Table Of Content

Arthritis & Rheumatism An Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology www.arthritisrheum.org and www. interscience.wiley.com VOLUME 46 JANUARY 2002 Special Articles Editorial: Osteoarthritis, Bone Mass, and Fractures: How Are They Related? Nancy E. Lane and Michael C. Nevitt Review: HLA Class II Tetramers: Tools for Direct Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cells Gerald T. Nepom, Jane H. Buckner, Erik J. Novak, Sandra Reichstetter, Helena Reijonen, John Gebe, Rongfang Wang, Eric Swanson, and William W. Kwok Review: Matrix Metalloproteinases as Therapeutic Targets in Arthritic Diseases: Bull’s-Eye or Missing the Mark? John A. Mengshol, Kimberlee S. Mix, and Constance E. Brinckerhoff Rheumatoid Arthritis Association of Baseline Levels of Urinary Glucosyl-Galactosyl-Pyridinoline and Type II Collagen C-Telopeptide With Progression of Joint Destruction in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis -atrick Garnero, Evelyne Gineyts, Stephan Christgau, Barbara Finck, and Pierre D. Delmas Evidence That Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial T Cells Are Similar to Cytokine-Activated T Cells: Involvement of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Nuclear Factor kB Pathways in Tumor Necrosis Factor a Production in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fionula M. Brennan, Amanda L. Hayes, Cathleen J. Ciesielski, Patricia Green, Brian M. J. Foxwell, and Marc Feldmann Cyclosporine Differentially Regulates Interleukin-10, Interleukin-15, and Tumor Necrosis Factor a Production by Rheumatoid Synoviocytes Mi-La Cho, Wan-Uk Kim, So-Youn Min, Do-June Min, Jun-Ki Min, Sang-Heon Lee, Sung-Hwan Park, Chul-Soo Cho, and Ho-Youn Kim Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Rheumatoid Arthritis by a Combination of Complementary DNA Array and RNA Arbitrarily Primed—Polymerase Chain Reaction E. Neumann, F. Kullmann, M. Judex, H. P. Jiisten, D. Wessinghage, S. Gay, J. Schélmerich, and U. Miiller-Ladner Stimulation of Collagenase 3 Expression in Synovial Fibroblasts of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis by Contact With a Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrix or With Normal Cartilage When Coimplanted in NOD/SCID Mice Dirk Wernicke, Claudia Schulze-Westhoff, Peter Petrow, Rolf Briuer, Josef Zacher, Steffen Gay, and Erika Gromnica-lhle Association of Familial and Sporadic Rheumatoid Arthritis With a Single Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Genomic Region (8q12.3) Haplotype Mark Fife, Sophia Steer, Sheila Fisher, Julia Newton, Kirsten McKay, Jane Worthington, Chandrabala Shah, Andreas Polley, Andre Rosenthal, William Ollier, Cathryn Lewis, Pau! Wordsworth, and Jerry Lanchbury Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine Consumption and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Iowa Women’s Health Study Ted R. Mikuls, James R. Cerhan, Lindsey A. Criswell, Linda Merlino, Amy S. Mudano, Molly Burma, Aaron R. Folsom, and Kenneth G. Saag Osteoarthritis and Cartilage The Relationship of Bone Density and Fracture to Incident and Progressive Radiographic Osteoarthritis of the Knee: The Chingford Study Deborah J. Hart, Camille Cronin, Maxine Daniels, Tina Worthy, David V. Doyle, and Tim D. Spector Tidal Irrigation as Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Sham-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blinded Evaluation John D. Bradley, Douglas K. Heilman, Barry P. Katz, Patricia G’Sell, Janine E. Wallick, and Kenneth D. Brandt Field Test of the Reproducibility of the Semiflexed Metatarsophalangeal View in Repeated Radiographic Examinations of Subjects With Osteoarthritis of the Knee Steven A. Mazzuca, Kenneth D. Brandt, Kenneth A. Buckwalter, Kathleen A. Lane, and Barry P. Katz...... 3427 Crosslinking by Advanced Glycation End Products Increases the Stiffness of the Collagen Network in Human Articular Cartilage: A Possible Mechanism Through Which Age Is a Risk Factor for Osteoarthritis Nicole Verzijl, Jeroen DeGroot, Chaya Ben Zaken, Orit Braun-Benjamin, Alice Maroudas, Ruud A. Bank, Joe Mizrahi, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes, Johannes W. J. Bijlsma, Floris P. J. G. Lafeber, and Johan M. TeKoppele Cyclosporin A Inhibition of Aggrecanase-Mediated Proteoglycan Catabolism in Articular Cartilage Chris B. Little, Clare E. Hughes, Clare L. Curtis, Simon A. Jones, Bruce Caterson, and Carl R. Flannery... Stimulation of Matrix Metalloprotease 3 Release From Human Chondrocytes by the Interaction of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 and CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Katsuaki Kanbe, Kenji Takagishi, and Qian Chen A Fibronectin Fragment Induces Type II Collagen Degradation by Collagenase Through an Interleukin-1—-Mediated Pathway Tadashi Yasuda and A. Robin Poole Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Promote Cartilage Differentiation and Protect Engineered Artificial Cartilage From Fibroblast Invasion and Destruction Christian Kaps, Carsten