Art Is Not What You Think It Is (Blackwell Manifestos)

23 Pages·2012·1.937 MB·English

by  Donald Preziosi, Claire Farago

The Art of Commodifying Artistry 151
(a)
(b)
erugiF 4.7 paceOurS .nstallation I view :( a )re rioxt e; ( b ) , retniroi .tpeS .8002
we ,noetgnillN.dnalae oZtohP erialC .ar WaweoagF,muesuragnoMe apaPTT
ledomfo titnedi y sa ,elpitlum ,esrevid dnarusnemmo elbacni stup otni
noitseuq ehtregnil gni tsilaitnesse snoitpmussa ni tnerucr muesu ymalpsid
in es,prthe acticsocial issues ed debatin the and media,rin en-xisting vego
, that h namelyeacvindiidual or e vollecticidentity (cid:133) has o tmental policies
be e vdistinctiand singular a noiton ta ecno lacisyhpatem (cid:133) dna ruj.lacidi
150 Art Is Not What You Think It Is
,msilanoitany b - tnor,tsaci B sliatne lanoitutitsnoc segnahc dna eniuneg
r ewpo sharing.Should cultural ness evdistinctibe a ndition ocof -revso
eignty at all? 5
smuesuM sa rehtO nahttatnese lanoirperARt stcafi
rebil la ron - eht(cid:142) rehtieN oents ehtergat ci vitan tsi msilaitnesse (cid:141) ledomfo
model of cultural ybridithy rok wo te eatcrwhat mi oHhabha Bcalled an
that ely vacties mmodatocac vnatiist (cid:142)e esistancrwithout erstitial int espac(cid:141)
gnizicitnamor rorehtow esirpo gnitairppa .tit I si emito t ekamv elbisi eht
seititnedirutluc la revo setabed eht hcihw nirorf kwema lautpecnoc redaorb
nee yle esimowteb si tonrpmkilo Ac .de dnatcudnreporutluco la erpc seitra
sae ,sledomvisulc de detomo sa yllaut dnauxvmerpiec yldao e tahwreprbra
s eIreht a y muesu.stseggusalpsid aweragnMo apaTe P eht elpmaxefo ehtT
e peko t demoode w era roroeht yrutluc la ni essapmi tnerucr eht dnoeby yaw
ticinht edn a ?yf osaed ina,eeporutlu curr a Ednuo,tr areerovro fgnitib 6
ntorCadictions e arent inherin both ulticulturmalist models ntly ecurr
fo tnertan seorutl-uucccit eht gnizilauqe ,dnah eno eht no ,esuaceb yalp ni
ro tnednepednitsi hde laci sattalroe r,suoenegomoh ehttceja seiv tonnaclos
ylrednu gni melborpfo a )rdezai(laicroeht yfo e .v dnitcelolActitnediy no
widentify who those ith o tompelling uncybris model id ha hand,other the
riehttr lanoitidarutluc laromem sei dna .secalp ehTropsaid a ledomfo
identi-e vollecticwhose peoples y beed rjectemphatically is identity cultural
ties e arysically phtied o testrancal rerrtoies itand whose cultural memory
hes eacrback eons.
