Table Of Content

“...dedicated to the appreciation and conservation of the Coiorado native fiora” Volume 16 Numbers September/October 1992 Hoosier Ridge Research Natural Area in Jeopardy Nina Williams Establishmentofthe HoosierRidgeRNA glow. On themore xeric windblown ridges Colorado Natural Areas Program would protect an incredible wealth of and sites of early snowmelt, Kobresia botanical diversity, including several of myosuroidestakesroot. SalixglaucaandS. Colorado’s rarest alpine plants. The brachycarpa characterize the alpine scrub When word came from Washington in celebrationendedabruptly,however,when communities. Octoberof1991thatthedecisiontodesignate lessthan threemonthsafterpublicationof aResearchNaturalArea(RNA)atHoosier thedecision, U.S.ForestServiceChief,F. While these tundra communities are fairly Ridge had been made by the U.S. Forest DaleRobertson, withdrew the action. His common in thesouthernRockyMountains, Service, Colorado Natural Areas Program reason? Appeals from the mining theassemblageofrare,endemicanddisjunct staffandthebotanicalcommunitybeganto community. species found on Hoosier Ridge is unique. celebrate. After more than a decade of Saussarea weberi is known only from the work, Colorado could finally designate its StraddlingtheContinentalDivideincentral Hoosier Ridge area, Montana’s Belt forty-seventh state natural area in Colorado’sMosquitoRange,HoosierRidge Mountains, andtheBeartoothMountainsin cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service. haslongbeenknownforitsdiversityofrare northwesternWyoming;itsclosestrelative, plants and high quality examples of S. viscida var. yukonensis, occurs in Colorado alpineplantcommunities. Saskatchewan.Armeriascabrassp.sibirica is another extremely rare arctic disjunct, Deschampsia caespitosa Acomastylis foundagain inMongoliaandtheNorthwest rossii ssp. turbinata dominate the north- Territories.Ipomopsisglobularisisendemic facing mesic alpine meadows; the alpine to the Mosquito Range. Astragalus avenscreatestheautumntundra’sdeepred molybdenus, Braya humilis ssp. ventosa, - continuedonpage 4 Contents President's Report 2 Field Trip Report 9 Announcements 3 News From Florissant 10 Letters to the Editor 3 Chapter Activities 10 Winter-Spring Book Review 11 Workshops 6-7 For Your Library 11 Field Notes 8 Calendar 12 1 Page 2 Aquilegia Volume 16 President’s Report Carol Dawson If you were able to attend the Annual Natural Heritage Program, Tom Ranker, BoulderChapterpresident),RobUdall,Sally MeetingoftheColoradoNativePlantSociety Curator of the University of Colorado White (who will continue as conservation onOctober3'**, I’m sureyouwillagreethat Boulder Herbarium (COLO) at Boulder, committeechair), andJanetWingate. Your itwas one ofthe most successful meetings Velma Richards, Volunteer in the committment to tlie goals of the Colorado ever! Comments from attendees indicate HerbariumattheDenverBotanicGardens, NativePlantSocietyissincerelyappreciated. thattheprogramwasboth informativeand and Nina Williams, Botanist with the exciting. Tina Jones, who served as our ColoradoNatural Areas Program, 1991-92 vice president and program committee chair, deserves special thanks At the board of Directors meeting, the forherincredibleeffortincoordinatingthis following officers wereelected: conference. TamaraNaumannasvicepresident,Myma Steinkampastreasurer,andMarkGershman Aquilegia Iwouldliketowelcomethefollowingnew as secretary. BoardMembers: Mark Gershman, Wetlands and Wildlife Finally, Iwouldliketothankthefollowing Coordinator with the City of Boulder retiringBoardmembersfortheirhardwork is printed on Planning and Open Space Departments, during the last two years: Peter Henson, 100% recycled paper ChrisPague, CoordinatorfortheColorado Tina Jones, Betsy Neely (who is the new Schedule ofMembershipFees Officers Aquilegia President CarolDawson 722-6758 Life $250 Vice-President TamaraNaumann ...440-8933 Supporting $ 50 Secretary MarkGershman 443-9365 Organization $ 30 Treasurer MyrnaSteinkamp ...226-337 FamilyorDual $ 15 Individual $ 12 Board ofDirectors StudentorSenior $ 8 JeffDawson(93) Denver 722-6758 GaryFinstad(93) Denver 791-3790 Membership Renewal/Information Aquilegia ispublished sixtimes ayearbythe MarkGershman(94) Boulder 443-9365 ColoradoNativePlantSociety Thisnewsletter Pleasedirectallmembershipapplications,renewals BillJennings(93) Louisville 666-8348 iosthaevrasilwaibtlheatnoimnteemrebsetrisnnoaftitvhee.pSloanctise.tyCoanntdactto aailnnldcoatarhdeedrroifenstqsuhiecrhSioaecsnigreeetgsya'trsodmitanhigeltMihenegmvbSaoedcdrirseethsyist.poPtchlheeaaSiserecprederitsraoerncy,t TTChaormmiasrRPaaanNgkuaeeurm((9a94n4))n(93) ..LBBoyouuollnddseerr 447499024---845974313392 the Society forsubscription information. incareoftheSociety'smailingaddress. VelmaRichards(94) Englewood 