Bramlage, Heike Smolian, Andreas Haisch, Ute Ungethiim, Gerd-R. Burmester, Michael Sittinger, Gerhard Gross, and Thomas Haupl Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmunity Abnormal Expression of Various Molecular Forms and Distribution of T Cell Receptor ¢ Chain in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Madhusoodana P. Nambiar, Edith J. Enyedy, Carolyn U. Fisher, Sandeep Krishnan, Vishal G. Warke, William R. Gilliland, Robert J. Oglesby, and George C. TSOKOS .............cceccscsscccccecesccsccccceccescessesces Mitochondrial Hyperpolarization and ATP Depletion in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Peter Gergely, Jr., Craig Grossman, Brian Niland, Ferenc Puskas, Hom Neupane, Fatme Allam, Katalin Banki, Paul E. Phillips, and Andras Perl Impaired Uptake of Apoptotic Cells Into Tingible Body Macrophages in Germinal Centers of Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Irith Baumann, Wasilis Kolowos, Reinhard E. Voll, Bernhard Manger, Udo Gaipl, Winfried L. Neuhuber, Thomas Kirchner, Joachim R. Kalden, and Martin Herrmann Subcellular Redistribution of La/SSB Autoantigen During Physiologic Apoptosis in the Fetal Mouse Heart and Conduction System: A Clue to the Pathogenesis of Congenital Heart Block Hai B. Tran, Maria Ohlsson, Dimitra Beroukas, Jenny Hiscock, John Bradley, Jill P. Buyon, and Tom P. Gordon Candidate T Cell Epitopes of the Human La/SSB Autoantigen Marie L. Davies, Emma J. Taylor, Caroline Gordon, Stephen P. Young, Ken Welsh, Mike Bunce, B. Paul Wordsworth, Brian Davidson, and Simon J. Bowman Characterization of the Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein 3 Gene as an Early-Transcribed Gene With a Putative Role in the Pathophysiology of Sj6gren’s Syndrome Nikolaos I. Tapinos, Mary Polihronis, George Thyphronitis, and Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos .............. Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Disability Predicts Total Costs in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis Michael M. Ward Childhood Arthritis Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cristina Meazza, Paola Travaglino, Patrizia Pignatti, Silvia Magni-Manzoni, Angelo Ravelli, Alberto Martini, and Fabrizio De Benedetti Mechanisms of Disease Identification of Type II Collagen Peptide 261-273-Specific T Cell Clones in a Patient With Relapsing Polychondritis Jane H. Buckner, Megan Van Landeghen, William W. Kwok, and Laura Tsarknaridis ................0.6000000+ An Israeli Arab Patient With a De Novo TNFRSFIA Mutation Causing Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor—Associated Periodic Syndrome Ebun Aganna, Avraham Zeharia, Graham A. Hitman, Lina Basel-Vanagaite, Rebecca A. Allotey, David R. Booth, Philip N. Hawkins, Catherine Thacker, Denise Syndercombe-Court, and Michael F. McDermott Immune Regulation Sexual Dimorphism in Innate Immunity George Moxley, Danielle Posthuma, Patricia Carlson, Eloise Estrada, Jinfeng Han, Linda L. Benson, and Michael C. Neale Animal Models Genetic Links Between the Acute-Phase Response and Arthritis Development in Rats Peter Olofsson, Niklas Nordquist, Carina Vingsbo-Lundberg, Anders Larsson, Cecilia Falkenberg, Ulf Pettersson, Bo Akerstrém, and Rikard Holmdahl Concise Communications The Presence of IgG Antibodies Reactive With Components of the SSA/Ro-SSB/La Complex in Human Breast Milk: Implications in Neonatal Lupus Anca D. Askanase, M. Eugenia Miranda-Carus, Xiaoyin Tang, Margaret Katholi, and Jill P. Buyon Therapeutic Effect of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Collagen-Induced Arthritis ee IIS pit Sasticcanenamtansnndeas cath vans andgnsSeicankvenactscanianadabidaauindinianndseeeoiniedaidaweneiabieds Letters Effect of Dynamic Strength Training on Functional Capacity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Hakkinen et al Marten Munneke, Zuzana de Jong, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Theodora P. M. Vliet Vlieland, and ee ONS My iiscnisiny cusacnesuailanks swan didantbakddnugebateussensacatatieabuntieesceudicendbiglaniistiuchenhied Reply Arja Hdkkinen, Tuulikki Sokka, Pekka Hannonen, and Antero Kotaniemi Absence of Anti-p53 Antibodies in Chinese Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Comment on the Concise Communication by Kovacs et al Ming-Yuh Shiau, Tzer-Min Kuo, Gregory J. Tsay, Hui-Ling Chiou, Yao-Ling Lee, and Yih-Hsin Chang Reply I LE tas acd comand Sale dd Scene susuwudaedances Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis Following Curative Treatment of a Somatostatinoma A. Grasland, J. Pouchot, P. Vinceneux, and P. Ruszniewski Clinical and Prognostic Value of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Wegener’s Granulomatosis and Microscopic Polyangiitis: Comment on the Article by Russell et al Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, Sladjana Andrejevic, Mirjana Bukilica, and Milos M. Nikolic Reply Kimberly A. Russell, David N. Fass, and Ulrich Specks....... sat itanhen HnsbaUa shen e i taiaind iddhinatnesainntien Failure