w o e,nehtHra dezilanoitutitsni stesrrutucfo re gnieb/gninre dnevvogog
o n(cid:147)otbe ecr apae Pr nuT -r elihe gnin ehtvts erWogrutucf o?derug eht etats
aweragno s dedulcniTrao iMts isnrimdaorat dna(cid:144) vda,sresi sa ehtmuesuM
rouratCfo rA t nahtano eJ enakoheMW ohw( sirao )iM dlot ,su ehttsr-cu
erut si :emosrebmu ceht erapestarapedt stnmefo eht muesum e erepotakil
(cid:142) .solis (cid:141) vidni lauid -underis ollection cart the of installation e vvatiinno7The
denimy b a kcalfo gnidnuf rof gats gni, ni ehtrats kyalpsidtnor tsaco t eht
$6 million e veractiintdigital xhibition eof w eN ealand,Ze mpletocwith
neercs remehpe la,sy dnaalpsid tnemesuma -gooG el pam h,ctuooofrednut
rap k r.seid sihT muesumrp sediflesti no sti gnippohs tnemniatofni/llam
.) edom 4.7fo gnitacudev srewei erugiF(
dluoC ew gami eni a tnereffid ledomfo titnedi y tahtog seezincr taht
vidni slauid dna spuogr nace vahre laesv seititnedi ?ylsuoenatlumish ucS a
The Art of Commodifying Artistry 149
ohwe vahreramtnir die rehtie erofeb ro retfararvi gni ni weN .dnalaeZ
srelttes naisA (cid:133)fo e ragimmir stna tneec tonr (cid:133) de tneserorpegir ni ta ,lla
dna seussifo rutluc layrbtidih y era rikse.dt ,ylraelC siht sirutlucib msila
desab no avitan tsi ledom tahtrogi detani sa ehtrc laciti noisrevnifo a
s tneroc ciur gnEidnats(cid:144)rednufo rutluc latitnedi ye d dnav olotniev eht etats
sritlu lamica reh.egati (cid:144) noitatneserperfo ehtnoitan
tneroc ciurE semehcsfo rutluc latitnedi y yam ebg yllablo ,detanimessid
eht stceffe nac mees,eo ecalp motcalpr F sy yllacol.degats tubaweht ela yra
s o bo-jolome dnatsre dsniu ehtttsipe (cid:144)tnororatcidcyro eht tnsaiih; rorc citi
g sei rotsrrutuc lagol ci taht erdvi .meht roF ,elpmaxe eht kcalfo yrb dih
sledomfo rutlucitlu msimla tahtty yfip smuesum dna ralupop erutluc ni
ustralasia Ay maat (cid:147) tsr meesrep gnixelp rorednuroeht dezio t enoemos
n merIAican .discussions ofe videntitx ollecti mpleyocc- familiar o wurith E
tsur aila eArehw ehtro ltasciih noitautis si tnereffid mo werfN,dnalae ehZt
e rew esehT .seicilop noitanegecsim tsilainoloc sedulcni porordkcab tlsaichi
ould c (cid:142) vagessa (cid:141) of (cid:142)e blood vnati (cid:141) xplicit assumption that the based on the e
fo (cid:142) derb eht (cid:141)tuo eb noitalupop guo hrht reramtnir.egai ,ruatyllaN eht
-kcab siht tsniaga yltnerereffidvy setanosertitnedi yfo cinhte ledom yrb dih
rutluc la (cid:133) dnuogrvitisnes seiti era yleritne ,tnereffidw ognio t tnereffid
ro latcsiih stneev gnidael puo t eht .tneserp
nevEw tuohti hcus a laino lo,c ehtycilop aedifo citenegrusv lavitr-sna
yltnet enuo se nir tonreff iedtalc sev in eseubonegidnir- enehelwiploaepah
deta morf rieht ,sdnal erehw elpoep eratry gnio t dloh otno riehtrutluc la
reh,egati netfoy bevr gnizilatitr snoitida decaffey b lainoloc seicilopfo
noitalimissa ni syaw taht(cid:147) t the emporarntocy rld. ow ,4when rethe ewvoH
dednufe T - apaP aweragnoT e muesutatsM serutaef aratnemucod y(cid:147) lm
gnitteg (cid:141) gnilims yl tnecsedrao iMfo vidni lauid deey - eulb ,deriah -e dr a tuoba
h ucm erom de sivolv nahtni-gdelwonkca (cid:142) ni hcuotw hti rehrao iMo,stor
tnemfo suonegidnitsercnay re noitanimted dna - ni flesropmeratnoc y
.teicosy erehT si,cinhte osla eh t- ticilpx se itlu eremrusa fo (cid:144) navidni lauid
sere emasrusa eht dnA gim taht.)eb re therutlucreh xv latahw(elpm egatioc
