Table Of Content

ARISTIDAEELUDENDAE:ARISTIDAHITCHCOCKIANA (POACEAE)-AVALIDSPECIES? KellyW.AIIred RangeScienceHerbarium DepartmentofAnimal&RangeSciences NewMexicoStateUniversity LasCruces,NewMexico88003,U.S.A. [email protected] ABSTRACT Theoriginaldescriptionsandprologues,typespecimens,andavailablematerialolAristida hitchcockianaHenrardandA.apprcsiciVaseywerecompared.Basedonmorphology,distribution, andhabitat,thereseemstobenoreasontorecognizeA,hitchcockianaasavalidspecies,anditis synonymizedwithinA.appressa. RESUMEN Secompararonlasdescripcionesyprotologosorigmales.ejemplarestipo,ydemasmaterialdisponible deAristidahitchcockinaHenrardyA.apprcssaVasey.Basandoseenlamoriologia,ladistribucion geografica,yelhabitat,parecenohaberindiciossuficientesparareconocercomoespecievalidaaA. hitchcockiana.Porlotanto,selasinonimizaaA.apprcssa. Aristidahitchcockianawasdescribedm1927byJ.T.Henrard,inhismonumen- tal"ACriticalRevisionoftheGenusAristida'(Henrard1926,1927,1928).His newspecieswasdescribedandillustratedashavinglongnarrowpanicles,sub- equalglumes,thesecondtruncateoremarginate,andunequalawns(Fig.1).In hisearlierworkontheNorthAmericanspeciesofAristida,A.S.Hitchcockin- cludedthetype-to-beofA.hitchcockianawithinA.arizonica(Hitchcock1924). Accordingly,Henrardcalledattentiontotheshorterspikeletsandawns,and truncate,emarginateglumesofA.hitchcockianaascomparedtoA.arizonica. Thenewspecieswasknownonlyfromtheoriginaldescriptionandfromthe typecollectionatLasSedas,Oaxaca,Mexico(Hitchcock1935),andlargelyig- noredornotrelevanttosubsequentworksonMexicanAristidauntilBeetles LasGramineasdeMexico(Beetle1983),inwhichherecordedthespeciesfrom sevenstatesinMexico.Idonotknowtowhichplantsheappliedthename,only thattheillustrationisatvariancewithbothHenrard'sandBeetle'sownde- scriptions,inthatitshowsan openpaniclewithspreadingbranchesand pedicels,acuminateglumes,andlongcc(ualawns.Inthesepublicationsandin Henrard'sprodigious"AMonographoftheGenusAristida"(Henrard1929,1932, 1933),A.hitchcockianawascomparedmostcloselytoA.arizonica,fromwhich itwasdistinguishedbyhavinglongerglumes,lemmas,andawns,butwhich belieditsmoreobvioussimilarities. SIDA21(4):2n3-2118.2005 2114 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(4) Fig.1.Spikelet,2ndglumeapex,andcalluso^Aristidahitchcockiana[fromHenrard(1932)]. AcomparisonofAristidahUchcockiuuawithA.apprcssaVascy(Fig.2), basedonoriginaldescriptions,typematerial,andspecimens,tailedtoreveal anymorphologicalcharactersby which todistinguish them(Table1).For 1lenrard,thesinglemostdiagnosticteatureofA.hitchcockianawasthetrun- cateandshortlyawnedapex(the"curioustip")ol thesecondglume,clearly illustratedmtheorigmaldescriptionandrelieduponsolelyandexplicitlyin thekeysofhisMonograph(Ftenrard1932,p.237).Thisfeatureisseenclearlyin thetype,buteventhere,someol thesecondglumesareacutishandnotvery truncate.Examinationofncady100specimensofA.appressashowedanearly completegradationfromglumeswithtruncateandshortlyawnedapices, throughaserieswithprogressivelylongerawnsandmorenarrowapices,tothe otherextremeofglumeswithlongawns,acuminateapices,andnoticeablelat- eralsetulae.Thetruncateapexcanbeeasilyoverlookedorobscuredwhenthe glumeisfoldedorrolled.Perhapsthishasleadtothecharacterizationofthe glumesofA.appressaasbeingacuteoracuminate(Henrard1932;Beetle1983), ALLRED,ARISTIDAHITCHCOCKIANA—AVALIDSPECIES? 