to Detect Antinucleosome Antibodies in Scleroderma: Comment on the Article by Amoura et al Youssef Ben Hadj Hmida, Patrick Schmit, Georges Gilson, and René-Louis Humbel Reply Zahir Amoura, Lucile Musset, and Jean-Charles Piette Erratum Error in Spelling of Author’s Name in Second-Year Fellow Abstract SY-09 (Arthritis Rheum, December 2001) ACR Announcements VOLUME 46 FEBRUARY 2002 Special Articles Editorial: Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis Early: A Window of Opportunity? James R. O'Dell Editorial: The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Early Arthritis: Rationale for New Prognostic Criteria David L. Scott Editorial and Review: Pregnancy and Microchimerism in Autoimmune Disease: Protector or Insurgent? J. Lee Nelson Review: How Important Are T Cells in Chronic Rheumatoid Synovitis? Il. T Cell-Independent Mechanisms From Beginning to End Gary S. Firestein and Nathan J. Zvaifler Review: Management of Uveitis: A Rheumatologic Perspective Justine R. Smith and James T. Rosenbaum Review: Diagnosing Reactive Arthritis: Role of Clinical Setting in the Value of Serologic and Microbiologic Assays Joachim Sieper, Martin Rudwaleit, Jiirgen Braun, and Désirée van der Heijde Guidelines for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: 2002 Update American College of Rheumatology Subcommittee on Rheumatoid Arthritis Guidelines .............2+++++++++++ 328 3429 Rheumatoid Arthritis COBRA Combination Therapy in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Long-Term Structural Benefits of a Brief Intervention Robert B. M. Landewé, Maarten Boers, Arco C. Verhoeven, Rene Westhovens, Mart A. F. J. van de Laar, Harry M. Markusse, J. Christiaan van Denderen, Marie Louise Westedt, Andre J. Peeters, Ben A. C. Dijkmans, Piet Jacobs, Annelies Boonen, Désirée M. F. M. van der Heijde, and Sjef van der Linden How to Diagnose Rheumatoid Arthritis Early: A Prediction Model for Persistent (Erosive) Arthritis Henk Visser, Saskia le Cessie, Koen Vos, Ferdinand C. Breedveld, and Johanna M. W. Hazes by Dynamic Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Richard J. Reece, Maarten C. Kraan, Aleksandra Radjenovic, Douglas J. Veale, P. J. O’Connor, John P. Ridgway, W. W. Gibbon, Ferdinand C. Breedveld, Paul P. Tak, and Paul Emery Expression of Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer and Enhancement of the Production of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Rheumatoid Arthritis Tetsuya Tomita, Takanobu Nakase, Motoharu Kaneko, Kenrin Shi, Koichiro Takahi, Takahiro Ochi, and Hideki Yoshikawa Involvement of CD4+,CD57+ T Cells in the Disease Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis Takeshi Maeda, Hisakata Yamada, Ryuji Nagamine, Toshihide Shuto, Yasuharu Nakashima, Go Hirata, and Yukihide Iwamoto Osteoarthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Normal and Osteoarthritic Trabecular Bone Structure in the Human Knee Olivier Beuf, Srinka Ghosh, David C. Newitt, Thomas M. Link, Lynne Steinbach, Michael Ries, Nancy Lane, and Sharmila Majumdar Nitric Oxide-Mediated Chondrocyte Cell Death Requires the Generation of Additional Reactive Oxygen Species Marcello Del Carlo, Jr. and Richard F. Loeser Assessment of the Gene Expression Profile of Differentiated and Dedifferentiated Human Fetal Chondrocytes by Microarray Analysis David G. Stokes, Gang Liu, Ibsen B. Coimbra, Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez, Robert M. Crowl, and SE OUD ANON is sid da Seb Geseo nde Cams hsp Scout ee oles cats cuisloiis ax et epOe shied divs n'abe Sonis.as saeelemanens sna oaewenacuame 404 Urea as a Passive Transport Marker tor Arthritis Biomarker Studies Virginia B. Kraus, Janet L. Huebner, Christian Fink, Jeffrey B. King, Spencer Brown, T. Parker Vail, and Farshid Guilak Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmunity Increased Prevalence of Renal Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Families With Affected Male Relatives Catherine M. Stein, Jane M. Olson, Courtney Gray-McGuire, Gail R. Bruner, John B. Harley, and Kathy L. Moser Risk Factors for Damage in Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Cumulative Disease Activity and Medication Use Predict Disease Damage Hermine I. Brunner, Earl D. Silverman, Theresa To, Claire Bombardier, and Brian M. Feldman Systemic Sclerosis Th2-Oriented Profile of Male Offspring T Cells Present in Women With Systemic Sclerosis and Reactive With Maternal Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigens Cristina Scaletti, Alessandra Vultaggio, Stefania Bonifacio, Lorenzo Emmi, Francesca Torricelli, Enrico Maggi, Sergio Romagnani, and Marie-Pierre Piccinni Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Scleroderma: An Italian Case-Control Study Federica Edith Pisa, Massimo Bovenzi, Luciano Romeo, Alberta Tonello, Domenico Biasi, Lisa Maria Bambara, Alberto Betta, and Fabio Barbone Vasculitis Therapeutic Effects of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Giant Cell Arteritis Cornelia M. Weyand, Markus Kaiser, Hongyu Yang, Brian