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Aristotle on Truth PDF

354 Pages·2004·1.79 MB·English
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This page intentionally left blank ARISTOTLE ON TRUTH Aristotle’stheoryoftruth,whichhasbeenthemostinfluentialaccount of the concept of truth from Antiquity onwards, spans several areas of philosophy: philosophy of language, logic, ontology, and episte- mology.Inthisbook,thefirstdedicatedtothistopic,PaoloCrivelli discussesallthemainaspectsofAristotle’sviewsontruthandfalse- hood.Heanalysesindetailthemainrelevantpassages,addressessome well-knownproblemsofAristoteliansemantics,andassessesAristotle’s theoryfromthepointofviewofmodernanalyticphilosophy.Inthe process he discusses most of the literature on Aristotle’s semantic theory to have appeared in the last two centuries. His book vindi- catesandclarifiestheoftenrepeatedclaimthatAristotle’sisacorre- spondence theory of truth. It will be of interest to a wide range of readersworkinginbothancientphilosophyandmodernphilosophy oflanguage. paolo crivelli is Fellow and Tutor in Classical Philosophy at NewCollege,Oxford.HehaspublishedarticlesonPlato’slogicand epistemology,Aristotle’sphilosophicallogic,andStoiclogic. ARISTOTLE ON TRUTH PAOLO CRIVELLI UniversityofOxford cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521823289 © Paolo Crivelli 2004 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2004 isbn-13 978-0-511-23002-8 eBook (EBL) isbn-10 0-511-23002-8 eBook (EBL) isbn-13 978-0-521-82328-9 hardback isbn-10 0-521-82328-5 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Tothememoryofmyfather RenzoCrivelli andtomymother KatherineLesterCrivelli Contents Acknowledgements pageix Notesonthetext x ListofabbreviationsoftitlesofAristotle’sworks xi Introduction 1 1 AnoverviewofAristotle’stheoryoftruth 1 2 Methodology 39 part i bearers of truth or falsehood 1 Statesofaffairs,thoughts,andsentences 45 1 Statesofaffairs 46 2 Thoughts 62 3 Sentences 72 2 Truthconditionsforpredicativeassertions 77 1 Universals 78 2 Truth and falsehood in de Interpretatione 1 82 3 Affirmativeandnegativepredicativeassertions 86 4 Assertionsaboutindividualsvsassertionsaboutuniversals 89 5 Truthandthecategories 95 3 Truthconditionsforexistentialassertions 99 1 Existentialassertionsconcerningsimpleitems 100 2 Non-compositesubstances 116 3 Singularexistentialassertionsconcerningmaterialsubstances 121 part ii ‘empty’ terms 4 Truthascorrespondence 129 1 Acorrespondencetheoryoftruth? 129 2 TheLiar 139 vii viii Contents 5 ‘Vacuous’termsand‘empty’terms 152 1 ‘Vacuous’subjectsorpredicates 153 2 ‘Empty’subjectsorpredicates 158 3 Oneassertionvsmanyassertions 163 part iii truth and time 6 Truthandchange 183 1 Differenttruth-valuesatdifferenttimes 183 2 Truthandrelatives 189 3 Howfaristruthfromchange? 194 7 TruthandDeterminismindeInterpretatione9 198 1 ThemodalattributesandthesesinvolvedinInt.9 199 2 ClosetextualanalysisofInt.9 200 3 Alternativeinterpretations 226 Appendix1 Metaph.(cid:2)10,1051b1:thetext 234 Appendix2 Metaph.(cid:2)10,1051b2–3:thetext 238 Appendix3 Int.7,17b16–18:thetext 239 Appendix4 Thetwo-placerelationsinAristotle’s definitionoftruth 254 Appendix5 Aristotle’stheoryoftruthforpredicative assertions:formalpresentation 258 Appendix6 ThefailureofBivalenceforfuture-tense assertions:formalpresentation 266 References 284 Indexofnames 313 Indexofsubjects 319 Indexofpassages 321

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In the opening words of the author, "The study of truth is a central part of the philosophical tradition we have inherited from classical Greece. Aristotle played an important role in developing and sharpening the debate in this area and on many issues that are connected with it." But Aristotle's id
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