tsur de ni ,aila niti ny,setatS eht ninamrofA ylremU-oloc (cid:133) tsixe erehwesle
dezinrap stfo eht .dlrow ,deendI reevrehw suonegidni selpoep eratry gni
o t ecnavda rieht rig,sth eht seitixelpmocfo rutluc lareh egati dneto t teg
ed educro tstruggles een betwe statthe - and nation indigenous oups gr
flrestie tnemnv og eht erehw ,reewvoh ,dnalaeZ weNn I .gietnreyvos gnikees
detpoda arutlucib la ,ledom siht eveitcud emehrcs saww yleidrc deziciti sa
na lanoitutitsni noitadommoccafo tisre yvid taht seod ton yletauqeda
sserdda ehttilibissop yfo rao iMre gninimted sledom .ymonotuafo - fles
The Art of Commodifying Artistry 155
ehTrAttsiry fo ommotacfid ehT/noiC
mmoodi(cid:147)C tac noifo rAttsiry
Some museum shops (cid:141)e arstrictly limited to the basics: catalog s,a few
rp ,stni dna .sdractsop tuB ew evah erom yeelaw ,erehso Itr y ot(cid:147) nd a
she -said,gestur (cid:142)ange rfo exclusive but est intering and useful oducts,pr
al naturfo earrmade and ings pendants acelets,brfo y displaa d towaring
these see I (cid:141) os).eur118 to swvcarhor(47.20 patterin and n irns ine ved ls
or F (cid:142) (cid:144) Giovanna.feeling (cid:143) instantly m (cid:144)accessbeautafted orcIifully rand ies
(cid:147) annavoiG tink elbaroda eht sorue 08.4 sa elttil sa eek p can puppet nger
uoy ynapmoc no eht(cid:148) ight back home.
(cid:142) erocnassianetr tiaRP seripsnI tfiG pohS sdooG (cid:141) werdnA,nererF 10
rAt is not what ou ythink it is because what ou ythink it is is largely staged
ra(cid:147)itwo n stifo t serca ehtre sesa tahtrorf kwema aw nihti viruallyt e are W e.c
yllasrevinurohxe deto t egagnew htiraro skwtw tuohti tsidra,noitc safi
singular ideal an een betwontation nfrocunimpeded and ect dira imagining
we shon vthat e this hais a staged subject and a unique imagWinar y object.
noitisopatxujfo owt(cid:147) rAt ycst ions.waessaralnecily functions een betwthe
tidommoyc : etulosba ro tcnitsid dnara t )etulosba ro( suomonofotua sel op
nstoedr uctc(cid:147)- o two c ctions.The es practicof some emporarntocy artists
e vhafocused ectly diron this sleight of hand ed practicin the oscillation
(cid:147)o twthose een betw ehT y .tidommoyc etulosba dnara t suomonotua ,snoitc
tsnomede r attaht e hstmsinahc ermofrcsa gnibi o eulav euqintura t stcejbo
dna esohtre gninvog eht egnahcxe eulavfo rehtotidommo ycrof sm era
fundamentally indistinguishable.
rA stsit liegnimmu sNC dnaar M aisy ,aksw rofodnawe-maxL,elpmaxee
ined the social ole rof art and other objects in the de(cid:147) noitin dnarbaf-aci
noitfo rutluc la ,seulav ni ares seifo stcejorp taht taetr sisylana dna
etation erintpras artistic oducts prequal o ty displaand n xhibition.eItheir
book The alue Vfo Things (2000) they ed mparocart and money as o tw
ys cilobm,smeroptsysytr gnia eht gnolrotsih y efocnegrev ne ewtebno ehtc
ra t muesum ro(rellag )y dna ehtrapedt tnme erots sa a(cid:147)ed ning er haptcin
ehtredom n noitulossidfo evrp ylsuoi raelc ro( ylraelcgami-ac )deniramed
eht y ,eugra (cid:142) ,eualV (cid:141) .) snoit 9.7 neewteb ehtrutluc la dna cimonoce erugiF(
rafgduj stnem morf edam gniebguo tne hrhtrehni (cid:141) ni gniht,s sdneped no
e w vthat ith people their hathings at speci(cid:147) (cid:142) ersountenc c times and in spe-
ci(cid:147) c es.Theplacy focus upon the o twessentially quintmodern institutions
154 Art Is Not What You Think It Is
dna retam,slairoropcni gnita rorbme gnica elpitlum ,sevitcepsrepretam-i