Younge, and Jorg J. Goronzy Myositis Results and Long-Term Followup of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Infusions in Chronic, Refractory Polymyositis: An Open Study With Thirty-Five Adult Patients P. Cherin, S. Pelletier, A. Teixeira, P. Laforet, T. Genereau, A. Simon, T. Maisonobe, B. Eymard, and S. Herson Magnesium Abnormalities of Skeletal Muscle in Dermatomyositis and Juvenile Dermatomyositis Kenneth J. Niermann, Nancy J. Olsen, and Jane H. Park 3430 Spondylarthropathy The Role of Biomechanical Factors and HLA-B27 in Magnetic Resonance Imaging—Determined Bone Changes in Plantar Fascia Enthesopathy Dennis McGonagle, Helena Marzo-Ortega, Philip O’Connor, Wayne Gibbon, Colin Pease, Richard Reece, and Paul Emery Drug Mechanisms Nimesulide, a Preferential Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitor, Suppresses Peroxisome Proliferator—Activated Receptor Induction of Cyclooxygenase 2 Gene Expression in Human Synovial Fibroblasts: Evidence for Receptor Antagonism Tanja Kalajdzic, Wissam H. Faour, Qing Wen He, Hassan Fahmi, Johanne Martel-Pelletier, Jean-Pierre Pelletier, and John A. Di Battista Animal Models Inflammation Is Preceded by Tumor Necrosis Factor-Dependent Infiltration of Mesenchymal Cells in Experimental Arthritis L. Marinova-Mutafchieva, R. O. Williams, K. Funa, R. N. Maini, and N. J. Zvaifler Constitutive Expression of Bcl-x; in the T Lineage Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Bcl-x, Transgenic Mice Ying Chen, Ed Rosloniec, Jim Price, Mark Boothby, and Jin Chen Vitamin E Uncouples Joint Destruction and Clinical Inflammation in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Michel De Bandt, Maggy Grossin, Fathi Driss, Joél Pincemail, Catherine Babin-Chevaye, and Catherine Pasquier Suppression of Autoimmune Arthritis in Interleukin-1—Deficient Mice in Which T Cell Activation Is Impaired Due to Low Levels of CD40 Ligand and OX40 Expression on T Cells Shinobu Saijo, Masahide Asano, Reiko Horai, Hiroaki Yamamoto, and Yoichiro Iwakura Antiphospholipid Antibodies Induced in Mice by Immunization With a Cytomegalovirus-Derived Peptide Cause Thrombosis and Activation of Endothelial Cells In Vivo Azzudin E. Gharavi, Silvia §. Pierangeli, Ricardo G. Espinola, Xiaowei Liu, Margaret Colden-Stanfield, i iii iindtcaccavcankebccp denacnaninlaek tMoiMtacbeuueas tnas dnaavenEaeAisiendi uaivdaes Concise Communication The HLA-B*2709 Subtype Confers Susceptibility to Spondylarthropathy Ignazio Olivieri, Giovanni Ciancio, Angela Padula, Carlo Gaudiano, Santa Masciandaro, Leda Moro, Elisabetta Durante, Sarah Pozzi, and G. B. Ferrara Letters Variant Mannose-Binding Lectin Genotypes and Outcome in Early Versus Late Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Ip et al Niels A. Graudal, Peter Garred, Hans O. Madsen, Arne Svejgaard, Ulrik Tarp, Anne Grethe Jurik, and Hans K. Graudal Reply Association of Fey Receptor IIIA Polymorphism With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Morgan et al Antonio Nieto, Maria Pascual, Rafael Caliz, Luis Mataran, and Javier Martin Reply Ann W. Morgan, Bridget Griffiths, Jennifer H. Barrett, Alexander F. Markham, Paul Emery, and EMI NODE ges dirs osc ccc Nant neacandepeiaanucuslanedecaerds deecikds hueeod nddcadddeiadgdataante adaetedd dscsededadsedi s Effect of Etanercept on Tenosynovitis and Nodules in Rheumatoid Arthritis M.-J. Kaiser, M.-C. Bozonnat, C. Jorgensen, J.-P. Daurés, and J. Sany How Frequently and How Soon Should We Screen Our Patients for the Presence of Antimalarial Retinopathy? Graciela §. Alarcon Distinguishing Congenital From Acquired Heart Block: Comment on the Article by Julkunen and Eronen Osvaldo Hiibscher 561 Reply Heikki Julkunen and Marianne Eronen 562 The Difficulties in Establishing a Birth Order or Maternal Age Effect in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Comment on the Article by Baudoin et al PE IIE ND Sivcsisisinasantsnnnstsuddcnancksnansstacadcageadavedsircanecehwauennsamicadarenedeaddesrsitineiemenn 563 Reply Irene E. van der Horst-Bruinsma, P. Dick Bezemer, and Ben A. C. Dijkmans ..........0.000c0ceeeeeeeeenseeeeees 3431 Somatization Does Not Fit All Fibromyalgia Patients: Comment on the Article by Winfield Roland Staud Gouty Tophi in a Pancreatic Pseudocyst Dinesh Khanna, Shou-Jiang Tang, William D. Wallace, Bennett E. Roth, and Bevra H. Hahn Clinical Images Unrecognized SAPHO Syndrome as a Rare Cause of Chronic Anterior Chest Pain Monika A. Reuss-Borst ACR Announcements VOLUME 46 MARCH 2002 Special Articles ACR Presidential Address: The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Rheumatology 2001 Michael E. Weinblatt Editorial: Targeting Interleukin-1 in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Jean-Michel Dayer and Barry Bresnihan Editorial: The Changing Face of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Why the Decline in Incidence? Alan J. Silman Editorial: The Search for Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility Genes: A Call for Global Collaboration Damini Jawaheer and Peter