794-5432 VickyTrammell(93) Littleton 795-5843 ArticlesfromAquilegiamay beusedbyother Newsletter Contributions NinaWilliams(94) GoldHill 443-8079 native plant societies or non-profit groups if fullycitedtoauthorandattributedtoAquilegia. Pleasedirectallcontributionstothenewsletter Chapter Presidents to: The Colorado Native Plant Society is a non- T94a0maQruainNnaSutmreaentn BDoeunlvdeerr-Metro BReotnsyAbNbeoetlty 434333--68105914 profitorganizationdedicatedtotheappreciation Boulder, CO 80303 FortCollins MikeScott 490-1788 andconservationoftheColoradonativeflora. Yamparika ReedKelley 878-4666 Moeunertmhbnueasrtiisavhsetispplaibnsotost,pheanpnrtdoofiasellscswoiimotpnhaoalsnedainntodefrepnsltoanni-nt DAepardilli1n5e,sJufnoer1n5,ewAsulgeutstter15m,aOtcetrioablesra1r5e,aFnedbDreucareymb1e5r, SanJuan CPoemgmgiytLtyeoens 626-5526 15. professional. Shortitemssuchasunusualinformationaboutaplant, Conservation SallyWhite 697-5439 Pleasejoin us inhelping toencourageinterest a little known botanical term, etc. are especially Editorial TamaraNaumann ...440-8933 in enjoying and protecting Colorado's native welcome. Camera-readylineartorotherillustrations Education GaryFinstad 791-3790 plants. The Society sponsors field trips, arealsosolicited. FieldTrips JeffDawson ;...722-6758 FieldStudies MaryEdwards 233-8133 workshops and other activities through local Please include author's name and address, although Hort/Restoration ....DorothyUdall 482-9826 chaptersandstatewide. ContacttheSociety,a items will be printed anonymously, if requested. Membership MyrnaSteinkamp ...226-3371 chapterrepresentative, orcommitteechairfor Articles submitted on disks (IBM or Mac) are Publicity JuliaCarlson ...752-2738 more information. appreciated.Pleaseindicatewordprocessingsoftware Workshops BillJennings 666-8348 andversion. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 3 ANNOUNCEMENTS W erecentlyreceivedasin.^1 butsignificant Chapters Getting Organized After the Summer Field Season... , contributionj^gjpe,iiewsil!|tter. Artist Jan North::.Bishop g=ent us a tfcawing of an TheBoulderChapterheldanorganizationalpotluckinOctober.Thefoodwasgreat Aqiiil^gia fip\^er topii#^ii®|^^pu know and the company was even better. New officers "volunteered." Betsy Neely is when youVe reachedthe endof article. president;ElaineHillisvicepresident;AnneMaleyandElaineSmitharerefreshment Heroi^piish coordinators; andLynnRiedelhandlespublicity. It's arealteam effort! youse||^ebai^^^3here/dur.i®sii(lent ConipilprWizard^Mai^G$ralmiaa*sc TheMetro-DenverChapterisup-and-nmning!RonAbbottwasre-electedpresident; Jan’sirpageinto^ecomputeandweshrunk Chris Hartung is vice president; Virginia Knowlton is secretary-treasurer. itdown so itloiofc^like this,,.,..... Congratulationsto the Metro-Denverteam! Thanks Jan' Weplan,to use alotofthese little col^bines. We'll look fornews from FortCollins, SanJuan, andYamparikanexttime! LETTERS to the EPITOR COLLECTING ETHICS fromthequestionofcollectingtruevoucher andlasting. Parkrangershavegoodreason Okay, maybegetting one’sintroduction to specimens (when appropriate and forpromoting astrongerethic. Colorado botany in Rocky Mountain necessary), they raised the concern of NationalParkisn’tthebestapproach.Butif gratuitous plucking and its effects. The Times have changed, thank goodness. it warped me for life, it also taught me “scientific” fraction of my brain quickly Collecting an armful ofwildflowers is no V respectfortheplantsandenvironmentswe pointedoutthatmostplantsaren’tseriously longer in vogue. Times have changed for '^a study. Twenty-odd years later, I still can’t damaged by such minor losses, but that’s botanists,too.We’renolongerdocumenting cross the tundra without tip-toeing. Our notthepoint.Evenifnolastingharmisdone an entirely new flora, as Nuttall, Grayand stateand localparks go to greatlengths to toaplant,aharmfulmessageissent: Those otherswere. We, too, havegoodreasonfor indoctrinatevisitorswith thesameethicas who know, and presumably appreciate promoting strongerethics. donationalparks:Takeonlypictures.Can plants best, find this practice acceptable weaffordadifferentstandardfortheSociety? beyond question - or even notice. Those I’m writing this inhopes ofcorrecting any whooughttobesettingthebestexamplefor role I may have played in giving a bad One reason for carefully evaluating our othersareinfactsettingtheworstexample, impression ofthe Society, because Iknow stance on this question is the fundamental andare undermining the goodresultspark thisisagoodgroupofpeople. Ihopethose difficultyofmmntainingadoublestandard. naturalistseverywherearetryingtoachieve. whoaredoingformalplantcollectionswill To do so, we must establish that we, as read and follow tlie Society’s Guidelines