Aristotle's Prior and Posterior Analytics: A Revised Text with Introduction and Commentary (Oxford University Press academic monograph reprints)

707 Pages·1949·142.37 MB·English

by  Aristotle

ARISTOTLE'S
PRIOR AND POSTERIOR
ANALYTICS

APILTOTEAOYL ANAAYTIKA
ARISTOTLE'S
PRIOR AND POSTERIOR
ANALYTICS
A REVISED TEXT
WITH INTRODUCTION AND COMMENTARY
BY
W. D. ROSS
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

PREFACE
IT is one hundred and five years since Waitz's edition of the
Organon was published, and a commentator writing now has at his
disposal a good deal that Waitz had not. The Berlin Academy has
furnished him with a good text of the ancient Greek commentators.
Heinrich Maier's Die Syllogistik des Aristoteles supplied what
amounts to a full commentary on the Prior A nalytics. Professor
Friedrich Solmsen has given us an original and challenging theory
of the relation between the Prior A nalytics and the Posterior.
Albrecht Becker has written a very acute book on the Aristotelian
theory of the problematic syllogism. Other books, and articles too
numerous to be mentioned here, have added their quota of com
ment and suggestion. Among older books we have Zabarella's fine
commentary on the Posterior Analytics, which Waitz seems not to
have studied. and Pacius' commentary on the Organon. which
Waitz studied less than it deserved.
In editing the text, I have concentrated on the five oldest Greek
manuscripts-Urbinas 35 (A), Marcianus 201 (B), Coislinianus 330
(C), Laurentianus 72.5 (d), and Ambrosianus 490 (olim L 93) (n).
Of these I have coUated the last (which has been unduly neglected)
throughout in the original, and the third throughout in a photo
graph. With regard to A, B, and d, I have studied in the original
all the passages in which Waitz's report was obscure, and all those
in which corruption might be suspected and it might he hoped that
a new collation would bring new light. Mr. L. Minio has been good
enough to lend me his repOr( on the Greek text presupposed by
two Syriac translations some centuries older than any of our Greek
manuscripts of the Analytics, and a comparison of these with the
Greek manuscripts has yielded interesting results; I wish to record
my sincere thanks to him for his help. as well as to the librarians
of the Bibliotheque Nationale, and of the Vatican, Marcian,
Laurentian, and Ambrosian libraries.
W.D.R.
r
CONTENTS
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ix
INTRODUCTION I
I. The Title and the Plan of the A nalytics I
II. The Relation of the Prior to the Posterior AMlytics . 6
III. The Pure or Assertoric Syllogism 23
IV. The Modal Syllogism 040
V. Induction -47
VI. Demonstrative Science 51
VII. The Seco",d Book of the Posterior A nalytus 75
VIII. The Text of the Analytics 87
List of Manuscripts not included in the Sigla 93
SIGLA 98
ANALYTICS 99
Text and Critical apparatus 99
Conspectus of the contents 280
Table of the valid moods 286
Commentary 287
INDEXES
Greek index 679
English index 688