ally and ,on viruallytand with .ar tistry ace!mbrE highliged htthe ential pot
xelpmoc eht gnitcane secneiduay b stnemegagnegoerrho cihapc ylesrevid rof
ra(cid:147)it ehtroropcni gnita gnidliub, ehtfo ygoporthpa itself orship spectatof e c
o intthe dramaturgy s of arti(cid:147) (cid:144)xpereiencing Libeskind e c sareffo gni na
who aroftists the agencies the (cid:133) agencies ultiplied mfor ential pote vxpansie
detceles rieht wo n noitibihxe ,secaps eht seicnega fo eht v srewie
dna noitibihxerapfo eht sa t noitibihxefo eht noitallatsni eht dhectaw ohw
er lated eractintwith the installations ).e (Figur7.8 ace!mbrE rae yltsen
guos tho t redner eht stceffefo ehtra t dna stigats gni neporpoo -aitrppaer
tion y boutines rof using and nstoruing cthat y mabe at odds with what
eht,tce,tih ehtc roraroruc ehttara stsit ye am vah.dednetni
-seuq eltbus sesiar muesum eht nihtw inoitibihxe sifhot ssendetautis ehT
e t ilhawnoitnevno estsnhcaiiit,dellortno ylct ghlilt igstnisriehy tve (cid:133) sn oit
,ebuc tub eht seirtebil taht !ecarbmE koot ni gnyialp htwi eht erutcurtss i
s noiton yltcaxfoe ni(cid:144)(cid:147)igni senil htwi adrrieD no itac d n.ayalp 9 tI sref foa
nariatriohtua ledom -fo non gninrael dna laicos tnemegagne nihtwie ht
muesu mdeviecnoc sa htob na lanoitac undoeitutitsni dna ae lbarusaelp
em itsa.p r oefI rutyvsi iise tnlecoaitrio bmdieh ritx eh,d cslueugsieotwarts
? gniht doog a eb tnemniatofni naC ?noitutitsni lacihte erom a eb muesum eht
erugiF 8.7 , saibo regrebheRT lldobler and d warEdils on .OWin (cid:246) the RainBert H ,
9002wohs gni gnuoyv srewiere gnitcatniw hti eht .erutplucs noitallatsnIv wiefo
ace!mbrE re ,vre.sll.9A002 t.muesuneD otohPffeMJ W
The Art of Commodifying Artistry 153
erugiF 6.7 sso:muesu rncoritcesA ref otvM nor o tlimaneD dna htHgnidliu.NsB
o PhotStudio Daniel Libeskind iller (SDL)/M ale,d.,HLt2011.
erugiF 7.7 noitallatsnIv wiefo ace!mbrE o rertoh.PmuesuA v tne.D900.2Mv o,N
Donald eziosi.rP
lanoitatnorfretn ugonicnefo lanoitnevnoc .snoitibihxet I saw na ticilpxe
s arti(cid:147) (cid:144)ess o Libeskinde mpt addrtatt e wc hti a gnizilrietsu seifo,sretnuo cne
tinummo yc srebmem dna muesum dnara t slanoisseforp ni ares seifo
stneev tahte rew dednetni o t dna( )dide v relovevo emit dna .esu
n Intorast co tunsthalle the in Kamburg Hand y manother institutions,
ace!mbrE ed organiz was - y bo cor curat and artists o t ound egrfor the
swo n ra(cid:147)it(cid:144) muesum e c ni elpitlum snoisnemid gnisurevy esrevid snaem
152 Art Is Not What You Think It Is
rbmE gnicarAti(cid:147) e c r enivneD
object (cid:133) useum estasgueb ject emthink and ro rempt tnt atetecA r -encounter
ing notlimaH wen s (cid:144) muesurAM t revneD eht ta detnuom noitibihxe na saw
Daniel y bdesigned and 2006 in opened ste rclad uctur- titanium a uildingB,
de , ntiautis noitatnognimeesw, dyrnlfinksebiLo citsinogatna htic ehtredlo
ekil gnidliubfo - r rehta ,1791rof ssetgisedr deny b esenaliM tcetihcra oiG
nti oP and ).The clad xhibition,ewith called gy ra7.5 reamic ctiles e (Figur
ace!mbrE , denepo ni rebmevo N 9002 dna desolc xis shtnom .retal 8 t Iwas
dezinagroy b hprohCtsirnie,hci ehtH wen rotceridfo eht e,muesuvmrp-i
ellahtsnuK grubmaH eht tara tropmeratnoC y dnaored nMfo rouratC ylsuo
an (cid:133) institution and building h whicwas (cid:142)e whita cube(cid:141) essential quint
s revneD muesum ,muesu sawm(cid:144)o t a hcihw- esnopser dniksebiL dna fles
nscious oc antithesis.
