49 th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics SYMPOSIUM 28 June–1 July, 2015 San Francisco Sponsored by the American Rock Mechanics Association TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME FROM THE CHAIR ....................................... 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................. 3 SPONSORS ............................................................................. 5 EXHIBITORS ......................................................................... 6 GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................... 11 TECHNICAL TOURS ........................................................... 13 SPECIAL ACTIVITIES ......................................................... 14 MONDAY TECHNICAL PROGRAM ................................. 16 TUESDAY TECHNICAL PROGRAM ................................. 20 WEDNESDAY TECHNICAL PROGRAM ......................... 24 ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................ 28 ABSTRACTS .......................................................................... 30 1 WELCOME TO SAN FRANCISCO 2015 It is my pleasure to welcome you to San Francisco for the 49th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. Our multidisciplinary, international annual meeting is the focal event for the rock mechanics and geomechanics communities. Here you will meet a diverse group of professionals and students from around the world, specializing in civil, mining, petroleum, geological and geophysical fields. Special thanks go out to the members of the technical committee, Alvin Chan, Russ Detwiler, Greg Hasenfus and Haiying Huang. Their efforts allowed us to build our strongest technical program yet with a record 359 papers that cover everything within the realm of rock mechanics, rock engineering and geomechanics. You will see presentations addressing challenges in subsurface energy spanning petroleum, geothermal and carbon storage and utilization. As always, our civil- and mining-related sessions continue to be a strong focus for this meeting, thanks to this committee’s hard work. Thanks also to Marisela Sanchez-Nagel for leading the awards committee and Ghazal Izadi for arranging the technical tours. Thanks to Bill Dershowitz, treasurer, and Wayne Gibson for handling exhibits. I am especially grateful to Peter Smeallie, executive director of ARMA, for his seasoned assistance keeping our preparations on track. San Francisco has become a home, of sorts, for our symposium in recent years. Many of you will have already visited this fine city for this meeting or other engagements. Whether this is your first time here or not, I strongly encourage you to take time to enjoy the city and its surroundings. Thank-you for joining us in San Francisco and I wish you a pleasant and productive stay, Joe Morris Chair of the 49th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium Computational Geosciences Group Leader Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ORGANIZING SESSION CHAIRS/ Laura Blanco Martin COMMITTEE DEVELOPERS Kim McCarter Brijes Mishra Joseph Morris Zach Agioutantis Samrat Mohanty Chair Sherif Akl Dan Moos Lawrence Livermore Florian Amann Neal Nagel National Laboratory Chloé Arson Seiji Nakagawa Brian Bonner David Newman Alvin Chan Andrew Bunger Maria-Aikaterini Nikolinakou Giuseppe Buscarnera Technical Committee: Bogdan Orlic Rick Chalaturnyk Petroleum Adrienne Phillips Charles Collins Shell Mileva Radonjic Brian Crawford Arunkumar Rai Nick Davatzes Bill Dershowitz Maurice Dusseault Anil Ray Treasurer Peter Eichhubl Fatemeh Rassouli Golder Associates Jean Elkhoury Andy Rathbun Essie Esterhuizen Azadeh Riahi Russell Detwiler anna maria Ferrero Esteban Rougier Technical Committee: Erling Fjaer Jonny Rutqvist Interdisciplinary Russell Frith Reza Safari University of California, Irvine Murali Gadde Marisela Sanchez-Nagel Julia Gale Xinpu Shen Wayne Gibson Ivan Gil Genghua Shi Exhibits and Sponsors Steve Glaser Keh-Jian Shou Gibson Group Management Giovanni Grasselli Hiroki Sone Paul Hagin Ole Kristian Søreide Gang Han Greg Hasenfus Sam Spearing Yanhui Han Technical Committee: Mining Sergey Stanchits Frank Hansen CONSOL Energy John Harrison Daniel Su Fidelis Suorineni Yossef Hatzor Haiying Huang Chris Hawkes Pete Swanson Technical Committee: Civil John Henning Andy Tallin Georgia Institute of Technology Fredy Henriquez Josh Taron Sander Hol Karin Van Thiene-Visser Ghazal Izadi