K. Gregersen Review: Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Vasculitis: Implications of Antiviral and Immunosuppressive Therapies Dimitrios Vassilopoulos and Leonard H. Calabrese Review: Peroxisome Proliferator—-Activated Receptor y Agonists: Potential Use for Treating Chronic Inflammatory Diseases James C. Oates, Christopher M. Reilly, Michelle B. Crosby, and Gary S. Gilkeson Conference Summary: The Cutting Edge of Spondylarthropathy Research in the Millennium Kaisa Granfors, Elisabeth Marker-Hermann, Filip de Keyser, Muhammad A. Khan, Eric M. Veys, and David T. Y. Yu Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Anakinra, a Recombinant Human Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, in Combination With Methotrexate: Results of a Twenty-Four-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Stanley Cohen, Eric Hurd, John Cush, Michael Schiff, Michael E. Weinblatt, Larry W. Moreland, Joel Kremer, Moraye B. Bear, William J. Rich, and Dorothy McCabe Trends in Incidence and Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, Over a Forty- Year Period Michele F. Doran, Gregory R. Pond, Cynthia S$. Crowson, W. Michael O'Fallon, and Sherine E. Gabriel.... Whole-Genome Linkage Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility Loci in 252 Affected Sibling Pairs in the United Kingdom Kirsten MacKay, Stephen Eyre, Anne Myerscough, Anita Milicic, Anne Barton, Steven Laval, Jenny Barrett, Dorothea Lee, Sarah White, Sally John, Matthew A. Brown, John Bell, Alan Silman, William Ollier, Paul Wordsworth, and Jane Worthington Smoking and Disease Severity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association With Polymorphism at the Glutathione S-Transferase M1 Locus Derek L. Mattey, David Hutchinson, Peter T. Dawes, Nicola B. Nixon, Sheila Clarke, June Fisher, Ann Brownfield, Julie Alldersea, Anthony A. Fryer, and Richard C. Strange The Value of Contrast-Enhanced Color Doppler Ultrasound in the Detection of Vascularization of Finger Joints in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Andrea Klauser, Ferdinand Frauscher, Michael Schirmer, Ethan Halpern, Leo Pallwein, Manfred Herold, Gernot Helweg, and Dieter ZurNedden Inadequately Low Serum Levels of Steroid Hormones in Relation to Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor in Untreated Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis and Reactive Arthritis Rainer H. Straub, Leena Paimela, Ritva Peltomaa, Jiirgen Schélmerich, and Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo Comparison of Cathepsins K and S Expression Within the Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritic Synovium Wu-Shiun Hou, Weijie Li, Gernot Keyszer, Ekkehard Weber, Roger Levy, Michael J. Klein, Ellen M. Gravallese, Steven R. Goldring, and Dieter Brémme 3432 Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Risk Factors for Total Hip Replacement Due to Primary Osteoarthritis: A Cohort Study in 50,034 Persons Gunnar B. Flugsrud, Lars Nordsletten, Birgitte Espehaug, Leif I. Havelin, and Haakon E. Meyer Increased Life Span of Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes by Exogenous Expression of Telomerase Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez, Sergio A. Jimenez, and David G. Stokes ..........0.c0ccccceceeccccccccccceccecceecceuees Inhibition of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 Proteolysis in Articular Cartilage and Joint Fluid Results in Enhanced Concentrations of Insulin-Like Growth Factor | and Is Associated With Improved Osteoarthritis David R. Clemmons, Walker H. Busby, Jr., Aaron Garmong, Duane R. Schultz, David S. Howell, Roy D. Altman, and Robert Karr Reduced Chondrogenic and Adipogenic Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Advanced Osteoarthritis J. Mary Murphy, Kenneth Dixon, Stephen Beck, Dennis Fabian, Andrew Feldman, and Frank Barry Childhood Arthritis The PedsQL™ in Pediatric Rheumatology: Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Generic Core Scales and Rheumatology Module James W. Varni, Michael Seid, Tara Smith Knight, Tasha Burwinkle, Joy Brown, and Ilona S. Szer Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmunity Autoantibody to hLSm4 and the Heptameric LSm Complex in Anti-Sm Sera Theophany Eystathioy, Carol L. Peebles, John C. Hamel, John H. Vaughan, and Edward K. L. Chan Selective Accumulation of CCR4+ T Lymphocytes Into Renal Tissue of Patients With Lupus Nephritis Masato Yamada, Hideo Yagita, Hideko Inoue, Tsuyoshi Takanashi, Hironori Matsuda, Eiko Munechika, Yutaka Kanamaru, Isao Shirato, Yasuhiko Tomino, Kouji Matushima, Ko Okumura, and Hiroshi Hashimoto Sjégren’s Syndrome Long-Term Risk of Mortality and Lymphoproliferative Disease and Predictive Classification of Primary SjOgren’s Syndrome John P. A. Ioannidis, Vassilios A. Vassiliou, and Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos .............00.000cceeeeeeeeeees A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Cevimeline in Sj6gren’s Syndrome Patients With Xerostomia and Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Dianne Petrone, John J. Condemi, Rose Fife, Oscar Gluck, Stanley Cohen, and Paul Dalgin Spondylarthropathy Randomized Double-Blind Comparison of Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody to Tumor Necrosis Factor a (Infliximab) Versus Placebo in Active Spondylarthropathy Filip Van den Bosch, Elli Kruithof,; Dominique Baeten, Annemie Herssens, Filip de Keyser, TE ee FI Nissin chic ct baits nied enciaccidcansiiaag inadiuesaniéettintiiaean t A Six-Month Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Dose-Response Comparison of Intravenous Pamidronate (60 mg Versus 10 mg) in the Treatment of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug-Refractory Ankylosing Spondylitis Walter P. Maksymowych, Gian S. Jhangri, Avril A. Fitzgerald, Sharon LeClercq, Peter Chiu, Alex Yan, Kenneth J. Skeith, Stephen L. Aaron, Joanne Homik, Paul Davis, Dale Sholter, and Anthony S. Russell Muscle Disease Investigation of Fluoroquinolone-Induced Myalgia Using *'P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and In Vitro Contracture Tests S. Guis, D. Bendahan, G. Kozak-Ribbens, J. P. Mattei, Y. Le Fur, S. Confort-Gouny, D. Figarella-Branger, J. Jouglard, and P. J. Cozzone Clinical Trials Secular Changes in the Quality of Published Randomized Clinical Trials in Rheumatology Catherine L. Hill, Michael P. LaValley, and David T. Felson Animal Models Tumor Necrosis Factor a—Mediated Joint Destruction Is Inhibited by Targeting Osteoclasts With Osteoprotegerin Kurt Redlich, Silvia Hayer, Andrea Maier, Colin R. Dunstan, Makiyeh Tohidast-Akrad, Susanne Lang, Birgit Tiirk, Peter Pietschmann, Wolfgang Woloszczuk, Silva Haralambous, George Kollias, Giinter Steiner, Josef §. Smolen, and Georg Schett Angiostatin Gene Transfer as an Effective Treatment Strategy in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis Jong-Mook Kim, Seong-Hyun Ho, Eun-Jin Park, Woong Hahn, Hongchan Cho, Jae-Gyun Jeong, Yun-Woo Lee, and Sunyoung Kim Reduction of Joint Inflammation and Bone Erosion in Rat Adjuvant Arthritis by Treatment With Interleukin-17 Receptor IgG1 Fe Fusion Protein Katherine A. Bush, Katherine M. Farmer, Judith S. Walker, and Bruce W. Kirkham The Beneficial Effect of Interleukin-12 on Arthritis Induced by Group B Streptococci Is Mediated by Interferon-y and Interleukin-10 Production Manuela Puliti, Christina von Hunolstein, Francesco Bistoni, Paolo Mosci, Graziella Orefici, and Luciana Tissi Joint Damage and Inflammation in c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 2 Knockout Mice With Passive Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis Zuoning Han, Lufen Chang, Yuji Yamanishi, Michael Karin, and Gary S. Firestein Stromal Cell—Derived Factor 1 (CXCL12) Induces Monocyte Migration Into Human Synovium Transplanted Onto SCID Mice M. C. Blades, F. Ingegnoli, S. K. Wheller, A.M anzo, S. Wahid, G. S. Panayi, M. Perretti, and C. Pitzalis... Concise Communication High-Dose Cyclophosphamide With Stem Cell Rescue for Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis: Short-Term Efficacy Correlates With Reduction of Macroscopic and Histologic Synovitis Sarah Bingham, Douglas Veale, Ursula Fearon, John D. Isaacs, Gareth Morgan, Paul Emery, Dennis McGonagle, Richard Reece, Roy Clague, and John A. Snowden Letters Refractory Inflammatory Heel Pain in Spondylarthropathy: A Significant Response to Infliximab Documented by Ultrasound Maria Antonietta D’Agostino, Maxime Breban, Roula Said-Nahal, and Maxime Dougados ..................4: 840 Reply Juergen Braun and Joachim Sieper Development of Rheumatoid Nodules During Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor a Therapy With Etanercept Jérn Kekow, Tobias Welte, Udo Kellner, and Thomas Pap Topotecan and the Development of Scleroderma or a Scleroderma-Like Illness Daniel Ene-Stroescu, Michael H. Ellman, and Carol E. Peterson Methotrexate for the Treatment of Early Diffuse Scleroderma: Comment on the Article by Pope et al Thomas J. A. Lehman Confirmation of an Association Between Fibromyalgia and Serotonin Transporter Promoter Region (5-HTTLPR) Polymorphism, and Relationship to Anxiety-Related Personality Traits Hagit Cohen, Dan Buskila, Lily Neumann, and Richard P. Ebstein Effect of Intraarticular Hyaluronate Injections in Chondrocalcinosis: Comment on the Article by Martens Montserrat Romera Reply UI NIIINID os ic scan alsin isa teaites oni laeulia atlm eine and dink inal ded dd nsindnee epbeenk peer nmmEmnnasNs MemaecaaN Inflammatory Arthritis and the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency: Comment on the Article by Bultink et al R. L. Neame, M. Auger, and D. A. Walsh Reply Irene E. M. Bultink, Willem F. Lems, Rob J. van de Stadt, and Ben A. C. Dijkmans ..............0..00000000es Absence of Anti—Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody—Associated Vasculitis Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert, Jan Damoiseaux, Maarten M. Boomsma, and Coen A. Stegeman Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome Associated With Typhoid