article 81 EC is consumer welfare. Many competition lawyers and economists support this view. Writing in a crisp, plain style,
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