Art History, Combined Volume (4th Edition) PDF
Preview Art History, Combined Volume (4th Edition)
00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:04 Page i ART HISTORY 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:08 Page ii 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:05 Page iii A RT H I S TO RY VOLUME ONE | FOURTHEDITION MARILYN STOKSTAD Judith Harris Murphy Distinguished Professor of Art History Emerita The University of Kansas MICHAEL W. COTHREN Scheuer Family Professor of Humanities Department of Art, Swarthmore College CONTRIBUTORS Frederick M. Asher, Douglass Bailey, David A. Binkley, Claudia L. Brittenham, Claudia Brown, Patricia J. Darish, Patricia J. Graham, and D. Fairchild Ruggles Prentice Hall 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:05 Page iv Editorial Director:Craig Campanella This book was designed by Editor-in-Chief:Sarah Touborg Laurence King Publishing Ltd, London Senior Sponsoring Editor:Helen Ronan www.laurenceking.com Editorial Project Manager:David Nitti Editorial Assistant:Carla Worner Commissioning Editor: Kara Hattersley-Smith Editor-in-Chief, Development:Rochelle Diogenes Senior Editors: Melissa Danny/Sophie Page Development Editors:Margaret Manos and Cynthia Ward Production Manager:Simon Walsh Media Director:Brian Hyland Page Design:Nick Newton/Randell Harris Media Editor:Alison Lorber Photo Researcher:Emma Brown Media Project Manager:Rich Barnes Copy Editors:Tessa Clark/Jenny Knight/Robert Shore/ Director of Marketing:Brandy Dawson Johanna Stephenson Senior Marketing Manager:Kate Mitchell Proofreader:Jennifer Speake Marketing Assistant:Craig Deming Indexer:Sue Farr Senior Managing Editor:Ann Marie McCarthy Assistant Managing Editor:Melissa Feimer Production Project Managers:Barbara Cappuccio and Marlene Gassler Senior Operations and Manufacturing Manager:Nick Sklitsis Senior Operations Specialist:Brian Mackey Manager of Design Development:John Christiana Art Director and Interior Design:Kathy Mrozek Cover Design:Kathy Mrozek Site Supervisor, Pearson Imaging Center:Joe Conti Pearson Imaging Center:Corin Skidds, Robert Uibelhoer, and Ron Walko Cover Printer:Lehigh-Phoenix Color Printer/Binder:Courier/Kendallville Cover photo: Reclining couple on a sarcophagus from Cerveteri. c. 520 BCE. Terra cotta, length 67 (2.06 m). Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome. Scala, Florence/Art Resource, NY. Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text or on the credit pages in the back of this book. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Stokstad, Marilyn Art History / Marilyn Stokstad, Michael W. Cothren; contributors, Frederick M. Asher [eg al.]. 4th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-205-74422-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0205-74422-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Art History. I. Cothren, Michael Watt. II. Asher, Frederick M. III Title. N5300.S923 2011 709 dc22 2010001489 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-205-74420-6 ISBN 13: 978-0-205-74420-6 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:05 Page v BRIEF CONTENTS CONTENTSv PREFACE xiii WHAT S NEW xv PEARSON CHOICES AND RESOURCES xviii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND GRATITUDE xix USE NOTES xxi STARTER KIT xxii INTRODUCTION xxvi 1 10 CHINESE AND KOREAN ART PREHISTORIC ART 1 BEFORE 1279 324 2 11 ART OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 26 JAPANESE ART BEFORE 1333 354 3 12 ART OF ANCIENT EGYPT 48 ART OF THE AMERICAS BEFORE 1300 376 4 13 ART OF THE ANCIENT AEGEAN 80 EARLY AFRICAN ART 402 5 14 ART OF ANCIENT GREECE 100 EARLY MEDIEVAL ART IN EUROPE 422 6 15 ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN ART 158 ROMANESQUE ART 452 7 JEWISH, EARLY CHRISTIAN, AND 16 GOTHIC ART OF THE TWELFTH AND BYZANTINE ART 216 THIRTEENTH CENTURIES 490 8 ISLAMIC ART 260 17 FOURTEENTH-CENTURY ART IN EUROPE 528 9 ART OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA BEFORE 1200 290 CONTEMPORARY WORLD MAP 560 GLOSSARY 561 BIBLIOGRAPHY 570 CREDITS 582 INDEX 584 V 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:05 Page vi 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:06 Page vii CONTENTS PREFACE xiii WHATS NEW xv PEARSON CHOICES AND RESOURCES xviii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND GRATITUDE xix USE NOTES xxi STARTER KIT xxii INTRODUCTION xxvi 1 BOXES C H * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS A PREHISTORIC ART 1 Art as Spoils of War Protection or Theft? 