Table Of Content

- 15> 1' < V ’ • <■;. -' - '\. • ■ ' ' '.■ . ,1 ITECTURE DRAFTING ANO DFSIGN i ! h V. >< ■■■ ■ .'■ ■■ . ■ ■ . f . X .. k. ■- . -. . . • . ■- ■ ... ‘ . ■. . .. . ./■•■■■ s i . • - - * ; - ' • ■' ■■ ■- /?■■•:■•• >'5.r? ■ /'S i Il J V ■= 1■■i 11 -' .1 DONALD E. HEPLER THIRD EDITION PAUL I. WALLACH THSS BOOK SS TOE PROPERTY OF: STATE Book No. PROVINCE Enter information COUNTY in spaces PARISH to the left as SCHOOL DISTRICT. instructed OTHER CONDITION Year ISSUED TO Used ISSUED RETURNED • M M M MM MM M —M M—MM M M M M M M M M M— ••••••••••mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmMMMMM* OMMMMMMMMMe SNMMMMNMW OMMMMMsftMMM* eeMMMMi MMMMMMMMMM* MMMMM IMMMMMMM •MMMMMttMMi >MM< >MMMI IMMM» MMMMMMMMMMMM* MMM M M•••«•••••••• . >MMMMM •MMMMMMMi MMMMMMI ••etMMMM PUPILS to whom this textbook Is issued must not write on any page or mark any part of it in any way, consumable textbooks excepted. 1. Teachert should tec that the pupil's name Is clearly written in ink in the spaces above in every book issued. 2. The following terms should be used in recording the condition of the book: New; Good; Fair; Foor; Bod. ........ ■■■ ■ ■**«*«*?fr.vnwyrv’- t*sb& PROP^TV OF THE r RD • a Year .'•j.-.n I I ___ ■ THIRD EDITION Architecture Drafting and Design Donald E. Hepler Paul I. Wallach McGraw-Hill Book Company New York St. Louis San Francisco Dallas Auckland Bogota Dusseldorf Johannesburg London Madrid Mexico Montreal New Delhi Panama Paris Sao Paulo Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto I Editor: Hal Lindquist Editing Supervisors: Faye Allen and Mary Naomi Russell Design Supervisor: Jim Darby Production Supervisors: Renee Guilmette, Ted Agrillo, and Suzanne LanFranchi Design: Aspen Hollow Art Sendee Cover Photo: Pedro A. Noa Cover Design: Cathy Gallagher Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hepler, Donald E Architecture: drafting and design. Includes index. 1. Architectural drawing. 2. Architectural design. I. Wallach. Paul I., joint author. II. Title. NA2700.H4 1977 720'.28 76-19073 ISBN 0-07-028291-9 Copyright © 1977,1971,1965 by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Contente Preface viii Introduction 1 PART ONE THE DESIGN PROCESS 9 Section 1 Designing and Planning 10 Unit 1. Architectural Styles 10 Unit 2. Design Factors 20 Unit 3. Orientation 25 Unit 4. Density Planning 30 Unit 5. Ecology and Planning 35 Section 2 Living Area 38 Unit 6. The Living Room 38 Unit 7. The Dining Room 48 Unit 8. The Family Room 53 Unit 9. The Recreation Room 56 Unit 10. Porches 60 “S; Unit 11. Patios 65 Unit 12. Lanais 73 Unit 13. Traffic Areas 77 Unit 14. Entrances 82 Unit 15. The Den 89 Section 3 Service Area 92 Unit 16. The Kitchen 92 Unit 17. The Utility Room 102 Unit 18. Garages and Carports 105 Unit 19. Home Work Area 109 Unit 20. Storage Areas 113 Section 4 Sleeping Area 118 Unit 21. Bedrooms 118 Unit 22. Baths 124 iii PART TWO BASIC ARCHITECTURAL PLANS 133 134 Section 5 Drafting Techniques Unit 23. Architectural Line Weights 134 Unit 24. The Architect’s Scale 137 Unit 25. Metric Scale 144 Unit 26. Drafting Instruments 151 Unit 27. Computer-Aided Drafting Systems 156 Unit 28. Timesavers 164 Unit 29. Architectural Lettering 171 Unit 30. Line Techniques 175 Section 6 Drawing Floor Plans 178 Unit 31. Room Planning 178 Unit 32. Floor-Plan Design 184 Unit 33. Complete Floor Plan 191 Unit 34. Floor-Plan Dimensioning 202 Section 7 Elevation Drawings 208 Unit 35. Elevation Design 208 Unit 36. Elevation Projection 223 Unit 37. Elevation Symbols 228 Unit 38. Elevation Dimensioning 237 Unit 39. Landscape Rendering 239 Section 8 Pictorial Drawing 243 Unit 40. Exteriors 243 Unit 41. Interiors 251 Unit 42. Rendering 255 PART THREE TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURAL PLANS 265 Section 9 Location Plans 266 Unit 43. Plot Plans 266 Unit 44. Landscape Plans 270 Unit 45. Survey Plans 275 iv Section 10 Sectional Drawings 282 Unit 46. Full Sections 282 Unit 47. Detail Sections 287 Section 11 Foundation Plans 296 Unit 48. Foundation Members 296 Unit 49. Foundation Types 300 Unit 50. Foundation Construction Methods 304 Unit 51. Fireplaces 307 Section 12 Framing Plans 314 Unit 52. Types of Framing 314 Unit 53. Floor-Framing Plans 330 Unit 54. Exterior-Wall Framing Plans 347 Unit 55. Interior-Wall Framing Plans 360 Unit 56. Stud Layouts 366 Unit 57. Roof-Framing Plans 371 Unit 58. Roof-Covering Materials 398 Section 13 Electrical Plans 403 Unit 59. Lighting 403 Unit 60. Electrical Principles 411 Unit 61. Planning with Electricity 418 Section 14 Air-Conditioning Plans 426 Unit 62. Air-Conditioning Methods 426 Unit 63. Air-Conditioning Symbols 437 Section 15 Plumbing Diagrams 439 Unit 64. Plumbing Lines 439 Unit 65. Plumbing Fixtures 444 Section 16 Modular Component Plans 446 Unit 66. Modular System of Designing 446 Unit 67. Drawing Modular Plans 458 Section 17 Architectural Plan Sets 465 Unit 68. Sets of Plans 465 Unit 69. Relationship of Plans 467 v PART FOUR 479 ARCHITECTURAL SUPPORT SERVICES 480 Section 18 Schedules and Specifications Unit 70. Door and Window Schedules 480 Unit 71. Finish Schedules 483 Unit 72. Specifications 486 494 Section 19 Building Codes Unit 73. Required Sizes 495 Unit 74. Building Loads 498 Section 20 Methods of Checking 501 Unit 75. Architectural Models 501 Unit 76. Template Checking 5 10 Unit 77. Architectural Checklists 516 Section 21 Cost Analysis 521 Unit 78. Building Costs 521 Unit 79. Financing 525 PART HVE APPENDIX 529 Section 22 Careers Related to Architecture 530 Section 23 Mathematics Related to Architecture 538 Section 24 Architectural Glossary 541 Section 25 Architectural Synonyms 554 Section 26 Architectural Abbreviations 560 Index 563 vi