section diagram es indicat- the functional The vdiisions oss croriginally
s uniquely shaped galleries dly wkwar (ashaped,(cid:144)in ed allotto tthe useumm
ehtv wiefo ynam nehw eht muesum denepo ,) ni tub )6002 6.7 erugiF(
nehwrnie hciH saw detnioppaark M nosiddA rouratCfo ored nM dna
emporarntoC y r,At he -in ed eervacuatvDenvirually tthe e entirLibeskind
gised den gnidliub dnarut den ti revoo t 71 denoissimmocra stsit morf
rope,oth urNmerfrAEica,Aica,and sia Ao tradically imageine rthe use-m
s es spacand e eatrsely ecre vdiveractiintpossibilities for v iew(cid:144)ing,using um
(cid:147)iceps - llA.)fo ehtallvidni lauid etis 7.7 srellag sei erugiF( (cid:144) fo eht gnidliub c
roks,wy manof h whicy cupoce morthan one enclosed gallery e spacand
(cid:148) eno naht eromo rehtegt knilv yllauis dna ypucco sesacre laesv ni e,rew , oro
-noc eht ezitamelborpo gisedt den,erehwesle snoitallatsni tneecr ynam ekil
erugiF 5.7 revneDrA t :muesu M ( left ) Daniel Libeskind, ect,hitcarederic rF C.
( ;6002 gnidliuB, notlimaH right ects,hitcar es,ssociatA ,udlerSames Jand nti oPGio )
roth N uildingB, 1971.o PhotStudio Daniel Libeskind iller (SDL)/M ale,H d.,Lt
2011.
160 Art Is Not What You Think It Is
01.7 erugiF 1967). .b (Danish,Eliasson Olafur Dufttunnel 2004. ),(cid:142) unnel Tent Sc (cid:141)(
wall(cid:148)w elloy soil, pots,reamic c ors,mot eel,stStainless .egas dna v,teloiroh den , rewo
nstallation I ,viewostadt tuA GmbH, olfsburg, ,WyGerman 2004.o Photouresy ct
allimaCr dnulegaK noflaheb fo rufalO .nossailE
gnikam sa hcih aW semocrap r a-lucitwodn o t gnidnuogerrof ra t mode
fo social vbehaing with espect rto things , sa na ssenerawa no ehtrap tfo
ra(cid:147)itfo ehtvidni slau di -ratitnedi (cid:141) o t evreitantlan A .erpcitcawo n fo riehte c
snoisrevfo ehtfles stsix(cid:142)e nehwe wog eezicnr ehtrusnemmotilibacni ynai
een betwcultural rlds owas a hallenge cin cultural translation that sets out
o te eatcra d thiror interstitial space erehw emose lelvfo egnah c naxce(cid:148) w o
indig-of identities ed esentprer- self and beliefs e prvatithe negating without
suonen .spuoIgr hcusre ntse a esruo c sdidriht no,e ehtcaps eht railimafW
sesnesfo gis th dna hcuot laeevr sevlesmeht sa tub eno(cid:147)iceps c rennamfo
y bodand ofmind erermatactions intial x mpleochighly the about speaking
saw hti (cid:133) rieht gnik atmnemnvoirne ssecor pgnoma eht - sesnes ni ynara t
oline Carnes oJed has estigatntly veecrinin Sensorium . 20
e W nioj srehto ni gami gnini na aedifo ra tfo eht erutuf sa deidobme
wledge e pkrnoacticthat is (cid:148) elbixe elbi tdpneao tcsusrufrae rehtr noitalucit
dnae(cid:147)edr making es practicas embodied - for ms nition.rAticulating of art
ogcnition will not in itselfe vthe soldilemmas of the nt mmodi(cid:147)eocurrc ed
ra t .me ttsysuB hcus a noitazilautpecnoecrfo tahwra t seod dna what that
The Art of Commodifying Artistry 159
erehwe w era(cid:142) demuserp e noitalr,o traluces ruo gnidnatsrednufo (cid:141) ra t sa
o tbe drifting in an endless sea of semiosis.