botanistsorSocietymembers,aresomehow Thenumberofpeopleoutonourdwindling (Vol. 16, No. 3, pages9-11) andtheirown different and more privileged than other natural lands hasbecome far too large for consciences. Ihopetherestofuswillthink people interested in plants, whether thecumulativeeffectsofminordamagesto more conscientiously about whether the wildflower lovers, herbalists, interior remain unnoticeable. Most folks perhaps casualsnippingwearedoing isthethingto decorators, or home gardeners, whose have good intentions but short attention do, whether we are willing to have others depredationsonlocalflorasweoftenlament. spans. We’ve all had the experience of witness us doing it—and whether we’d be Whenweareoutwithplantenthusiastswho finding wilted flowers discarded on the willingtohaveothers(especiallythosewith have absorbed park standards, their ethics trail. How is our thoughtless grazing any lessabilitytodistinguishrarefromcommon regarding casually pulling, picking, or different?Weneedtolearntorecognizeand plants) imitate ourbehavior. Read the line snipping plants or plant parts for more correctthedestructivesideofourinterestin onpageoneundertheSociety’slogoagain. convenientobservatioiifarexceedours-in plants. As members, we claim a special fact, they’re apt to be horrified at our responsibilitytoColorado’sflora.Weneed behavior. I’m reminded of the tum-of-the-century to cultivate betterfieldhabits. expeditionstowhatisnowRockyMountain I’mnotcomfortableinthefieldwithpeople National Park, and thefolkswhocollected Sally White whoarehorrifiedatmybehaviororthatof wildflowersliterallybythebusheltoadorn CONPS Conservation Committee my companions, and I was chagrined their dark Victorian parlors in Denver. A recently to have the discrepancy in our plantdoesn’tneedtoberareto succumbto ethical stance pointed out to me by sorne such treatment, and the effects ofhistoric folks with whom I was botanizing. Apart wildflowerpickingonparkecologyarereal s s s s s Page 4 AquHegia Volume 16 Sibbaldiaprbcumbens Hoosier Ridge, continuedfromfrontpage Artist:JanetWingate Draba borealis, D. porsildii, Papaver and status report Mining issuesform thebasisoftheappeals kluanense,Phippsiaalgida,andTownsendia recommended threatened resulting in the withdrawal of the Hoosier rothrockiiarerareplantsalsogrowinginthe status.Followingthisrecommendation,the Ridge RNA. Appellants accuse the Forest HoosierRidge area. U.S.FishandWildlifeServicepublishedits Serviceoffailing to assess thearea’s high intentiontohstEutremainOctoberof1990. mineral content and list the seven active The main source of controversy between Two years later, the fen mustard remains (patented) mining claims within the RNA the mining and conservation communities unlisted,placingtheServiceinviolationof boundaries. Thissummertheentirenatural is the endeniic Pleistocene relict, Eutrema theEndangeredSpeciesAct,whichrequires areawas found stakedin whatappeared to penlandii (syn. = Eutrema edwardsii ssp. a listing action on species within 365 days be mining claim patterns. penlandii). First collected in 1935 near following publication ofintent. Hoosier Pass by C. William T. Penland, Oneappealcitesthe 1991 AlmaAmerican Penland’salpinefenmustardisknownonly Factors influencing the decision to list MiningCorporationstudythatdocumented fromfourteen scatteredpopulationswithin Eutremaincludethe“highdegreeofhabitat anincreaseinthenumberofknownEutrema itsnarrowrange, approximately seventeen specificity”ofthespecies(evidencedbyits individualsfromapproximately6,000plants miles long and one mile wide, along the absence from seemingly suitable habitat to 16,000. Mr. Gregory Hahn, Vice- crest of the Mosquito Range. Numerous elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains), the PresidentofSt.Mary’sMineralsandauthor searches have failedto extendthe species’ fragile and critical hydrologic regime in oftlieappeal,concludesfromthis“evidence” range. Eutrema’ closestrelative, andonly which the species is found, and multiple that Eutrema does not warrant threatened otherNorthAmericanmemberofthegenus threats to the species’ habitat. status. Hahn fails to acknowledge that the isEutremaedwardsii,acircumborealspecies Almareportdidnotsignificantlyextendthe ofarctic North Americaand Siberia. Alpine ecosystems are extremely rangeofthediminutivemustard.JanetColes, susceptible toprolonged trampling and ColoradoNaturalAreasProgramecologist, Penland’seutremaisverynarrowlyrestricted disturbance. Annualburro races iswaryofusingannualpopulationnumbers to certain perennially saturated moss- ^ from Fairplay to Leadville to predict species status. “Viability ofthe covered peatlands above 12,000 feet. follow aroute over Mosquito species can not be judged accurately by Permanent snowfields provide