Art in an Age of Civil Struggle, 1848-1871 (A Social History of Modern Art)

906 Pages·2008·13.65 MB·English

by  Albert Boime

Art in an Age of Civil Struggle, 1848–1871

a social history of modern art
volume 4
Art in an Age of
Civil Struggle
1848–1871
Albert Boime
The University of Chicago Press
Chicago & London
Albert Boime is professor of art history at the University of California, Los Angeles.
The author is grateful to the Brockthorne Foundation for its support of this project.
The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637
The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London
© 2007 by The University of Chicago
All rights reserved. Published 2007
Printed in the United States of America
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 1 2 3 4 5
isbn-13: 978-0-226-06328-7 (cloth)
isbn-10: 0-226-06328-3 (cloth)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Boime, Albert.
Art in an age of civil struggle, 1848–1871 / Albert Boime.
p. cm.—(A social history of modern art; v. 4)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn-13: 978-0-226-06328-7 (cloth : alk. paper)
isbn-10: 0-226-06328-3 (cloth: alk. paper)
1. Art, European—19th century. 2. Art and society—Europe—History—19th
century. 3. Art and revolutions—Europe—History—19th century. 4. Realism in
art—Europe.
I. Title.
N6757.B63 2008
709.03'4—dc22
2007009848
∞ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the Ameri-
can National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed
Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992.
For Robert Rosenblum

Contents
Illustrations ix
Introduction 1
1 Springtime and Winter of the People in France, 1848–1852 5
2 Radical Realism and Its Offspring 77
3 Radical Realism Continued 139
4 The Pre-Raphaelites and the 1848 Revolutions 225
5 The Macchia and the Risorgimento 365
6 Cultural Inflections of Slavery and Manifest Destiny
in America 403
7 Biedermeier Culture and the Revolutions of 1848 471
8 The Second Empire’s Official Realism 577
9 Edouard Manet: Man About Town 633
10 The Franco-Prussian War, the French Commune,
and the Threshold of Impressionism 737
Coda: Menzel and the Transition to Empire 783
Notes 801
Photo Credits 863
Index 865
vii

Illustrations
chapter 1
1.1 Thomas Couture, The Enrollment of the Volunteers 15
1.2 Auguste Vinchon, The Volunteer Enrollment of 1792 19
1.3 Thomas Couture, The Enrollment of the Volunteers 22
1.4 Thomas Couture, The Enrollment of the Volunteers 22
1.5 Thomas Couture, The Enrollment 23
1.6 Thomas Couture, French Volunteer 24
1.7 Thomas Couture, Man Pulling a Cannon 24
1.8 Thomas Couture, Study of the Mayor of Paris as George Washington 26
1.9 Thomas Couture, tracing of a detail of a reproduction of David’s Sabines 27
1.10 Thomas Couture, Father and Son 27
1.11 Ange-Louis Janet-Lange, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 42
1.12 Pierre-Roch Vigneron, sheet of studies of sketches of the Republic 44
1.13 Pierre-Roch Vigneron, sheet of studies, detail 44
1.14 Hippolyte Flandrin, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 44
1.15 Dominique-Louis Papety, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 46
1.16 Honoré Daumier, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 46
1.17 Honoré Daumier, Last Council of the Ex-Ministers 47
1.18 Honoré Daumier, The Divorcées 49
1.19 Jean-Léon Gérôme, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 50
1.20 Sébastien-Melchior Cornu, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 50
1.21 Charles Landelle, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 52
1.22 Pierre-Roch Vigneron, sheet of studies, detail 54
1.23 Bertall, Bertall à la recherche de la meilleure des Républiques 55
1.24 Tony Johannot, La République 56
1.25 Jean-François Soitoux, Symbolic Figure of the Republic 57
1.26 Jean-Jacques Barre, Seal of the Republic 59
1.27 Jean-Jacques Barre, State Seal, obverse and reverse 60
1.28 The Republican Medal and Its Reverse 61
ix