Archaeological test excavations of four sites at Fort Riley, Riley and Geary Counties, Kansas

210 Pages·1997·10.3 MB·English

by  Kreisa, Paul P

978,101
K875ar
3
ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST
EXCAVATIONS OF FOUR SITES AT
FORT RILEY,
RILEY AND GEARY COUNTIES, KANSAS
byPaulP. KreisaandGregoryR. Walz
Public Service Archaeology Program
Research Report No. 29
2
UNIVERSITY OF
ILLINOIS LIBRARY
AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
OMB No. 0704-0188
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DivnHighway.Suite WO*.Arlington.VA 22207-J30}.andtotheOHiceolManagementandBudget.PaperworkReductionProiect(0704-0188).Washington. DC 20503.
1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED
January 1997 Final
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE j. FUNDING NUMBCaS
Archaeological Test Excavations of Four Sites at DACA88-94-D-000!
Fort Riley, Riley and Geary Counties, Kansas Delivery No. 14
6. AUTHOR(S)
Paul P. Kreisa and Gregory R. Walz
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
Public Service Archaeology Program
Research Report 29
Dept of Anthropology
.
University of Illinois, Urbana, II. 61801
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING
United States Army Construction Engineering AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Laboratories
Champaign, II. 61826-9005
11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE
13. A8STRACT (Maximum200words)
In 1996 the NRHP evaluation of four sites was conducted at Fort Riley.
Sites included 14RY3193, a World War Ientertainment complex, 14RY5155,
a prehistoric lithic scatter, 14RY3183, a mjlticomponent prehistoric
site, and 14GE3108, a 19th to 20th cer.tury railroad station agent's
house. Site 14RY3183, is recommended as eligible for the NRHP, while
14RY5155 lacks integrity and therefore is not condisidered eligible
for the NRHP. Historical documentary research is recommended for
14RY3193 and 14GE3108 prior to NRHP determination.
14. SU8JECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES
Archeology, Geophysical Survey, Historic, Prehistoric,
SMoky Hills, Kansas, Flint Hills 16. PRICE CODE
17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT
OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT
^^^^^^^^^^^- Standard Form 298 (Rev 2-89)
Digitized by the Internet Archive
2013
in
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL TEST EXCAVATIONS OF FOUR SITES
AT FORT RILEY, RILEY AND GEARY COUNTIES, KANSAS
For Submission To:
U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories
Champaign, Illinois 61826-9005
Contract No. DACA88-94-D-0008
Delivery Order No. 0014
By:
Paul P. Kreisa
Gregory R. Walz
Research Report No. 29
Dr. Paul P. Kreisa, Principal Investigator
Public Service Archaeology Program
Department ofAnthropology
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
109 Davenport Hall
607 South Mathews Avenue
Urbana, Illinois 61801
January 1997

ABSTRACT
In April and June 1996 crews from the Public Service Archaeology Program, University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign, conducted a Phase II (Kansas Phase III) National Register of Historic Places
evaluation of four archaeological sites at Fort Riley, Riley and Geary counties, Kansas, for the United
States Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL). The investigations were
designed to yield information necessary to evaluate the sites for listing in National Register of Historic
Places. Site 14RY3183, a late prehistoric site located adjacent to a tributary drainage of the Kansas
River; 14RY3193, an historic site dating to World War I and known as Army City; 14RY5155, a
prehistoric site located on a tributary ofthe Kansas River; and 14GE3108, an historic site known as the
Station Agent House site; were investigated. Investigations at 14RY3183 identified an intact midden
deposit. The upper portion dates to the Early Ceramic and Middle Ceramic periods while the lower
portion may date to the Archaic period. Based on the integrity of deposits along with the potential of
artifacts recovered during the excavations to yield information important to understanding the prehistory
of northeastern Kansas, 14RY3183 is recommended as eligible for listing in the National Register of
Historic Places. Investigations at 14RY5155 revealed that most ofthe archaeological deposits have been
impacted by ground disturbance. Based on the poor integrity of deposits and paucity of artifacts at this
site, 14RY5155 is not recommended as eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
The other two sites investigated, 14RY3193 and 14GE3108, both early twentieth-century historic sites,
have not been evaluated for inclusion in the NRHP. Detailed documentary research, not included under
the USACERL Scope of Work, is needed before either of these two sites can be adequately evaluated.
Detailed documentary research is recommended for both ofthese sites prior to formal evaluation.
in

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES
vii
LIST OF TABLES
ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xi
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
1. 1
CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
2. 7
Geology 7
Soils 9
Climate and Climate Change 10
Biotic Resources 11
Summary 12
,
CHAPTER CULTURAL CONTEXT
3. 15
Previous Archaeological Research 15
Prehistoric Context 17
Historic Period 24
The Civilian History of Fort Riley 26
The Military History of Fort Riley 44
CHAPTER RESEARCH GOALS
4. 53
Prehistoric Period Research Domains 53
Historic Period Research Domains 54
Summary 55
CHAPTER 5. FIELD AND LABORATORY METHODS 57
Field Methods 57
Laboratory Methods 58
Site Forms 63
Curation 63
Metadata Collection 64
CHAPTER 6. RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS 65
14RY3183 65
14RY3193 86
14RY5155 100
14GE3108 Ill
TABLE OF CONTENTS CONCLUDED
Page
CHAPTER SUMMARY OF EVALUATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7. 131
Summary of Investigations 131
Summary of Metadata 36
1
REFERENCES CITED 139
APPENDIX A. ARTIFACT INVENTORY 159
APPENDIX B. LOCATIONAL FIGURES (bound separately)
APPENDIX C. SITE FORMS (bound separately)
APPENDIX D. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION (bound separately)
APPENDIX E. PHOTOGRAPHS (bound separately)
VI