32 P T The Code of Hammurabi 38 E R * THE OBJECT SPEAKS A Lyre from a Royal Tomb in Ur 34 THE STONE AGE 2 * A CLOSER LOOK Enemies Crossing the Euphrates to Escape Assyrian Archers 41 THE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD 2 * TECHNIQUE Shelter or Architecture? 4 Cuneiform Writing 30 Artifacts or Works of Art? 5 Textiles 43 Cave Painting 8 Cave Sculptures 12 THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD 13 3 Architecture 13 C H ART OF Sculpture and Ceramics 20 A P ANCIENT EGYPT 48 NEW METALLURGY, ENDURING STONE 22 TE The Bronze Age 22 R Rock Carvings 23 THE GIFT OF THE NILE 50 BOXES EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT, C. 2950 2575 BCE 50 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS The God-Kings 50 The Power of Naming 6 Artistic Conventions 51 Intentional House Burning 20 Funerary Architecture 53 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS THE OLD KINGDOM, C. 2575 2150 BCE 55 Prehistoric Woman and Man 24 The Great Pyramids at Giza 55 Sculpture 59 * A CLOSER LOOK Pictorial Relief in Tombs 61 A House in Çatalhöyük 15 THE MIDDLE KINGDOM, C. 1975 C. 1640 BCE 62 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Portraits of Senusret III 62 Early Construction Methods 16 Rock-Cut Tombs 62 * TECHNIQUE Funerary Stelae 63 Prehistoric Wall Painting 10 Town Planning 64 Pottery and Ceramics 22 THE NEW KINGDOM, C. 1539 1075 BCE 64 * RECOVERING THE PAST The Great Temple Complexes 65 How Early Art is Dated 12 Hatshepsut 67 The Tomb of Ramose 69 Akhenaten and the Art of the Amarna Period 70 The Return to Tradition: Tutankhamun and Ramses II 72 2 The Books of the Dead 76 C THE THIRD INTERMEDIATE PERIOD, C. 1075 715 BCE 78 H ART OF THE ANCIENT A LATE EGYPTIAN ART, C. 715 332 BCE 79 P NEAR EAST 26 T E BOXES R * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS Egyptian Symbols 51 THE FERTILE CRESCENT AND MESOPOTAMIA 28 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS Sumer 28 The Temples of Ramses II at Abu Simbel 74 Akkad 33 * A CLOSER LOOK Ur and Lagash 36 The Palette of Narmer 52 Babylon 37 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE THE HITTITES OF ANATOLIA 37 Mastaba to Pyramid 55 ASSYRIA 39 * TECHNIQUE Kalhu 39 Preserving The Dead 56 Dur Sharrukin 41 Egyptian Pictorial Relief 65 Nineveh 43 Glassmaking 73 NEO-BABYLONIA 43 * RECOVERING THE PAST PERSIA 44 The Rosetta Stone 77 CONTENTS VII 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:06 Page viii 4 Who Owns the Art? The Elgin Marblesand the Euphronios Krater C 135 H ART OF THE ANCIENT A Women at a Fountain House 139 PT AEGEAN 80 Women Artists in Ancient Greece 148 E Greek Theaters 150 R The Celts 152 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS THE BRONZE AGE IN THE AEGEAN 82 The Tomb of the Diver 122 THE CYCLADIC ISLANDS 82 * A CLOSER LOOK THE MINOAN CIVILIZATION ON CRETE 84 The Euphronios Krater 119 The Old Palace Period, c. 1900 1700 BCE 84 The New Palace Period, c. 1700 1450 BCE 86 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE The Greek Orders 110 THE MYCENAEAN (HELLADIC) CULTURE 92 Helladic Architecture 92 * TECHNIQUE Mycenaean Tombs 95 Color in Greek Sculpture 113 Ceramic Arts 99 Black-Figure and Red-Figure 120 The Canon of Polykleitos 134 BOXES * RECOVERING THE PAST * THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Riace Warriors 127 The Lion Gate 96 * A CLOSER LOOK The Flotilla Fresco from Akrotiri 92 6 C * TECHNIQUE H ETRUSCAN AND A Aegean Metalwork 87 P ROMANART 158 T * RECOVERING THE PAST E R Pioneers of Aegean Archaeology 91 The Mask of Agamemnon 95 THE ETRUSCANS 160 Etruscan