the Passthrough apopulation of population number counts because of the continuous water source for substrate Eutrema. Off-road vehicle use widefluctuationofindividualsfromyearto saturation. Field reports from this summer is popularin this area. Proponents year,” she says. reveal a tendency for Eutrema to grow ofthe Colorado DivideTrail alongeutrophicwaters, oftenevidencedby (CDT) wantthe trail to bisect AppellantsalsoarguethattheForestService RNA filamentous blue-green algae. Additional thenatural area, which straddles established the for preservation of questionsremainunansweredabouttherole the Continental Divide. Routing rare plants, and not for research. They of geologic substrate, soil pH, and water the CDT on thedivide through quote the following federal regulations: quality in defining Eutrema’ distribution. the natural area was abandoned “Whenappropriate,theChiefshallestablish ^ U as asuitable alternative when aseriesofresearchnaturalareas^..toillustrate \jtr RNA establishmentappeared adequately or typify for research or Eutrema is tiny Rhodiolaintegrifolia imminent. Since ChiefRobertson’s educational purposes, the important forest Artist:JanetWingate and easily overlooked. withdrawal, however, rumors suggest and range types in each forest region, as It is a glabrous, tap-rooted perennial with tliatthe HoosierRidgeroute isback well as otherplant communities that have inflorescences sometimes reaching 7 on thedrawingtable. Natureherselfmight specialoruniquecharacteristicsofscientific centimeters in height. Its ovate to cordate, proveEutrema’ bestally; thissummerthe interestorimportance.”TheForestService long-petioled basal leaves range from 5 to Forest Service indicated that lightning- Manual, however, lists preservation of 10 millimeters in length, although moss related safety issuesmay force tlie trail off pristinerepresentativealpine habitats with sometimes obscures the petioles, giving the divide. uniqueattributesandpreservationofgenetic RNA them a false sessile appearance. Cauline diversity as valid objectives of leavesaresessileandnarrowlyoblong.The Eutrema’ worst enemy is tiie mining tliat establishment.Finally,theappellants object microscopicwhitepetalsmeasurelessthan madeLeadvilleandAlmafamous.Ditching to withdrawing the 695 acre parcel from 1 millimeter wide, 2-3.5 millimeter long associatedwitlimining activitiesalters the multiple use, a withdrawal that was . and the quadrangular siliques are strongly hydrology and can desiccate peat habitat. “entlmsiastically endorsed” by the Park ribbed. Rowering occurs in early to mid Acid run-off may alter tlie water quality County Commissioners in 1988. Unlike j July, and fruiting lasts through August. beyond tlie range of Eutrema’ tolerance. these appeals from mining interests, most Exotic species used in state-required conservation-based appeals of federal Eutrema penlandii was proposed for reclamation could presentanew source of actions are routinely denied, and rarely endangeredspeciesstatusin 1975and 1976. potentiallydetrimentalcompetition fortlie cause adecision to be rescinded. Itwasnotuntil 1988tliatadetailedinventory native flora. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 5 , Hoosier Ridge, continuedfrompage 4 Thefate ofHoosierRidgeremains unclearand I am certainlynotoptimistic. TheWhite Riverand Pike-San Isabel National Forestsjointlymanagetheareaandarereevaluating tlieRNAin lightoftherecentappeals. ABotanical SpecialManagementAreawouldbe a weak compromise, affording no protection from development. If proposed mining activitiesinvolvefillingwetlands,projectscouldbepostponedordeniedunderSection404 ofthe Clean Water Act. The U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers, Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.FishandWildlifeService, andU.S.ForestServicewouldallbeinvolvedin the decision-making. Listing Eutremapenlandii as threatened would provide the most protection foritshabitat,butwillnotdirectlyaffectotherrarespeciesandcommunities. NoalternativeactioncanduplicatethelevelofprotectionaffordedEutremaanditsfragile ecosystem.Researchopportunitiesintheuniqueandrichlydiversebotanicalhabitatfound on HoosierRidge couldbe forever lost. What You Can Do 1. WritetoRegionalForester, ElizabethEstill; expressyourconcernsoropinionsabout managementofHoosierRidge. Askhertocontinuetowork towarddesignationofthis outstandingResearchNaturalArea. EncourageplacementoftheContinentalDivide Trail outsidetheboundariesoftheproposedRNA. Suggestplacementofinterpretive signsneartheRNAboundaryto infonnhikersofitsimportantbotanical value, andof thefragilenature ofthehabitat. ElizabethEstill,RegionalForester U.S.D.A. ForestService RockyMountainRegionalOffice P.O. Box25127 Lakewood, Colorado 80225 2. Sendcopies