Archaeologies of Touch This page intentionally left blank Archaeologies of Touch Inter facing with Haptics from Electricity to Computing David Parisi University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis London Portions of chapter 1 were previously published as “Shocking Grasps: An Archaeology of Electrotactile Game Mechanics,” Game Studies 13, no. 2 (2013). Portions of chapter 2 were previously published as “Tactile Modernity: On the Scientific Rationalization of Touch in the Nineteenth Century,” in Media, Technology, and Literature in the Nineteenth Century: Image, Sound, and Touch, ed. Collette Colligan and Margaret Linley (Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2011), 189– 214; copyright 2011. Portions of chapter 5 were previously published as “Fingerbombing, or ‘Touching Is Good’: The Cultural Construction of Technolo- gized Touch,” The Senses & Society 3, no. 3 (Berg Press, 2008), 302–27; copyright 2008. Copyright 2018 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401- 2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu ISBN 978-1-5179-0058-8 (hc) ISBN 978-1-5179-0059-5 (pb) A Cataloging-in-Publication record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper The University of Minnesota is an equal- opportunity educator and employer. 22 21 20 19 18 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Kristen This page intentionally left blank What men make, men may also unmake; but what nature makes no man may dispute. To identify the role of human agency in the making of an item of knowledge is to identify the possibility of its being otherwise. To shift the agency onto natural reality is to stipulate the grounds for universal and irrevocable assent. — Stephen Shapin and Simon Schaffer, The Leviathan and the Air- Pump This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface. Interrupting the Networked Body xi Acknowledgments xvii Introduction. Haptic Interfaces and the Quest to Reinscribe Tactility 1 Interface 1. The Electrotactile Machine 41 Interface 2. The Haptic 99 Interface 3. The Tongue of the Skin 151 Interface 4. Human– Machine Tactile Communication 213 Interface 5. The Cultural Construction of Technologized Touch 265 Coda. Haptics and the Reordering of the Mediated Sensorium 323 Notes 335 Index 419