2115 Fig.2.SpikeletandcallusoiAristidaappresssa[fromHenrard(1932)]. wheninfactobtusetotruncateglumeapicesarefrequentlyencounteredin thatspeciesaswell.Inaddition,Icouldfindnocorrelationofthiscondition(a truncateapex)toanyotherfeature.Bothspeciesdeveloplongmternodes(longer thanthesheaths),alineofhairsacrossthecollar(representedbyariminolder material,orglabrate),noticeablylonghairsabovetheliguleontheuppersur- faceoftheblade,andlateralawnsshorterthanthecentralawn. Henrard(1929)calledparticularattentiontothe"verycuriouscrisppu- bescence"oftheculms,paniclebranchlets,andlowerglumesofAristida appressa.Thisiscausedbyascaberuloustypeofpubescence,usuallyinlines alongtheridgesornervesoftheafore-namedparts.Itiswell-expressedinthe typeofA.appressa,butmuchlesssoinmanyotherspecimens,andcancom- monlybeabsent.ThissamescaberulouspubescenceisfoundinthetypeofA. 2116 BRIT.ORG/5IDA21(4) Table1.ComparisonofAristidahitchcockianaandA.appressa. Feature Aristidahitchcockiana,type Aristidaappressa Culmheight(cm) 75 40 120 Pedunclelength(cm) 13 10-40 Internodepubescence glabrous glabroustopuberulent Middlesheathlength(cm) 6-10 4-11 Sheathpubescence glabroustoscaberulous glabroustoscaberulous Ligulelength(mm) 0.2 0.1-0.2 Auricleregion flaring,ciliolate,withhairs flaring,ciliolatetoglabrate, to2.8mm oftenwithhairsto3mm Collar scaberulousinaline glabroustoscaberulousina line Longestbladelength(cm) 17 14-30 Bladewidthwhenflat(mm) 1.8-2.0 1.5-2.5 Bladeinvolution flat,appearingtoberolled convolutewhenyoung,flat& duetodrying curlingwhenmature Blademargin slightlythickened slightlythickened Bladeupperpubescence puberulent/scaberulouswith puberulent/scaberulouswith scatteredlonghairsnearligule scatteredlonghairsnear ligule Paniclelength(cm) 17-24 14-30 Lowerbranchlength(cm) 4-6 5-12 Pulvin absent absent Firstglumelength(mm) 8-10 5-12 Firstglumeapex acute truncatetoacuminate Secondglumelength(mm) 9-11 6-12 Secondglumeapex truncatetoacute truncatetoacute Glumepubescence scaberulousonthenerves glabroustoscaberulouson thenerves Lemmalengthtoawns(mm) 11-12 7-13(-16) Lemmavestiture glabrousinthelowerpart, glabrousinthelowerpart, scaberulousintheupper scaberulousinupper Lemmabeak slightlyexceedingtheglumes egualtomuchexceedingthe glumes Calluslength(mm) 0.6-0.8 0.6-1 Centralawnlength(mm) 12-15 15-22 Lateralawnlength(mm) 6-9 7-17 hiichcoikiana.onculminternodcs,branchlcts,andthelowerglumes.Thisfea- turehasthesamedegreeolinconsistencyasthetruncateglumeapex:ranging Fromnoticeablypresenttoabsent. hlenrard'sholotypecamefromLasSedas,Oaxaca,Mexico(approximately 100kmnorthwestofthecityofOaxacaonhighway131,atN17,.3523°W96.9444°), collectedbyCharlesL.Smithsometimein1894.Thevillagewasaformerrail- roadstation,andsitsatabout2100minapine-matorraltransitionzone,acom- monelevationandhabitatforAristidaapprcssa.AnsLidaappressaisfoundin ALLRED,ARISTIDAHITCHCOCKIANA—AVALIDSPECIES? 2117 allthesurroundingstates(Chiapas,Veracruz,Puebla,Guerrero),aswellasin Oaxacaitself. ThebasisforAristidahitchcockianaseemstobesimplyoneendofasingle lineofvariation.Itsrecognitionispartlyanartifactofobservation:noticedina fewplantswheretheglumesarenotfoldedorrolled,butoverlookedinother plantswheretheglumeapicesareobscured.Itlacksanydistinctivemorphol- ogy,distribution,orhabitat.Forthesereasons,thenameA.hitchcockiana F-IenrardissubsumedwithoutrecognitionundertheoldernameA.appressa Vasey,asdetailedbelow. AristidaappressaVaseyContrU.S.Natl.Herb.1(8):282.1893.Type:MEXICO.Jaijsco: Guadalajara,1886,E.Palmers.n.