Aristotle's Prior and Posterior Analytics: A Revised Text with Introduction and Commentary

701 Pages·1957·11.83 MB·English

by  Aristotle

ARISTOTLE'S
PRIOR AND POSTERIOR
ANALYTICS

APILTOTEI\OYL ANAI\YTIKA
ARISTOTLE'S
PRIOR AND POSTERIOR
ANALYTICS
A REVISED TEXT
WITH INTRODUCTION AND COMMENTARY
BY
W. D. ROSS
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
Oxford University Press, Amen House, London E.C.4
GLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE WELLINGTON
SOMBA Y CALCUTTA MADRAS KARACHI
CAPE TOWN' JBADAN' NAIROS] ACCRA SINGAPORE
FIRST EDITION 1949
REPRINTED LITHOGRAPHICALLY IN GREAT BRITAIN
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD
FROM CORRECTED SHEETS OF THE FIRST EDITION
1957
PREFACE
IT is one hundred and five years since Waitz's edition of the
Organon was published, and a commentator writing now has at his
disposal a good deal that Waitz had not. The Berlin Academy has
furnished him with a good text of the ancient Greek commentators.
Heinrich Maier's Die Syllogistik des Aristoteles supplied what
amounts to a full commentary on the Prior A nalytics. Professor
Friedrich Solmsen has given us an original and challenging theory
of the relation between the Prior A nalytics and the Posterior.
Albrecht Becker has written a very acute book on the Aristotelian
theory of the problematic syllogism. Other books, and articles too
numerous to be mentioned here, have added their quota of com
ment and suggestion. Among older books we have Zabarella's fine
commentary on the Posterior Analytics, which Waitz seems not to
have studied, and Pacius' commentary on the Organon, which
Waitz studied less than it deserved.
In editing the text, I have concentrated on the five oldest Greek
manuscripts-Urbinas 35 (A), Marcianus 201 (B), Coislinianus 330
(C), Laurentianus 72.5 (d), and Ambrosianus 490 (olim L 93) (n).
Of these I have collated the last (which has been unduly neglected)
throughout in the original, and the third throughout in a photo
graph. With regard to A, B, and d, I have studied in the original
all the passages in which Waitz's report was obscure, and all those
in which corruption might be suspected and it might be hoped that
a new collation would bring new light. Mr. L. Minio has been good
enough to lend me his report on the Greek text presupposed by
two Syriac translations some centuries older than any of our Greek
manuscripts of the Analytics, and a comparison of these with the
Greek manuscripts has yielded interesting results; I wish to record
my sincere thanks to him for his help, as well as to the librarians
of the Bibliotheque Nationale, and of the Vatican, Marcian,
Laurentian, and Ambrosian libraries.
W.D.R.

CONTENTS
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ix
INTRODUCTION I
I. The Title and the Plan of the A nalytics
11. The Relation of the P"ior to the Posterior Analytics • 6
Ill. The Pure or Assertoric Syllogism 23
IV. The Modal Syllogism 40
V. Induction 47
VI. Demonstrative Science SI
VII. The Second Book of the Posterio" Analytics 75
VIII. The Text of the Analytics 87
List of Manuscripts not included in the Sigla 93
SIGLA 98
ANALYTICS 99
Text and Critical apparatus 99
Conspectus of the contents 280
Table of the valid moods 286
ComIOenhuy 287
INDEXES
Greek index 679
English index 688

