Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Susquehanna Valley PDF
Preview Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Susquehanna Valley
Front cover: Copied from the painting, "View of Binghamton from the Inebriate Asylum," by Henry Wolcott Boss, 1862. Courtesy of the Roberson Center for the Arts and Sciences, 30 Front Street, Binghamton, New York. Robert E. Funk at the Fortin Site, July 1972. Photo by Bruce E. Rippeteau. ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE UPPER SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY, NEW YORK STATE by Robert E. Funk Anthropological Survey New York State Museum With contributions by: Robert J. Dineen Charles E. Gillette Franklin}. Hesse James T. Kirkland Donald M. Lewis Bruce E. Rippeteau William A. Starna Beth Wellman David R. Wilcox Persimmon Press Monographs in Archaeology, 1993 To William A. Ritchie, to amateur archaeology, and to all field workers who have nourished the spirit of science. © Robert E. Funk. No portion of this work may be reproduced in any form without permission of the author and the publisher. Persimmon Press, 118 Tillinghast Place, Buffalo, New York 14216. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Funk, Robert E. Archaeological investigations in the upper Susquehanna Valley, New York State/by Robert E. Funk; with contributions by Robert I. Dineen ... [et al.]. p[. cm. - (Persimmon Press monographs in archaeology) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0-9615462-9-8: $60.00 (est.) 1 . Indians of North America -Susquehanna River Watershed -Antiquities. 2. Excavations (Archaeol ogy) - Susquehanna River Watershed - History. 3. Plant remains (Archaeology) - Susquehanna River Watershed. 4. Animal remains (Archaeology) - Susquehanna River Watershed. 5. Susquehanna River Watershed -Antiquities. 6. New York (State)-Antiquities. I. Dineen, Robert J. (Robert James), 1942- 11. Title. III. Series. E78.S9F88 1993 93-25158 974.7'7-dc20 CIP Printed by Partners' Press, Kenmore Avenue, Buffalo, N.Y. 14217. TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I List of Figures ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 List of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. .................... 9 List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 Foreword. ... 13 Preface ................................. .. .15 Part I: The Project Introduction .................................................................................... 19 Chapter 1: Research Philosophy: Objectives, Approaches, and Results ......................... 27 Chapter 2: Field and Laboratory Methods .................. . ..................... . .... 33 Part II: The Environment Chapter 3: General Geology and Geography ..................... .. .................. . .................................. . ..43 Chapter 4: Faunal and Floral Resource Potential ......................................................... 51 Chapter 5: Environmental Zones and Local Habitats ............................................................................. 65 Part III: The Cultures in Conflict Chapter6: Europeans Come to the Upper Susquehanna ....................................................................... 85 Part IV: The Interpretations Chapter 7: Fluvial Geomorphology of the Upper Susquehanna Study Area ............................................. 95 Chapter8: Prehistoric Vegetation Change in the Upper Susquehanna Drainage ................................... 115 Chapter9: Writing Culture History........... .. .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. ................... 125 Chapter 10: The Upper Susquehanna Sequence and Chronology........... ........................ ... 141 Chapter 11: Continuity, Stability an'd Change. ................................... : ................................................. 215 Chapter 12: Functions and Activities ....................................................................................................... 229 Chapter 13: Subsistence, Settlement, and Seasonality ........................................................................... 245 Chapter 14: Summary, Conclusions, and Synthesis ................................................................................. 313 References Cited .......................................................... . .. .. 329 Indices to Volume 1 .............................................................................. . .. .................. 359 VOLUME II List of Figures List of Plates List of Tables Appendix 1: A Checklist of Edible Higher Plants Native to the Upper Susquehanna Valley, New York State Appendix 2: Preliminary Descriptions of New Projectile Point Types Appendix 3: Archaeological Site Reports The Fortin Site The Street Site The Messina Site The Shearer Site The Mattice No. 2 Site The Munson Site 3 The Camelot No. 1 Site The Camelot No. 2 Site The Crandall-Wells Site The Rose Site The Enck No. 1 Site The Enck No. 2 Site The Kuhr No. 1 Site The Kuhr No. 2 Site The Otego Rockshelters The Sternberg Site The Gardepe Site The Russ Site The Johnsen No. 1 Site The Johnsen No. 2 Site The Egli Site The Wessels Site The Bemis Site The Castle Gardens Site The Cottage Site Appendix 4: Palynological and Radiometric Analyses of Organic Samples from Archaeological and Non- Archaeological Localities: Mud Lake East VlyBog Oneonta Bypass Bog The Organic Zone at the Munson Site Pollen samples from the Mattice No. 2 Site The Camelot Pond Locality The Organic Zone at the Crandall-Wells Site The Mill Creek Junction Locality The Chamberlain Hill Road Locality The Organic Zone at the Enck No. 1 Site Pollen Samples from the Enck No. 2 Site The Organic Sample from the Backhoe Trench at the Kuhr No. 1 Site Pollen Samples from the Gardepe Site Russell Beach Swamp Lake Misery References Cited Indices to Volume 2 4 VOLUME 1 5 6
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