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Aldine edition: Venice, 1495.
Organum, ed. 1. Pacius: Frankfurt, 1592. etc.
Aristotelis Opera, vol. i, ed. 1. Bekker: Berlin. 1831.
Organon, ed. T. Waitz,.2 vols.: Leipzig, 1&t4-6.
P,iO'T Analytics, ed. and trans. H. Tredennick: London, and Cambridge,
Mass., 1938.
Analytica Priora, trans. A. J. Jenkinson, and Analytica Posteriora, trans.
G. R. G. Mure: Oxford, 1928.
Commentaria in Arislotelem Graeca: Alexander in Anal. Pro t, ed. M. Wallies:
Berlin, 1883.
Themistius quae fertur in Anal. Pro I Paraphrasis, ed. M. Wallies: Berlin,
188.t.
Ammonius in Anal. Pro I, ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, I&J9.
Themistii in Anal. Post. 2 Paraphrasis. ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, 1900.
Ioannes Philoponus in Anal. Pr., ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, 1905.
Eustratius in Anal. Post. 2, ed. M. Hayduck: Berlin, 1907.
Ioannes Philoponus in Anal. Post. and Anonymus in Anal. Post. z, ed.
M. Wa1lies: Berlin, 1909.
Aquinas, St. Thomas, Comment. in Arist.libros Peri Hermeneias et Post. Anal.:
Rome and Freiburg, 1882.
Becker, A.: Die arist. Theorie der MoglichkeitsschlUsse: Berlin, 1933.
Bonitz, H.: Arist. Studien, 1-4, in Sitzungsb. der kaiserl. Akad. d. Wissen
schaften, xxxix (1862), 183-280; xli (r863), 379-434; xlii (1863), 25-t09;
Iii (1866), 347-423.
Bywater, 1.: Aristotelia: in J. of Philol. 1888,53.
Calogero, G. : I Fondamenti della Logica Arist.: Florence, 1927.
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Einarson, B. _: On certain Mathematical Terms in Arist.'s Logic: in A.J.P. 1936.
33-54, 151-72·
Friedmann, 1.: Arist. Anal. bei den Syrern: Berlin, 1898.
Furlani, G.: II primo Libro dei Primi Anal. di Arist. nella versione siriaca di
Giorgio delle Nazioni, and It secondo Libro, etc.: in Mem. Ace. Line.,
Cl. Sc. Mor., Ser. VI, vol. v. iii and yr. iii, 1935, 1937.
Gohlke, P.: Die Entstehung der arist. Logik: Berlin, 1935.
Heath, Sir T. L.: A History of Greek Mathematics, z vols.: Oxford, 1921.
Heath, Sir T. L.: A Manual of Greek Mathematics: Oxford, 1931.
Heiberg, J. L.: Mathetnatisches zu Arist.: in Abh. zur Ges,h. d. Mathern.
Wissenschaften, 1904, 1-49.
Kapp, E.: Greek Foundations of Traditional Logic: New York, 1942.
Lee, H. D. P.: Geometrical Method and Arist.'s Account of First Principles:
in Class. Quart. 1935, II3-29.
Lukasiewicz, J.: Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of M odem Formal
Logic: Oxford, 1951.
Maier, H.: Die Syllogistik des Arist., 3 vols.: Tiibingen, 18¢-1I)00.
Mansion, S.: Le Jugement d'ex£stence thez Aristote: Louvain and Paris, 1946.
Miller, J. W.: The Structure of Arist. Logic: London, 19,38.
Nagy, A.: Contributo per la revis£one della wtes, to degli Anal.: in Rend£t. Acc.
L£nc., C1. Sc. Mar., Ser. V, vol. viii, II4-29.
x SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pacius, J.: Aristoleiis Organon cum com~ntario analytico: Francofurti, 1597.
Solmsen, F.: Die Entwichlung der ami. Logik und RMtorik: Berlin, 1929.
Solmsen, F.: 'The Discovery of the Syllogism', in Philos. Rtf). 50 (1941), 410 ff.
Stocks, J. L.: The Composition oj ATist.'s Log£cal Works: in Class. Quart. 1933,
lIS-24·
Waitz, T.: Varianten JU An:st. Organon: in PhiloI. 1857, 726-34.
WaIlies, M.: Zur Textgeschicht.e dtr Erslen AMI.: in Rhein. Mus. 1917-18,
626-.)2.
Wilson, J. Cook: Aristotelian Studus I: in Goltingische gelehrte Anuigtr,
1880 (I). 449-14.
Wilson, J. Cook: On the Poss£bility oj a Conception oj the Enthymema earlier
than that found in the Rhet. and the Pro Anal.: in Trans. of the Oxford
Philol. Soc. 1883-4. 5-6.
Zabarella, I.: In duos Arisl. Libros Post. Anal. Comment.: Venice, 1582.
Zabarella, I.: O~a Logica: Venice, 1586.
In the notes the Greek commentaries are referred to by the symbols AL,
T., Am., P., E., An.