ofyourlettertotheForestSupervisorsonthePike-San Isabel (south slope ofHoosierRidge)andWhiteRiver(northslope)NationalForests. ForestSupervisor ForestSupervisor Pike-SanIsabelNationalForest WhiteRiverNational Forest 1920 ValleyDrive P.O. Box 948 Pueblo, Colorado 81008 Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81602 Botanical Esoterica 3. Write to theRegional Directorofthe U.S. Fish andWildlife Servicerequesting or[ifctleknownfactsaboutplants... immediate action on theproposed listing ofEutremapenlandii as athreatened species. Did you know that wasabi Regional Director (Japanese horseradish) is U.S. Fish andWildlifeService actually a speaes of Eutrema . P.O. 25486 and thus related to one ofour DenverFederalCenter rarest native cruafers^ (See Denver, Colorado 80225 Nina \A/illiams' articleonpage1.) Think aboutthatthenexttime 4. Send acopy ofyourletterto the Colorado StateOffice Supervisor, U.S. Fish and you eat sushi! Wildlife Service. Supervisor, Colorado StateOffice U.S'. Fish andWildlife Service 730 Simms Street, Room292 Golden, Colorado 80401 Page 6 AquHegia Volume 16 & Workshops Winter 1992 Spring 1993 - The Colorado Native Plant Society workshop series was established in 1985 to COLORADO CONIFERS provide members with winter-time activities when field trips are impossible. CONPSmembershaveattendedmorethan79workshopsovertheyears.Workshops leader; Vickey Trammell bringnativeplantlovers togetherwithawell-informedinstructorwhomayhave location; Arapahoe Community College, photographs, herbarium specimens, live plants, or other materials for hands-on Littleton study.Theopportunitytoreceiveone-on-oneinstructionandinformativelectures, firstsession; Saturday, January 16, 1993 has made the workshop series one of the most popular Native Plant Society second session: Sunday, January 17, 1993 programs. Attendeesneednospecial skills orbackground; aloveofplants anda desire to learn are tlie only prerequisites. The goal is to demystify plant identification and to enhance in all of us our enjoyment and understanding of Isa Douglas-fir treeafirtree?Is SpruceTree Colorado'snative flora. House at Mesa Verde National Park named becauseofthesprucetreesgrowingthere?Are PleasemailyourregistrationtoBillJennings,P.O.Box952,Louisville,CO80027. there cedar trees in Colorado? Learning to Indicate the workshops for which you would like to register, and include your recognize thenativeconifertreesofColorado name, address, and telephone number. Phone registrations will alsobe accepted willbethesubjectofthisworkshop.Participants (666-8348). Registerpromptly, asworkshops tend to fill upquickly. The fee for will leani simple field characteristics of the eachfull-dayworkshopis$10forCONPSmembersand$22fornon-members($10 leaves (needles) and the cones to aid in tree fortheworkshop and$12tojointheSociety). Paymentismadeonthedayofthe identification. Interesting facts and stories of workshop. About two weeks prior to tlie workshop, registrants will receive the natural history ofnative conifertrees will information by mail about location, time, lunch, and suggested references or alsobediscussed. Thiswillbeahalf-dayclass materials tobring to the workshop. (10 a.m. - 2 p.m.) at Arapahoe Community CollegeinLittletonwithafieldtripafterward It takes considerable time and effort for the instructors to plan and develop to see tfees at Chatfield Arboretum, weather workshopsand field trips. Pleaselet usknow how you like the activitiesoffered permitting. by CONPS. We need your suggestions for future workshops and trips. We also appreciate feedback on whether you find them informative and exciting ordull and uninteresting. We'd like your opinion on how well we are serving you, our membership. MONTANE and SUBALPINE GRASSES Location; Foothills Nature Center, Boulder Ptilagrostisporteri Artist:SueGalatowitsch First Session: Saturday December 5, 1992 Leader; Dr. Alan Carpenter Second Session: Sunday, December 6, 1992 Leader; Dr. David Buckner Drs. CarpenterandBucknerwill take us tliroughtlie fascinating and confusing world ofthe grassesofthe mountains. Aftercovering tlie terminology necessary to study the grasses, tliey will distribute numerous specimens for us to dissect and identify. This will be an uniqueandrewardingworkshop,continuingourseriesonidentification of this important group. Every Colorado botanist should have a working knowledge ofthe grasses. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 7 CENTURY PLANTS (AGAVES) WEEDS COLORADO of of the SOUTHWEST Leader: Dr. Wendy Hodgson Leader: Dr. Richard Old Location: University ofColorado, Boulder Location: Univ. ofColorado, Boulder SFeircsotnsdessseisosni:onS:aStuunrddaayy,,FFeebbrruuaarryy67,, 11999933 SFeircsotndsessseisosni:onS:aStuunrddaayy,,FFeebbrruuaarryy2278,, 11999933 ANhopAazefeltltrttpiesuhvocbboenuuuultwgAsanehmhroseoCtfroilohifcolacewaosaegtrrntahasresvdaseaovuesneshsldaetalrdrseteidhtknmelitoieonhegnntsutaeshgtieupeicoldvcnraeeuonselstesdeesrptntieitntscneipotaeolhfasfetvnsohatDpersfe,iiSngenwoevteiunye-ttutrhohisfpwtMAphewugeesaadsttyvaelslceelu,a,asnmvtaaneannosold.fytk FsbasAireeaggsordgntinrihotefeuwistshcisReaciabnrvtodneeltigysapeanuldsiraitcbnesaatrtlUsnsurirtapzbblsraieaaotdwtnbieclotlirenlCi.moeo,wraTndranhitndeoduourotwtaarlge.ttreohvideecFmguonselealittnttlautuutorriaiawatoolilinnon,vnpgeersigacsuecaoctptnhaaiotrtcatihmesioosicnrcuionlhaauaradrgevnilhedeya DuNteaatnhuverenarslisHBioiststawonirinyct’esrGcahurardrredenyn’tisnAzCRtooelccokreaxd&hoibaAintl.dpihTnahesebGslaporedoceminee.sdAiSngoatmvheee NviCn^oidlxolicbtoeruisnianttWiroeondeuodcfed“LWithsota.ttheiBsisoapelWcoiegeeisdca?clu,r”raewnnotdrlyksiodhneonptthipefairCctoialctioiproaanndatlos DlNseeamdsatelibrlvyteerBDPorlst.apanenWtciieScenoascldiayGerateHryodsideusingptislanoebnalP,esheoacdesuntriohaxtop.ourrDesrseo.efnHptltoahtdneltgiishss.eowrnTobhrwaekirlsilhCufoomolpcoauttrsoatoldbinoee wRScthieaacetrhdeaacrptUdernroiiOvbsleltdriescmiissstoyaafllitwnleoiveePseduerlasltnpmhdeaecnaiW,aeflseiWtswat.sohatfihfneigrlstiaowtnie,ldlwwbiehtohdiWsccaounssshsuielndtg.stDoornn identificationofthefewerthantwodozenspeciesnativenorth loafctohmepMleexxigceannusb.orderandontheproblemsofspecieslimitsin lIencatudrdeitFiroindatyontihgeht,woFrekbsrhuoaprsy.26D,r.onOcludrrweinltlmpertehsoednotloagsipeescifaolr FDrr.idHayodegvesnoinngw,ilFlebrguiavreya5,sppeocsisailbllyecitnurceonojnunccetnitounrwyitphlatnhtes dvcieorsmttpuiuanlteledyrtailozlerbdeopitldaaencnietciatflliicemaadtniiuocnahloosft.polmaonutss,kaetyeschcunrorleongtylythiantsuseeemisn AmericanRockGardenSocietyandtheCactusandSucculent Society, ASTRAGALI of the COLORADO FRONT RANGE Leader: Loraine Yeatts Location: LookoutMountainNature Center, Golden (tentative) Saturday, March 20, 1993 The milkvetches (genusAstragalus) comprise a very large group ofplants in alarge family (Fabaceae). WiUi such a large numberofspecies, many ofwhich are differentiated on technical characteristics, idenUficatibn can be daunUng fordie wildflowerlover. Many ofthese species are showyandattract attention at roadside in the spring and summer. Loraine Yeatts has agreed to tackle the FrontRange species and will present her observations in tliis workshop. You will learn tlie importantparts oftlie pea family flower and how to key tlie FrontRange species. Astragalusshortianus Artist:AnnCooper Page 8 AquHegia Volume 16 NOTES FIELP William A. Weber and Ronald C. Wittman University of Colorado Herbarium Dicentra uniflora: InAquHegia 15, No. 2, When we reported our bad luck to Mr. Monument, where access to the high p. 11, Michael L. Peterson, a retired Soil Peterson,hetoldusthatthe 1974-75winter sagebrush meadowsmightbe abitearlier. Conservation Service employee, reported wasoneofthewettestsnowwintersthatthe finding and photographing this species in Soil Conservation Service has ever Learning about the behavior of Dicentra Garfield,Mesa,andRioBlancocounties.In measured. Therefore, tlie season had to uniflora raises our hopes of finding correspondence with Mr. Peterson we havebeen greatlydelayed. Whenhefound Hesperochironpurnilum(Hydrophyllaceae) learned that he saw the plant at three Dicentra,theearly-floweringPhloxhoodii, in similar sites. This little, extremely early localities: GARFIELD CO.: West Divide Hydrophyllum capitatum, and Pulsatilla springflowerhasafewoblongbasalleaves Creekdrainage, offroadtoUncleBobMt., were already almost finished blooming. If and a single waxy white flower about an before USFS boundary, T7S R91W S32, wewanttofindDicentraweneedtogetup inch in diameter, the whole plant hardly Gibson Gulch Quad., 7 May 1975; under intothemountainsagebrushjustassoonas getting more than a centimeter above the sagebrush,gravellysurface,insoilsderived tliesnowleaves,andlookbeneatlisheltering ground. Thecollectorwasanonymous, but from aeolian loess mixed with basaltic sagebrush plants. This means abandoning thelocalityisknown: MontezumaNational stones, slope 12-15%; plants 5 cm tall. vehicles tliat can’t mitke it through tlie Forest; MilkRanch, 7,000 ft. alt., 28 April GARFIELDCO.: NorthwestCreekareaon greasy mud, and going on foot as far as 1914,associatedwitlisagebrushandweeds, NavalOilShaleReserveonBLMproperty, necessary. westslope, dry soil. I saw this specimen in 15SR94WS7,AnvilPointsandRioBianco the Forest Service Range Management Quads, (access is shown on Anvil Points I would urge Western Slope CONPS Herbarium. In 1955 I was able to find tlie Quad.), E-facing slope 6%, soilsdeep silty memberstoestablishthisplantasapriority, localityoftheso-calledMilkRanch.Itwas loess, 16May 