Fever: Comment on the Article by Hayem et al Imad Uthman, Ali Taher, Ismail Khalil, Abdul-Rahman Bizri, and Azzudin E. Gharavi IIE 5i inntcticiuitsnu sna face gta eds daieiaetetecnsabatadub es ieadssiavubsh sp pan ciiaseveeelaeasbinhiseepeiadeanies VOLUME 46 APRIL 2002 Special Articles Editorial: Urgent Care and Tight Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis as in Diabetes and Hypertension: Better Treatments but a Shortage of Rheumatologists Theodore Pincus, Allan Gibofsky, and Michael E. Weinblatt Editorial: Plasticity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Enough to Induce Tolerance and Repair Tissue? Richard K. Burt, Ann E. Traynor, Yu Oyama, and Walter G. Barr 3434 Editorial: DNA Microarrays: Boundless Technology or Bound by Technology? Guidelines for Studies Using Microarray Technology Gary S. Firestein and David S. Pisetsky Review: Accelerated Atherosclerosis: An Extraarticular Feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis? is PE Ee PIII anid dncsncdcnscennsnsatundeunorensaguinihesdscudicseindecedananas 862 Review: Gene Expression Profiles: Creating New Perspectives in Arthritis Research Ethan P. Grant, Michael D. Pickard, Michael J. Briskin, and Jose-Carlos Gutierrez-Ramos ..................+ 874 Review: Proteomics Technologies for the Study of Autoimmune Disease Freee ee, PenUnCnG, LUUUNOC SONNEI, GUNN TIE Ie OIE So cc cnccacanccnndsictdovasenatdeucksuscavececsevenassends 885 Rheumatoid Arthritis Delay to Institution of Therapy and Induction of Remission Using Single-Drug or Combination—Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Timo Métténen, Pekka Hannonen, Markku Korpela, Martti Nissilaé, Hannu Kautiainen, Jorma Ilonen, Leena Laasonen, Oili Kaipiainen-Seppdnen, Per Franzen, Tapani Helve, Juhani Koski, Marianne Gripenberg-Gahmberg, Riitta Myllykangas-Luosujarvi, and Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo, for the FIN-RACo Trial Group Early and Aggressive Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Affects the Association of HLA Class II Antigens With Progression of Joint Damage L. R. Lard, M. Boers, A. Verhoeven, K. Vos, H. Visser, J. M. W. Hazes, A. H. Zwinderman, G. M. T. Schreuder, F. C. Breedveld, R. R. P. de Vries, S. van der Linden, E. Zanelli, and T. W. J. Huizinga 899 Rheumatoid Factor Is the Major Predictor of Increasing Severity of Radiographic Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Norfolk Arthritis Register Study, a Large Inception Cohort M. Bukhari, M. Lunt, B. J. Harrison, D. G. I. Scott, D. P. M. Symmons, and A. J. Silman Determination of the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Rheumatoid Arthritis Joint Damage of the Sharp/van der Heijde and Larsen/Scott Scoring Methods by Clinical Experts and Comparison With the Smallest Detectable Difference Karin Bruynesteyn, Désirée van der Heijde, Maarten Boers, Ariane Saudan, Paul Peloso, Harold Paulus, Harry Houben, Bridget Griffiths, John Edmonds, Barry Bresnihan, Annelies Boonen, and Sjef van der Linden Reshaping the Shared Epitope Hypothesis: HLA-Associated Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Encoded by Amino Acid Substitutions at Positions 67—74 of the HLA-DRB1 Molecule Niek de Vries, Henk Tijssen, Piet L. C. M. van Riel, and Leo B. A. van de Putte Interaction Between Heat-Shock Protein 73 and HLA—DRBI Alleles Associated or Not With Rheumatoid Arthritis ee I Ee Ea NE Fe FI iiss vicki dc cccccesndsedtindcdcienndavtsindsséniswusecsecurces ” Local Production of Complement Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium Elena Neumann, Scott R. Barnum, Ingo H. Tarner, Josh Echols, Martin Fleck, Martin Judex, Frank Kullmann, John D. Mountz, Jiirgen Schélmerich, Steffen Gay, and Ulf Miiller-Ladner Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Genome Scan for Quantity of Hand Osteoarthritis: The Framingham Study S. Demissie, L. A. Cupples, R. Myers, P. Aliabadi, D. Levy, and D. T. Felson Acidic Cysteine Endoproteinase Cathepsin K in the Degeneration of the Superficial Articular Hyaline Cartilage in Osteoarthritis Yrj6 T. Konttinen, Jami Mandelin, Tian-Fang Li, Jari Salo, Jan Lassus, Mikko Liljestrém, Mika Hukkanen, Michiaki Takagi, Ismo Virtanen, and Seppo Santavirta The Modulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase and ADAM Gene Expression in Human Chondrocytes by Interleukin-1 and Oncostatin M: A Time-Course Study Using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription—Polymerase Chain Reaction P. J. T. Koshy, C. J. Lundy, A. D. Rowan, S. Porter, D. R. Edwards, A. Hogan, I. M. Clark, and T. E. Cawston Influence of Hypoxia and Reoxygenation on Cytokine-Induced Production of Proinflammatory Mediators in Articular Cartilage Julie Cernanec, Farshid Guilak, J. Brice Weinberg, David S. Pisetsky, and Beverley Fermor Specific Enzymatic Treatment of Bovine and Human Articular Cartilage: Implications for Integrative Cartilage Repair P. K. Bos, J. DeGroot, M. Budde, J. A. N. Verhaar, and G. J. V. M. van Osch Childhood Arthritis The Influence of Patient