The rful ewpoarticulations y brauss Kand others of the logic of xi-inde
cality ecalls rthe linguistic, semiological,and emologepistical xts entocin
h which sucarticulations ew grand (cid:148) ruo.dehsi enOfo eht tsom(cid:148)ni uential
of those was the ultifunctional mparadigm ofe vv unaicctaitimmitoy c(cid:147) tsr
ra detalucit emos ruof nierehw sedaced ,nosbo ogay aknamobRJ a sucof no
ehtsseco serpfo gisyfin gnistifle ed nstituotcthe poetic or aesthetic function
pologoi-ta in xists eys waalthis that is point crucial The unication.mmoofc
lactamr xi tneserpfo snoitcnuf - rehto ,citahp(o c ,citehtsea ,rohxroetaty
hcae ni ,).cravte,ey v gniitome seeged,laitnerforefe ercne nimo rorp-imod
nation in a n egvie. instanc 17 hcihW semocwodn o t na noitaicerppafo
making as a particular - art mode fo social vbehaing with espect rto things ,as
na ssenerawa no ehtrap tfo vidni slauidfo ehtra(cid:147)it e cfo riehtwo n
e. practic 18
gninoekcRw htignihT s
fI an arork twy ma be ood understxtually entocas ything anving haan aes-
thetic function at certain times and in certain places for certain individuals
dnag spuor rofrapt ralucirupsopse ,then y anh sucfunction is itself (cid:148) uid,
eht no gnidneped ,deudbus ro tnetop ,tnesba ro tneserp gnitfihs, ,leanoitalr
rap ralucit snoitidnocfo sti gatsgni. ehTrok wfo e cidnalcI/hsinaDra tsit
-Olafur Eliasson is y orespecially in ewthnotd this egarin ourragencing self
e(cid:148)r rap eht no snoitan imaxfo te efo ses-speefo sroccovtatceps xireprp ehet
assumptions ysical metaphand cultural, social,ed nnectocerinttheir and tion
).The artist functions as a 7.10 y,ourse ing pladiscenablerwith the e (Figur
lacitcelaid tnemegagnefo eht owt selopfo eht tcejbus sarogirani y retnec
fo gninaem dna eht noiton taht gninaem stsixerp roio t eht tcejbus dna si
ed mediaty b language.