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Aldine edition: Venice, 1495.
Organum, ed. 1. Pacius: Frankfurt, 1592, etc.
Aristotelis Opera, vol. i, ed. I. Bekker: Berlin. 1831.
Organon, ed. T. Waitz, 2 vols.: Leipzig, 1844-6.
PriQT Analytics, ed. and trans. H. Tredennick: London, and Cambridge.
Mass., 1938.
Analytica PriQTa, trans. A. J. Jenkinson, and Analytica PosteriQTa, trans.
G. R. G. Mure: Oxford, 1928.
Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca: Alexander in Anal. Pr. I, ed. M. Wallies:
Berlin, 1883.
Themistius quae fertur in Anal. Pr. I Paraphrasis, ed. M. Wallies: Berlin,
1884-
Ammonius in Anal. Pr. I, ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, 1899.
Themistii in Anal. Post. 2 Paraphrasis, ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, 1900.
Ioannes Philoponus in Anal. Pr., ed. M. Wallies: Berlin, 1905.
Eustratius in Anal. Post. 2, ed. M. Hayduck: Berlin, 1907.
Ioannes Philoponus in Anal. Post. and Anonymus in Anal. Post. 2, ed.
M. Wallies: Berlin, 1909.
Aquinas, St. Thomas, Comment. in Arist.libros Peri Hermeneias et Post. Anal.:
Rome and Freiburg, 1882.
Becker, A.: Die arist. TheQTie der MoglichkeitsschlUsse: Berlin, 1933.
Bonitz, H.: Arist. Studien, 1-4, in Sitzungsb. der kaiserl. Akad. d. Wissen
schajten, xxxix (1862), 183-280; xli (1863), 379-434; xlii (1863), 25-109;
lii (1866), 347-423.
Bywater, I.: Aristotelia: in J. oj Philol. 1888, 53.
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33-54, 151-72.
Friedmann, I.: Arist. Anal. bei den Syrern : Berlin, 1898.
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GiQTgio delle Nazioni, and Il secondo Libro, etc.: in Mem. Ace. Line.,
Cl. Sc. Mor., Ser. VI, vol. v. iii and VI. iii, 1935, 1937.
Gohlke, P.: Die Entstehung der arist. Logik: Berlin, 1935.
Heath, Sir T. L.: A History oj Greek Mathematics, 2 vols.: Oxford, 1921.
Heath, Sir T. L.: A Manual ojGreek Mathematics: Oxford, 1931.
Heiberg, J. L.: Mathematisches zu Arist.: in Abh. zur Ges<h. d. Mathem.
Wissenschajten, 1904, 1-49.
Kapp, E.: Greek Foundations oj Traditional Logic: New York, 1942.
Lee, H. D. P.: Geometrical Method and Arist.'s Aceount oj First Principles:
in Class. Quart. 1935, 1I3-Z9.
Lukasiewicz, J.: Aristotle's Syllogistic jrom the Standpoint oj Modern FQTmal
Logic: Oxford, 1951.
Maier, H.: Die Syllogistik des Arist., 3 vols.: Tubingen, 1&,6-1900.
Mansion, S.: Le Jugement d' existence chez Aristote: Louvain and Paris, 1946.
Miller, J. W.: The Structure oj Arist. Logic: London, 1938.
Nagy, A.: Contributo per la revisione del testo degli Anal.: in Rendic. Ace.
Line., Cl. Sc. Mor., Ser. V, vol. viii, 1899, II4-29.
x SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pacius, J.: Aristolelis Organon cum com~ntario analytico: Francofurti, 1597.
Solmsen, F.: Die Entwicklung der ari~t. Logik und Rhetorik: Berlin, 1929.
Solmsen, F.: 'The Discovery of the Syllogism', in Philos. Rev. 50 (1941), 410 ff.
Stocks, J. L.: The Composition of Arist.'s Logical Works: in Class. Quart. 1933,
II5-24·
Waitz, T.: Varianten zu An·st. Organon: in Philol. 1857,726--34.
Wallies, M.: Zur TextgeschichU der Erslen Anal.: in Rhein. Mw. 1917-18,
626--32·
Wilson, J. Cook: Aristotelian Studies I: in Gottingische gelehrte Anzeiger,
1880 (1), 449-74.
Wilson, J. Cook: On the Possibility of a Conception of the Enthymema earlier
than that found in the Rhet. and the Pr. Anal.: in Trans. of the Oxford
Philol. Soc. 1883-4, 5-{i.
Zabarella, 1.: In duos Arist. Libros Post. Anal. Commmt.: Venice, 1582.
Zabarella, 1.: Opera Logica: Venice, 1586.
In the notes the Greek commentaries are referred to by the symbols Al.,
T., Am., P., E., An.