(ilOLOTYPE:US-745676!;LSOTYPHS:Lfragin.,W). AristidahitchcockianaHenrard,Mcdcd,Rijks-Herb.LeidenNo,54A:233-234,1927.TvPll: MEXICO,Oaxaca:LasSedas,1894,C/.,Smith918(holotype:US-991670!). Selectedspecimensexamined(ol76total):COSTARICA.Guanacaste:4kmWoftheInter-Ameri- canHwyontheroadtoMurcielago,320m,24Oct1968,R,Pohl11324(F),ELSALVADOR,Chalatenango: alongHwy4,4kmSSEofLaPalma,pmcforest.950m.IfJunf970,R,Pohl11890(F).GUATEMALA. Chimaltenagno:nearRioPixcayo,oakandpineforest,1650-f88m,3Feb1939,RStandJey64492(F), Huchuctcnango:aboutLagunadeOcubiia,HofHuehuetenango,1900m,7Jan1941,RStandky82725 (F),HONDURAS,Comayagua:hall-wa)'betweenComayaguaandVillaSanAntonio,25Jan1936.W. Archer3841(US),ElParaiso:grassypineforestofCuestaGalerasroadtoGuinope,1400m,24Nov 1970,A,MolinaR,25913(US),Morazan:openhillside,Sta,ClaraCreel,RioYeguaneValley800m,17 Dec1946,L,Williams11259(G);regionofLasMesas,steeppine-woodedslopes,800-900m,14Oct 1199501,inj,SthwealZliennac1a0n7t4a0n(UpSa)r,ajMeEXofICMuOc.taCjhoica,pa3s5:00stefte,p17roAcukygs1l9o6p5e,wD,itBhreQeudelrocveus11a8l6o9ng(F)M;ex11ickamnWHwoyf TuxtlaGutierrezmrollinghills,24Oct1973,F,Gould14433(NMCR),DistritoEederal:VillaGuer- rero,21Oct1960,T,Tateoka1139(US),Guerrero:Manchon,26Sep1936,G,Hinton9593(MO), Guanajuato:about6kmeastofGuanajuato,rockysoilonanerodedhillside,17Oct1952,E.Sohns312 (CUrSu)z;kdemJ4v0e,nGtumaonaRjousaastorCuimtbyo-DaolGouraensajHuiadatlog,o,1S15epSe1p9811,94A6.,BEe.eHtleern7a3n59de(zMOX)o,loMceoxtizcio2:414,75k(UmS);WStoai, TejupilcoonMexicanHwy134towardsTemascaltepec,1430m,6Oct1991,RPeterso?!11058(NMCR), Oaxaca:LasSedas,in1894,Chas.LSmith9i8(US-type);4,8kmeolMitlaonMexicanHwy179to- wardsAyutla,gentleslopesnearsmallcreekandcultivatedfields,1760in,14Sep1990,P.Peterson 9861(NMCR);NEofOaxaca,13kmNolElPuntoonMexicanHwy175and10,8kmSofGuelatao, 1970m,17Sep1990,RPeterson9936(NMCR);151kmSWofOaxacaonMexicanHwy190,oakwoods, 1100m,15Oct1976,J,Brunken369(MO);fromTemascalapatoSanlldefonsodeVillaAltaproper,on openandrockymountainslopes.29-30Oct1944.J.VeraSantos3543(US);savannanearRevolucion Mexicana,800m,3Nov1981,D,Breedlove54518(G),Puebla:nearCholula,aroundtheCholulapyra- midandChurchNuestraSenoradelaRemedios,14Dec1972,A.Beetle2276(MO),Veracruz:3kmal NdeChacalapa,400m,26Sep1965,J,Rzedowski21211(F), ACKNOVv'LEDGMENTS ManythankstothecuratorsofF,G,MO,US,andWIS,whokindlysupplied materialforstudyandtoP,M.PetersonandS.L.Hatchfortheirhelpfulcom- mentsasreviewers.DavidLeeAndersongenerouslyrenderedtheabstractin Spanish.ThankstoJesusValdes-ReynaforadditionalinformationaboutLas Sedas. 2118 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(4) REFERENCES Beetle,A,A.1983.LasGramfneasdeMexico,vol.l.COTECOCAfComisionTecnicoConsultiva deCoeficientesdeAgostadero],Mexico,D.F.,Mexico. Henrard,J.T.1926.AcriticalrevisionofthegenusAristida.I.Meded.Rijks-Herb.54:l-220, Henrard,J.T.1927.Acritical revisionofthegenusAristida.II.Meded.Rijks-fHerb.54A: 221-464. Henrard,J.T.1928.Acritical revisionofthegenusAristida.III.Meded.Rijks-Herb.54B: 465-701. Henrard,J.T.1929.AmonographofthegenusAristida.LMeded.Rijks-Herb.58:1 -137. Henrard,J.T.1932.AmonographofthegenusAristida.II.Meded.Rijks-Herb.58A:157-325. HinrardJ.T1933.AmonographofthegenusAristida.Index.Meded.Rijks-Herb.58B:l-XII. HircHCOcK,A.S.I924.TheNorthAmericanspeciesof/\r/5f/d(7.U.S.NatfHerb.22:517-586. Hitchcock,A.S.]93S.Aristida.NonhAmericanflora17:376-406.