gnitsisnoc ,sfooiduts ylraen ee nerhtzvodidni slauid ni a-obal (cid:144) nossailE
ra dna t,srerokw esruocsid gised/tce,srentihcra rorfoat gnittesy ,srorbaf taci
lacihcre inhira stitsidr noituibfo ylop sre tcniunoohpcne - siro itn,asntasiih
(cid:147)various een betw scienti(cid:147)and wledge knoof elds apart it sets This . inquiryc
.srehto ynam dna o,snoK ur,imakatsro noiftocudo etlcyaf ehtr pmo yM rf 19
nossailE syalp ylerebiledta no dnaw hti siht lacixrapoda tcejbus ,noitisop
etsoyfisngni the arti(cid:147) dna (cid:142) e c rebmemfo - eht maet ymotohcid (cid:141) neewteb
ro eciovfo eht.oiduts (cid:142)rb dna rohcna(cid:141)
158 Art Is Not What You Think It Is
ehttsrrutuc lagol cifo ehtgoloeht y taht saw ro stie-al nitsih lacirtsbuse,rat
s ymonotua (cid:144) dna ra t(cid:142)ralucesti y s (cid:141) maerd pihsnoitfo o t(cid:144) hcihwredomtin y
saw .dednuof
er rof Ł seuqacJ eno icnaR sah dellac rof ar rehci dna erom xelpmoc
redom-n ehty b dereffo taht nahtrofo scitehttsseiah yfo eht gnidnatsrednu
tsi noitonfo eht ymonotuafo ra t gnitanimod setabed tuoba eht-enoitalr
pihsfo ra to t ehttidommo yc morf nimajneBo trod onAo t grebneerGo t
ehtrc laciti ererutatil no eseht(cid:147) e r srefero t aglatson ci maerd Ł .se icnaRrug
of (cid:142)eenth modernitninety aesthetic e sinc egrime- haunting (cid:141)the this mid
rutnec y rof a gis,n a gisnon n(cid:142) taht sirah l acitnedicuecitsio t (cid:141) ,laitnerefer -
sti .tnerefer 14 ehTgol cifo tilacixedni yra detalucity br ssuaK dna srehto ni
laitnereferraro kwtfo eht - s0791e noitalro sawt ehtys citamotpm flesfo a
gis .n laitnerefer - nonfo a mae rd ralimis 15discus-those in e stakat was hat W
-rappa eht dna rrohotuak,fotiw ehtfo y eht gnidnuo dohtemg r a saw snois
namuh (cid:142) tnera ssensselt wtuohtifo eht gotohpr,hap sti (cid:141)tr refsnafo e rutan
,rneoitnetni sawv agiop tnan melbmefo stiwo n tr.htu
ehT noitseuqfo tahw seeraugtna ehttr htufo na egami setanoserw hti
eht ecnegremefo redom n(cid:147)itneics c snoitonfo ehttr htufo ,vitcejbo satiy
nosilaG dna notsaDe vah yltneecr deugra nitr gnica eht noituloevfo eht
lasrevinu laedifo tr htuo t erutanguoht hro tlsaichi segats morfgr gnitna a
erutanfo tr refsna citamotua na nifeileb aguo hrht rohtua ehtfo elortner lac
o t eht egapw tuohti ehtre noitnetnivfo na rohtua ni( eht ylrae htneetenin
rutnec,)yo t ehtwo gnigroge noiticnr ni eht ylrae hteitnewtrutnec yfo a
.daeteand rof(cid:142) ehtgduj tnem wrafo rexpe st (cid:141)o t teretnirp 16 emoS fo siht
s snoissucsidfo ro eht noitulo latcsiihfoev snoiton (cid:144) sewtanosetluacuo rhtiF
fo ,pihsrohtua tub ti osla esllacr eht smelborpfo eht elorfo ehtra tsit ni
fo det rcasI.segami osla setanoser (cid:142) trhtu (cid:141) ylraEored nM snoissucsidfo eht
na sae cilr ehtfo melborp ehtw hti index nnectiono cect dira manifesting as ,
w hti eht tsap ecneserpfo a dercas :nosrep nara sselt .ratsitry
e v deugra taht eht (cid:144)rhC naitsigolotno y foe segamiW tone ty detnuocca
tsropmeregami ehrtra no ttirnutuco esruo no la sesopmic cysid ruo y ni rof
gol cifo na e detaucavgoloehty .tneCr lao t taht si eht tneicsinmo eey dna
dnimfo eht laedi rovid eni roraugtnafo gninaem ni tr lanoitida,goloehty
y odat internalized into and as the stal ructurmechanics fo the system ,its
gram.sni sti no kaepso t gnimeesro t)ssinhai rc,sciti ,srohtua( seciov gnilbane
This is the nostalgic,e rhareucistic argues eam drŁ haunts that the Ranci
redom negr emifo ra t dna .scitehtsea ehT maerdfo a tsol rohcnagni. A
maerd oslafo nara sselt ra,t eht noitacoevfo eht melborpfo ehtrohtuati y
fo ehtra citsit .egami sihT desserppus roe devropatarotsih y sah esre navni