1975.MESACO.:T8SR91W foruntilwehave voucherspecimensin tlie in Montezuma County, on House Creek, S20, Flatiron Mountain Quad., S-facing herbariumtlierecordwillremainunofficial, T38N R15W S28. Like Dicentra, the slope, 10%,in sagebrush; soilsloesswitha despitetliecolorphotograph.Sincetliisisa Hesperochiron grows in the same places, few gravels, over basalt, some Mahonia speciestliatis common in thearid areasof blossoms atthe same time, anddisappears nearby,15May1975.Mr.Petersonfurnished the Pacific Nortliwest, east ofthe Cascade verysoonafterblooming.Thesetwoplants theherbariumwithasplendidcolorprintof Range, itislikely thatwe shouldfinditon shouldbesoughtafterbyourWesternSlope the plant. the plateaus of Dinosaur National members. Ron Wittmann and I visited the first two localities on 9-11 May 1992 in hopes of finding and collecting voucher herbarium specimens. The Uncle Bob locality is accessiblebydrivingtheDryHollowRoad south from Silt. We found the road heavy going with deep mud and had to walk the last few miles, but although this date was closetotheanniversaryofthefirstdiscovery, we foundnoplants. In fact, theseason was very far along and such an early bloomer surely had withered and disappeared. One ofthefine surprises was forus to seegreat stands of Pedicularis centranthera everywhereunderthepinonandjuniper.The AnvilPointslocalitywasreachedbywayof theCowCreekroadoutofPiceanceCreek. Herewewerestoppedbysnowdriftsin the small forestedpatches along the crest, and here, too, the season was much too far advanced to find Dicentra. . Number 5 Aquilegia Page 9 w Field Trip Report Aiken Canyon: A Place of Beauty and Botanical Interest led by Alan Carpenter Report by Ron Abbott The sky may have been gray and gloomy sites, Chondrosumgracile,forinstance,are justsouthofColoradoSpringsonJune6th, warm-season speciesandwere stillmostly Alan Carpenterexplained thatThe Nature but the spirits of participants were bright in ^a less conspicuous vegetative growth Conservancy’s plans for management of during the CONPS field trip to Aiken phase. AikenCanyon,willexpressvariousaspects Canyon, oneofTheNature Conservancy’s oftheconservationphilosophypracticedby newest and largest preserves in Colorado AsoftenhappensonCONPSfieldtrips,our TNC. The preserve will eventually have a and perhaps the finest remaining example rapidtraverseofthecountrysidewasinitially developed trail system — an acknowledge- ofarelativelyundisturbedfoothillscanyon sacrificedtoanengrossing,meter-by-meter ment of man as part of nature, if only as along the FrontRange. Spanning the high identification ofplantspecies atthe site of visitor.Twoknowninfestationsofponderosa plains/lower montane ecotone, Aiken themoment. Consequently, we spentmost pine mistletoe will be isolated from Canyon includes vegetation types of our time in the scrub oak/open grass surrounding healthy trees by selective characterizedbyshortgrasses,Gambeloak, mosaic closer to the preserve’s southeast cutting, yet allowed to develop in orderto mountain-mahogany and coniferous trees. entrancewithonlyaquick-strikepenetration eventuallyprovidehabitat forprimaryand afterlunchoftheconiferousvegetationup- secondary tree cavity dwellers. Preserve Quercusgambelii is most prevalent at the canyon to the west. Short though our management strategies attempt to include preserve, its late-spring growth appearing westward trek was, itwas worth making if andencourage tliewidestpossiblerangeof especiallyverdantunderovercastskiesthe onlyto experiencethe dramaticallyabrupt natural processes in this unique canyon ^^aday of our visit. Alan Carpenter, TNC’s transition to amore montane setting. ecosystem.Oneormoregrassyareaswillbe Colorado land steward and our trip guide, selectively burned to quell invasion by explainedthattheextensiveGambeloakis juniperandincreasepopulationsofbigand responsible for an abundant megafauna at little bluestem, sand dropseed, and other Aiken canyon, notablymule deer, elk, and representativesofmid-andtail-grassrelict blackbear; thescatofallthreewas, infact, communities,tomaintaindiversityofplant found andidentifiedduring the dayby our community typesandrestoreaspeciesmix widely-versedleader.Wherewell-fed,large thoughttohaveprecededdomesticlivestock herbivoreslive,oneexpectsfelinepredators, grazing and fire suppression. and mountain lion footprints have been foundearlierthisyearwithin theboundsof Perhapsmostpromisingofallisthepotential the preserve. And in addition to large Once penetrated, tlie area revealed many for Aiken Canyon Preserve to serve as a mammals, the dense oak thickets support expected shrub and herbaceous species: keystone forpreservation overawide area numerousbirds,especiallytherufous^sided Oreobatus deliciosus, Physocarpus at the ecosystem level. IfTNC can secure