Janelle Homburg Nicholas Thompson Technical Tours Zara Hosseini Dean Thornton Baker Hughes Ghazal Izadi Hari Viswanathan Jarek Jakubec Stuart Walsh Marisela Sanchez-Nagel Scott Johnson Dale Walters Paper/Poster Awards Madhur Johri Joseph Wang OilField Geomechanics Raj Kallu Erik Westman John Kemeny Jeff Wyatt Eunhye Kim Peter Smeallie Xiongyao Xie Ted Klemetti Executive Director David Yale Olga Kresse American Rock Mechanics Joseph Labuz Qiang Yang Association Mike Levy Karim Zaki Gang Li Liangyang Zhang KEYNOTE SPEAKERS Hong Li Qi Zhang Jeen-Shang Lin Wu Zhang James R. Rice, MTS Lecturer Qing Lin Zixin Zhang Harvard University Yaoru Liu Hehua Zhu Yi Luo Tawanda Zvarivadza Kate Hadley Baker Guowei Ma BP (ret) and ExxonMobil (ret) Kevin Ma Xiaodong Ma Christopher Mark Sandeep Mahajan U.S. Mine Safety and Health Hamid Maleki Administration George Marketos Steven D. Glaser University of California, Berkeley 3 Paper/Poster Technical Tour Leaders Symposium Staff Awards Committee Ghazal Izadi, Chair Peter Smeallie Marisela Sanchez-Nagel, Chair Russ Ewy Executive Director, ARMA Haiying Huang Julio Garcia John McLennan Richard Goodman Katy Greco Michael Murphy Dale Marcum Registrar Ed Medley Poster Sessions Andy Rathbun Hill Montague, Sr. Coordinators John Wallace Symposium Communications Mark Walters Teri Nichols Jim Roberts Marisela Sanchez-Nagel Registrar Staff ARMA Board Career Corner/ of Directors Rock Jeopardy Organized by the Future Leaders Antonio Bobet, President Purdue University Sherif Akl Ivan Gil John McLennan, Vice President Yanhui Han University of Utah Michael Murphy Maria-Katerina Nikolinakou William Dershowitz, Treasurer Chi Hyun Park Golder Associates, Inc. Josh Taron Dale Walters Kate Hadley Baker, Secretary Houston, Texas Workshop/Short Course Organizers Mark D. Zoback, Immediate Past President Stanford University Alvin Chan Clément de Alcala John Curran Giovanni Grasselli Rocscience Paul Hagin Gang Han Herbert H. Einstein Lori Hathon Massachusetts Institute Haiying Huang of Technology Mark Knackstedt Gang Li Derek Elsworth Andrea Lisjak Penn State University Omid Mahabadi Samrat Mohanty Gabriel S. Esterhuizen Mike Myers National Institute for Occupational Neal Nagel Safety and Health John Shafer Bryan Tatone Michael Hardy Agapito Associates, Inc. Mary MacLaughlin Montana Tech Laura Pyrak-Nolte Purdue University Erik Westman Virginia Tech 4 SPONSORS The 49th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium is pleased to acknowledge the following corporate sponsors. In addition, Itasca IMaGE is sponsoring the Career Corner; David Yale from ExxonMobil is sponsoring the Student Rock Jeopardy Contest. To all our sponsors, our sincere thanks. Agapito Associates Inc., Sponsor of the 30 June Symposium Awards Banquet Golder Associates, Inc., Sponsor of three Coffee Breaks Itasca International Inc., Sponsor of the Symposium Delegate Bag MTS Systems Corp., Sponsor of the 28 June MTS Lecture and Reception Rocscience, Donated Registration Lanyards 5 EXHIBITORS ESG Solutions www.esgsolutions.com Engineering Seismology Group, (ESG) monitors and locates seismicity in mines helping engineers to understand how rockmass is responding to mining activities. This information enables engineers to effectively plan mine operations, decrease costs, assess hazards, and reduce risk. GCTS Testing Systems www.gcts.com GCTS provides a full line of computer servo-controlled testing systems for rocks, soils, pavements, and construction materials. Advanced systems for Triaxial, Direct Shear, Point Load, Indirect Tension, Hydraulic Fracture, Poly-Axial, Hollow Cylinder, Ultrasonic, and other specialized equipment including high-pressure/high temperature triaxial cells. For more information about our testing equipment, please visit our web site at www.gcts.com Golder Associates, Inc. www.golder.com Golder is a global, employee-owned organization providing independent consulting, design, and construction services in our specialist areas of earth, environment, and energy. Itasca www.itascacg.com Itasca is a global, employee-owned, engineering consulting and software firm working primarily with the geomechanics, hydrogeological and microseismics communities. We solve problems in many industries including mining, civil engineering, oil & gas, manufacturing, and power generation. 