Characteristics, Disease Variables, and HLA Alleles on the Development of Radiographically Evident Sacroiliitis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Berit Flato, Anna Smerdel, Virginia Johnston, Gunhild Lien, Knut Dale, Odd Vinje, Thore Egeland, Dag Sorskaar, and Qystein Forre Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmunity Renal Flares Are Common in Patients With Severe Proliferative Lupus Nephritis Treated With Pulse Immunosuppressive Therapy: Long-Term Followup of a Cohort of 145 Patients Participating in Randomized Controlled Studies G. G. Illei, K. Takada, D. Parkin, H. A. Austin, M. Crane, C. H. Yarboro, E. M. Vaughan, T. Kuroiwa, C. L. Danning, J. Pando, A. D. Steinberg, M. F. Gourley, J. H. Klippel, J. E. Balow, and D. T. Boumpas ........ 995 Outcome and Prognostic Indicators of Diffuse Proliferative Lupus Glomerulonephritis Treated With sequential Oral Cyclophosphamide and Azathioprine Chi Chiu Mok, Carmen Tze Kwan Ho, Kwok Wah Chan, Chak Sing Lau, and Raymond Woon Sing Wong Long-Term Followup of Patients Treated With Total Lymphoid Irradiation for Lupus Nephritis Mark C. Genovese, Zuzana Uhrin, Daniel A. Bloch, John Oehlert, Richard K. Sibley, Bryan Myers, and Samuel Strober Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Clinical and Immunologic Manifestations and Patterns of Disease Expression in a Cohort of 1,000 Patients Ricard Cervera, Jean-Charles Piette, Josep Font, Munther A. Khamashta, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Maria Teresa Camps, Soren Jacobsen, Gabriella Lakos, Angela Tincani, Irene Kontopoulou-Griva, Mauro Galeazzi, Pier Luigi Meroni, Ronald H. W. M. Derksen, Philip G. de Groot, Erika Gromnica-lhle, Marta Baleva, Marta Mosca, Stefano Bombardieri, Frédéric Houssiau, Jean-Christophe Gris, Isabelle Quéré, Eric Hachulla, Carlos Vasconcelos, Beate Roch, Antonio Fernandez-Nebro, Marie-Claire Boffa, Graham R. V. Hughes, and Miguel Ingelmo, for the Euro-Phospholipid Project Group . 1019 Defective Fc-Dependent Processing of Immune Complexes in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Kevin A. Davies, Michael G. Robson, A. Michael Peters, Peter Norsworthy, Julian T. Nash, and Mark J. Walport Sjégren’s Syndrome Presence of Microchimerism in Labial Salivary Glands in Systemic Sclerosis but Not in Sjégren’s Syndrome Sélim Aractingi, Jean Sibilia, Véronique Meignin, David Launay, Eric Hachulla, Caroline Le Danff, Anne Janin, and Xavier Mariette Muscle Disease Interleukin-1a@ Expression in Capillaries and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression in Type II Muscle Fibers From Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis Patients: Important Pathogenic Features Independent of Inflammatory Cell Clusters in Muscle Tissue Pernilla Englund, Inger Nennesmo, Lars Klareskog, and Ingrid E. Lundberg Vasculitis Temporal Arteritis and Chlamydia pneumoniae: Failure to Detect the Organism by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Ninety Cases and Ninety Controls Michael J. Regan, Billie Jo Wood, Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, Mellisa L. Theodore, Thomas C. Quinn, David B. Hellmann, W. Richard Green, Charlotte A. Gaydos, and John H. Stone Mechanisms of Disease A Novel Mutation in the Third Extraceliular Domain of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor | in a Finnish Family With Autosomal-Dominant Recurrent Fever Hanna Nevala, Leena Karenko, Susanna Stjernberg, Maria Raatikainen, Hanna Suomalainen, Anssi Lagerstedt, Jenita Rauta, Michael F. McDermott, Part Peterson, Tom Pettersson, and Annamari Ranki .... 1061 Animal Models Arthritis in MRL/Ipr Mice Is Under the Control of Multiple Gene Loci With an Allelic Combination Derived From the Original Inbred Strains Junji Kamogawa, Miho Terada, Shinichi Mizuki, Miyuki Nishihara, Haruyasu Yamamoto, Shiro Mori, Yoriko Abe, Koji Morimoto, Syuichi Nakatsuru, Yusuke Nakamura, and Masato Nose 1067 Evaluation of Quantitative Trait Loci Regulating Severity of Mycobacterial Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Monocongenic and Polycongenic Rats: Identification of a New Regulatory Locus on Rat Chromosome 10 and Evidence of Overlap With Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility Loci Bina Joe, Grant W. Cannon, Marie M. Griffiths, David E. Dobbins, Pércio §. Gulko, Ronald L. Wilder, ee rN ai ccindxcu cde abeseWsnbanahseeusns ssébesiabe hbaivdi epecnils insdildetviadscneen es 1075 Immunogenicity of Recombinant Type IX Collagen in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis L. K. Myers, T. Pihlajamaa, D. D. Brand, M. A. Cremer, M. Bodo, L. Ala-Kokko, and A. H. Kang 1086 Expression of Osteopontin at Sites of Bone Erosion in a Murine Experimental Arthritis Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis: Possible Involvement of Osteopontin in Bone Destruction in Arthritis Shiro Ohshima, Hideyuki Kobayashi, Norihiko Yamaguchi, Katsuhiro Nishioka, Mitsuko Umeshita-Sasai, Toru Mima, Shintaro Nomura, Shigeyuki Kon, Manabu Inobe, Toshimitsu Uede, and Yukihiko Saeki 1094 3436