Armed Confl icts in South Asia 2010 Armed Confl icts in South Asia 2010 Growing Left-wing Extremism and Religious Violence Editors D. Suba Chandran P.R. Chari LONDON NEW YORK NEW DELHI First published 2011 in India by Routledge 912 Tolstoy House, 15–17 Tolstoy Marg, Connaught Place, New Delhi 110 001 Simultaneously published in the UK by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2011 Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies Typeset by Star Compugraphics Private Limited D–156, Second Floor Sector 7, Noida 201 301 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-0-415-61256-2 Contents List of Abbreviations vii List of Tables and Maps xiii Preface xv 1. Armed Conflicts in South Asia: Retrospect and Prospect 1 P.R. Chari 2. Afghanistan: Turning the Tide 18 Shanthie Mariet D’Souza 3. Armed Conflict in FATA and NWFP: Continuing Violence 44 D. Suba Chandran 4. J&K: Return to Violence? 67 Kavita Suri 5. Left-wing Extremism: Misplaced War Mongering? 91 Devyani Srivastava 6. Northeast India: Protracted Conflicts and Protracted Peace Processes 123 Mirza Zulfiqur Rahman 7. Armed Conflict in Nepal: From Parliament to Seige of Kathmandu 152 Kriti Singh 8. Sri Lanka: Conflict is Dead, Long Live the Conflict 174 N. Manoharan 9. Special Paper—Pakistan and Suicide Terrorism: A Never Ending Story 199 Jérémie Lanche Notes on Contributors 217 Index 222 List of Abbreviations AANLA All Adivasi National Liberation Army AASU All Assam Students Union ABSU All Bodo Students Union AC Area Committee ACBAR Agency Coordinating Body for Afghan Relief ACMF Adivasi Cobra Militant Force ADB Asian Development Bank AF-PAK Afghanistan–Pakistan AFSPA Armed Forces Special Powers Act AGP Asom Gana Parishad AISC Army Integration Special Committee AJYCP Asom Jatiyatabadi Yuva Chatra Parishad AMLA Achik Matgrik Liberation Army ANA Afghan National Army ANP Awami National Party ANSF Afghan national security forces APRC All Party Representative Committee ARTF Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund ASDC Autonomous State Demand Council ASS Asom Sahitya Sabha AZK Azad Kashmir ATTF All Tripura Tiger Force BCF Birsa Commando Force BISP Benazir Income Support Programme BLT Bodo Liberation Tigers BNLF Bru National Liberation Front BPF Bodoland People’s Front BSS Bodo Sahitya Sabha BTC Bodoland Territorial Council CA Constituent Assembly CFA ceasefire agreement CFMG Ceasefire Monitoring Group CIA Central Intelligence Agency CMAS Chasi Mulia Adivasi Sangh CMP Common Resolution Motion vviiiiii (cid:142)(cid:142) AP.r mR.e Cd hCaorinfl icts in South Asia 2010 CoAS Chief of Army Staff CoIn Counter Insurgency CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement CPI-M Communist Party of India-Marxist CRPF Central Reserve Police Force DAN Democratic Alliance of Nagaland DDR Disarmament Demobilization Reintegration DHD-J Dima Halam Daogah—Jewel DIAG Disarmament of Illegal Armed Groups DoD US Department of Defense EPDP Eelam People’s Democratic Party EPRLF Eelam People’s Revolutionary Liberation Front EROS Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students FATA Federally Administered Tribal Area GoSL Government of Sri Lanka GSU Garo Students Union HALC Hynniewtrep Achik Liberation Council HNLC Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council HPC-D Hmar People’s Convention—Democracy HuJI Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami HuM Harkat-ul-Mujahideen ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IDP Internally Displaced Person IDSA Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses IED Improvised Explosive Device IMF International Monetary Fund IOM International Organization for Migration IPKF Indian Peace Keeping Force ISAF International Security Assistance Force ISI Inter Services Intelligence JeM Jaish-e-Muhammad JNU Jawaharlal Nehru University JOC Joint Operations Command JS Janathan Sarkar JTMM Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha Armed CLoinsflt iocft sA ibnb Sreovuitaht iAonsisa (cid:143)(cid:143) iixx JUI-F Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazal Group JVP Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna KCP Kangleipak Communist Party KLNLF Karbi Longri National Liberation Front KLO Kamtapur Liberation Organization KNA Kuki National Army KNF Kuki National Front KSU Khasi Students Union KYKL Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup LAEF Liberation of Achik Elite Force LeT Laskhar-e-Toiba LeZ Lashkar-e-Zil LoC Line of Control LTTE Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam MEA Ministry of External Affairs MHA Ministry of Home Affairs MJF Madhesi Janadhikar Forum MNF Mizo National Front MNFF Mizo National Famine Front MOD Ministry of Defence MPF Modernization of Police Forces MPRF Madhesi Peoples’ Right Forum MULTA Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam MZP Mizo Zirlai Pawl NA Nepal Army NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NC Nepali Congress NDFB National Democratic Front of Bodoland NHAI National Highways Authority of India NHRC National Human Rights Commission Nepal NIA National Investigative Agency NLFT National Liberation Front of Tripura NMA Naga Mothers Association NMDC National Mineral Development Corporation Limited NNC Naga National Council NSCN National Council of Nagaland
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