Architecture 160 5 Etruscan Temples 160 C H ART OF Tomb Chambers 162 A Works in Bronze 166 P ANCIENT GREECE 100 T THE ROMANS 168 E R Origins of Rome 168 Roman Religion 169 THE EMERGENCE OF GREEK CIVILIZATION 102 THE REPUBLIC, 509 27 BCE 169 Historical Background 102 Portrait Sculpture 169 Religious Beliefs and Sacred Places 102 Roman Temples 173 GREEK ART C. 900 C. 600 BCE 102 THE EARLY EMPIRE, 27 BCE 96 CE 174 The Geometric Period 102 Art in the Age of Augustus 174 The Orientalizing Period 105 The Julio-Claudians 178 Roman Cities and the Roman Home 178 THE ARCHAIC PERIOD, C. 600 480 BCE 107 Wall Painting 181 The Sanctuary at Delphi 107 The Flavians 187 Temples 108 Free-standing Sculpture 114 THE HIGH IMPERIAL ART OF TRAJAN AND HADRIAN 190 Painted Pots 117 Imperial Architecture 191 Imperial Portraits 201 THE EARLY CLASSICAL PERIOD, C. 480 450 BCE 119 Marble Sculpture 121 THE LATE EMPIRE, THIRD AND FOURTH CENTURIES 203 Bronze Sculpture 124 The Severan Dynasty 204 Ceramic Painting 127 The Soldier Emperors 204 Constantine the Great 208 THE HIGH CLASSICAL PERIOD, C. 450 400 BCE 128 Roman Art after Constantine 213 The Acropolis 129 The Parthenon 130 BOXES The Propylaia and the Erechtheion 136 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS The Temple of Athena Nike 137 Roman Writers on Art 169 The Athenian Agora 138 City Plans 138 Roman Portraiture 170 Stele Sculpture 140 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS Painting 141 The Ara Pacis Augustae 176 THE LATE CLASSICAL PERIOD, C. 400 323 BCE 142 * A CLOSER LOOK Sculpture 143 Sarcophagus with the Indian Triumph of Dionysus 206 The Art of the Goldsmith 146 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Painting and Mosaics 146 Roman Architectural Orders 163 THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD, 323 31/30 BCE 149 The Roman Arch 172 The Corinthian Order in Hellenistic Architecture 149 Roman Vaulting 188 Sculpture 151 Concrete 196 BOXES * TECHNIQUE * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS Roman Mosaics 202 Greek and Roman Deities 104 * RECOVERING THE PAST Classic and Classical 124 The Mildenhall Treasure 214 VIII CONTENTS 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:06 Page ix 7 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS C The Great Mosque of Cordoba 268 H JEWISH, EARLY CHRISTIAN, AND A * A CLOSER LOOK P BYZANTINE ART 216 T A Mamluk Glass Oil Lamp 273 E R * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Arches 271 JEWS, CHRISTIANS, AND MUSLIMS 218 * TECHNIQUE Early Jewish Art 218 Ornament 264 Early Christian Art 222 Carpet Making 286 IMPERIAL CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE AND ART 226 Architecture 226 9 Sculpture 229 C Ravenna 230 H ART OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST A EARLY BYZANTINE ART 233 P ASIA BEFORE1200 290 The Golden Age of Justinian 233 TE Objects of Veneration and Devotion 242 R Icons and Iconoclasm 244 MIDDLE BYZANTINE ART 246 THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT 292 Architecture and Mosaics 247 INDUS CIVILIZATION 292 Objects of Veneration and Devotion 252 THE VEDIC PERIOD 295 LATE BYZANTINE ART 254 THE MAURYA PERIOD 295 Constantinople: The Chora Church 254 Moscow: Rublyov 259 THE PERIOD OF THE SHUNGAS AND EARLY ANDHRAS 298 Stupas 298 Buddhist Rock-Cut Halls 302 BOXES THE KUSHAN AND LATER ANDHRA PERIODS 302 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS The Gandhara Style 303 Narrative and Iconic 224 The Mathura Style 303 The Life of Jesus 231 The Southeast Indian Style 305 Naming Christian Churches: Designation + Dedication + Location THE FOURTH THROUGH SEVENTH CENTURIES 306 239 Buddhist Sculpture 306 Scroll and Codex 243 Painting 306 Iconoclasm 246 The Early Northern Temple 308 * THE OBJECT SPEAKS Monumental Narrative Reliefs 309 The Funerary Chapel of Theodore Metochites 256 The Early Southern Temple 312 * A CLOSER LOOK THE EIGHTH THROUGH THE FOURTEENTH CENTURIES The Mosaic Floor of the Beth Alpha Synagogue 221 312 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE The Monumental Northern Temple 