6 EXHIBITORS continued Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory www.llnl.gov Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has a mission of strengthening the United States’ security by developing and applying world- class science, technology, and engineering. This includes advancing our nation's security by innovating science and technology solutions to improve national energy security and surety while reducing environmental impact. We have major research programs in unconventional oil and gas, renewable and sustainable energy, advanced vehicle technologies, materials for energy, energy security, energy systems analysis and nuclear energy. MALA GeoScience USA, Inc. www.malags.com MALA GeoScience USA, Inc. is the North American representative for Reutech Mining’s Movement and Surveying Radar (MSR) systems. The MSR systems provide highly accurate, real-time, all weather surveying and slope movement measurements in open pit mines using state-of-the-art radar and surveying technology. All measurements are fully geo-referenced to an accuracy that allows integration of the data with the Digital Terrain Mapping tools of the mine. MTS Systems Corp. www.mts.com MTS is a leading supplier of rock mechanic test systems. Offering extensive expertise in supporting today's most critical geological material evaluation application like ultrasonic velocity, fracture toughness, polyaxial testing and many more. MTS delivers a full range of high-performance hardware, software, and accessories required to meet challenging rock testing requirements. 7 EXHIBITORS continued Maptek www.maptek.com Maptek is a leading provider of innovative software, hardware and services for the global mining industry. Maptek products are in use at more than 1700 sites in over 65 countries, supported by professional and technical services in a worldwide network of 13 offices. Maptek products include Vulcan™, I-Site™, BlastLogic™, PerfectDig and Eureka™. Motion Metrics International Corp. www.motionmetrics.com Motion Metrics International Corp. specializes in providing advanced monitoring solutions designed to improve the safety, efficiency, and productivity of mining operations all over the world. Their revolutionary 3D-imaging tablet, PortaMetrics™, provides the rock fragmentation analysis of a scene without the need for any reference scaling objects. PLAXIS Americas www.plaxis.com The finite element PLAXIS software is used for geotechnical analysis of deformation and stability of soil and rock, with tools for dynamic and flow analysis. The user-friendly and versatile PLAXIS software can be used for tunnels, excavation, foundations, embankments, and slopes, and has constitutive models available for rock mechanics. Rocscience Inc. www.rocscience.com Rocscience has been creating easy to use, reliable geotechnical software since 1996. We specialize in 2D and 3D analysis and design programs for civil engineering and mining applications. Our high quality programs allow engineers to quickly and accurately analyze surface and underground structures in rock and soil, thereby improving safety and reducing the cost of design projects. 8 EXHIBITORS continued Sandia National Laboratories www.sandia.gov Sandia National Laboratories is the nation's premier science and engineering lab for national security and technology innovation. The Sandia Geomechanics Department addresses cross-cutting issues in the geosciences and geoengineering related to rock mass characterization, rock mechanics, development of numerical codes and numerical simulations, validation of material models and design procedures, and in situ measurements and monitoring. The Geomechanics Department emphasizes: characterization of natural fracture systems; identification and modeling of rock deformation and failure processes; laboratory determinations of thermomechanical and transport properties of competent rock and natural fractures, including studies of coupled effects; extrapolation of nano-scale laboratory measurements to field conditions; in situ stress measurements and evaluation of in situ conditions; and laboratory experimental studies. Simpleware Inc. www.simpleware.com Simpleware develops world-class software solutions for image processing and model generation in Materials Science. The software can be used to easily visualise, quantify, segment, process and mesh image data for e.g. composites research, oil & gas exploration and NDE, as well as calculating effective material properties from scanned samples using homogenisation techniques. 9
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