ARPA-E MONITOR Program PDF
Preview ARPA-E MONITOR Program
ARPA-E’s MONITOR Program Technology to Quantify Methane Emissions Dr. Bryan Willson ARPA-E / Colorado State University March 30, 2016 2 3 The ARPA-E Mission Catalyze and support the development of transformational, high- Reduce Imports impact energy technologies Ensure America’s Improve Reduce ‣ Economic Security Efficiency Emissions ‣ Energy Security ‣ Technological Lead 4 Creating New Learning Curves 5 What Makes an ARPA-E Project? IMPACT ‣ High impact on ARPA-E mission areas ‣ Credible path to market ‣ Large commercial application TRANSFORM ‣ Challenges what is possible ‣ Disrupts existing learning curves ‣ Leaps beyond today’s technologies BRIDGE ‣ Translates science into breakthrough technology ‣ Not researched or funded elsewhere ‣ Catalyzes new interest and investment TEAM ‣ Comprised of best-in-class people ‣ Cross-disciplinary skill sets ‣ Translation oriented 6 Technology Acceleration Model 7 Responding to the Natural Gas Boom Rapid growth in domestic oil and gas production has been driven by advances in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, allowing the U.S. to tap vast unconventional gas reserves; by 2035, natural gas is expected to surpass coal as the largest fuel burned to generate electricity U.S. Dry Natural Gas Production, 1990-2040 Electricity Generation by Fuel, 1990-2040 40.00 6.00 Projected Projected 35.00 5.00 s 30.00 a G Natural Gas Shale Gas lan 4.00 35% 25.00 o it n e v 20.00 n 3.00 Renewables o c 16% n s 15.00 U ru Nuclear t ee Tight Gas oh 2.00 16% f cib 10.00 ttaw u o c no 5.00 Conventional nlik 1.00 C3o2%al illirT 0.00 Sources oillirT 0.00 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Outlook 8 The Environmental Case for Natural Gas On a lifecycle basis, natural gas emits nearly half the level of greenhouse gases as coal when burned; the challenge is ensuring that environmental risks throughout the supply chain are effectively mitigated Median lifecycle GHG emissions from fossil-based electricity generation 1200 ~1,000 1000 h ~840 W k 800 r e p q e 600 2 O ~470 C s m 400 a r G 200 0 Coal Oil Natural Gas Source: IPCC AR4 Annex II (2007) 9 The Importance of Focusing on Methane Methane – the main component of natural gas – However, over a 20-year period, one gram of accounts for about one-tenth of U.S. greenhouse methane has 84 times the global warming gas emissions potential as the same amount of carbon dioxide U.S GHG Carbon Dioxide Emissions (2013) Carbon Dioxide 82% Methane Methane 10% = Fluorinated Gases 5% Nitrous Oxide 3% Source: EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory, IPCC AR5 (2013) 10
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