313 The Monumental Southern Temple 317 Longitudinal-Plan and Central-Plan Churches 228 The Bhakti Movement in Art 318 Pendentives and Squinches 236 ART OF SOUTHEAST ASIA 319 * RECOVERING THE PAST Dura-Europos 223 BOXES * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS Buddhism 297 8 Hinduism 298 C Mudras 304 H A ISLAMIC ART 260 Meaning and Ritual in Hindu Temples and Images 310 P T * THE OBJECT SPEAKS E R Shiva Nataraja of the Chola Dynasty 314 * A CLOSER LOOK ISLAM AND EARLY ISLAMIC SOCIETY 262 Descent of the Ganges Relief, Mamallapuram 313 ART AND ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE FOURTEENTH * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE CENTURY 265 Stupas and Temples 301 Early Architecture 265 THE LATER PERIOD 270 10 Architecture of the Mediterranean 271 C Architecture of the East 275 H CHINESE AND KOREAN ART A Portable Arts 276 P BEFORE 1279 324 The Arts of the Book 279 T E Manuscript Painting 280 R ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE THREE EMPIRES 282 The Ottoman Empire 282 THE MIDDLE KINGDOM 326 The Safavid Dynasty 285 NEOLITHIC CULTURES 326 Mughal Dynasty 288 Painted Pottery Cultures 326 THE MODERN ERA 289 Liangzhu Culture 326 BRONZE AGE CHINA 328 BOXES Shang Dynasty 328 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS Zhou Dynasty 329 The Five Pillars of Islam 267 THE CHINESE EMPIRE: QIN DYNASTY 332 CONTENTS IX 00_VOL1_PRELIMS_PI-XXV.qxd:0205744206 5/5/10 14:06 Page x HAN DYNASTY 332 12 Philosophy and Art 333 C H ART OF THE AMERICAS Architecture 335 A P BEFORE 1300 376 SIX DYNASTIES 335 T E Painting 336 R Calligraphy 337 Buddhist Art and Architecture 338 SUI AND TANG DYNASTIES 338 THE NEW WORLD 378 Buddhist Art and Architecture 339 MESOAMERICA 378 Figure Painting 343 The Olmec 378 SONG DYNASTY 344 Teotihuacan 381 Philosophy: Neo-Confucianism 345 The Maya 384 Northern Song Painting 345 CENTRAL AMERICA 390 Southern Song Painting and Ceramics 348 SOUTH AMERICA: THE CENTRAL ANDES 391 THE ARTS OF KOREA 350 Chavin de Huantar 391 The Three Kingdoms Period 350 The Paracas and Nazca Cultures 392 The Unified Silla Period 352 The Moche Culture 393 Goryeo Dynasty 352 NORTH AMERICA 395 BOXES The East 395 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS The North American Southwest 397 Chinese Characters 331 Daoism 334 BOXES Confucius and Confucianism 337 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS * THE OBJECT SPEAKS Maya Writing 385 The Silk Road during the Tang Period 342 The Cosmic Ballgame 389 * A CLOSER LOOK * THE OBJECT SPEAKS Rubbing of a stone relief 335 Rock Art 400 * ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE * A CLOSER LOOK Pagodas 345 Maya Stela 387 * TECHNIQUE * TECHNIQUE Andean Textiles 394 Piece-Mold Casting 329 11 13 C C H JAPANESE ART H APTER BEFORE 1333 354 APTER EARLY AFRICAN ART 402 PREHISTORIC JAPAN 356 THE LURE OF ANCIENT AFRICA 404 Jomon Period 356 Yayoi Period 356 AFRICA THE CRADLE OF ART AND CIVILIZATION 404 Kofun Period 356 AFRICAN ROCK ART 404 ASUKA PERIOD 359 Saharan Rock Art 405 Horyuji 360 SUB-SAHARAN CIVILIZATIONS 406 NARA PERIOD 361 Nok 407 HEIAN PERIOD 363 Igbo-Ukwu 408 Esoteric Buddhist Art 363 Ife 409 Pure Land Buddhist Art 365 Benin 410 Secular Painting and Calligraphy 367 OTHER URBAN CENTERS 416 KAMAKURA PERIOD 370 Jenné 416 Pure Land Buddhist Art 371 Great Zimbabwe 417 Zen Buddhist Art 375 Aksum and Lalibela 419 Kongo Kingdom 419 BOXES EXPORTING TO THE WEST 421 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS Writing, Language, and Culture 357 BOXES Buddhist Symbols 362 Arms and Armor 371 * ART AND ITS CONTEXTS * THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Myth of Primitive Art 406 Daruma, Founder of Zen 374 Southern African Rock Art 408 * A CLOSER LOOK * THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Tale of Genji 368 A Warrior Chief Pledging Loyalty 414 * TECHNIQUE * A CLOSER LOOK Joined-Block Wood Sculpture 366 Roped Pot on a Stand 411 * RECOVERING THE PAST * TECHNIQUE The Great Buddha Hall 364 Lost-Wax Casting 413 X CONTENTS
The list of books you might like