towheewhosecallsaccompaniedourhiking monogynus, Jamesia americana, Rosa certain acreage surrounding the preserve, all day long. woodsii, Campanularotundifolia,Monarda tliecanyonwillthenfunctionasaconnecting fistulosa, etc. Found nestled among the corridor between BLM’s Beaver Creek While' undeniably important to animals, Boulderraspberryandninebarkbyourever- Wilderness Study Area to tlie westandthe scrub oak vegetation is rather uniform, enthusiastic Linda Senser, was a crenate- expanse of Fort Carson to tlie east, an offering fewopportunitiesfordiscovery to leavedshrubthatnoonepresentwasableto accomplishmenttliatwouldprotecttheentire curious botanists. Of greater interest are identify - maybesometliing unusual? [Dr. drainage. open, grassy areas within the scrub where WebersuggestsHolodiscustisapossibility.] tliegreaterspeciesdiversity includesafew Twonotableplantsencounteredatthis site Altogetlier,itisaprivilegetohaveexplored herbaceousplants. Thelespermafilifolium, were handsome representatives of species thisrelativelyundisturbedfootliillsregion, Erigeron flagellaris, Echinocereus near tlieir nortliemmost extensions along andIam certainthatwealllookforwardto viridiflorus, Aphyllon fasciculatum, theFrontRange:alargesaplingofwhitefir, the possibility of future visits, and to its Pensternon secundiflorus, and Castilleja Abiesconcolor,nearlyperfectlysymmetrical continued preservation under wise Integravirtuallycarpetedtlieseareas,while andalmostglisteningagainstabackground management. the marvelous sage fragrance ofArtemisia of darker green, and an equally attractive frigida perfumed the damp air - heady stand of fragrant shiny-leaved hoptree, stuff! The most common grasses at these Ptelea trifoliata. Page 10 Aquilegia Volume 16 New Information on a Florissant Fossil Plant Chapter News Sue Martin AddtoyourstoreofinformationonColorado Features of Florissantia flowers suggest Boulder Chapter plants this tidbit: there is a fossil plant theywereinsectorbirdpollinated, andthe known as Florissantial You probably can samara-like fruits probably were wind- December 8: Yampa River Preserve guess the origin ofthe name (and some of dispersed. Manchester describes three HollyRichter,fromtheCSURangeScience thefossils): theFlorissantfossilbeds. Ina species of Florissantia, of which the Department, will discuss her efforts to recentpaper, Dr. StevenManchesterofthe Colorado species is Florissantia speiriv, develop an ecological model for preserve Florida Museum of Natural History, fossils of this species also come from selection,design,andstewardshipplanning University of Rorida, explores details of Wyoming, Montana, and Oregon. He for one of the last relatively unregulated thisgenus. OnceplacedinthegenusPorana believesthegenus,knownonlyfromwestern tributaries in the ColoradoRiversystem. (Convolvulaceae), then in Holmskioldia NorthAmerica(centralColoradotosouthern (Verbenaceae), Florissantia, according to Alaska), was an important component of January 12: U.S. Forest ServiceReport Manchester’s research and interpretation, lakeside vegetation in volcanic areas. JoanFriedlander,CoordinatorforSensitive is an extinctgenus thathad features found Species in the Region 2 office of the U.S. today in the Tiliaceae, Bombacaceae, and To learn more about this interesting Forest Service, will report on Sensitive Sterculiaceae,familiesintheorderMalvales. Coloradofossilplant,visityourlibraryand Species and Ecosystem Management Tentatively,ManchesterplacesFlorissantia read Manchester’s article [American Initiatives in theRocky MountainRegion. intheSterculiaceae. (Here’satestforyou: JoumalofBotany79(9): 996-1008(1992)], do we have any members of this plant whichhasbeautifulphotographsofthefossils MonthlymeetingsareheldfromSeptember family in the floraofColorado today??) andanartist’sreconstructionoftheflower. through April on the 2nd Tuesday of the month at 7:15 p.m. in the Boulder Public Librarymeetingroom, 11thandArapahoe, unless otherwise noted. For information, callBetsyNeelyat443-8094orElaineHil] j at494-7873. Denver Chapter December 9; Colorado RiparianAreas Gwen Kittel, riparian ecologist with The NatureConservancy, willpresentherwork onclassificationandmodelingofColorado's riparian plant communities. Note: this combined November/December meeting will be held on the 2nd Wednesday of December in the Morrison Center at the DenverBotanic Gardens (DBG). January 27: Alpine Tundra Plants of Horseshoe Cirque BarbaraSiemswillpresentaprogramonthe alpinetundraplantsoftheHorseshoeCirique basinin theMosquitoRange. Whetheryou attendedthe fieldtripto HorseshoeCirque or not, you will enjoy this program! The meetingwillbeheldintheMorrisonCenter atDBG. Monthlymeetingsareheld fromSeptember through May on the4th Wednesdayofthe!^^ Goodyerarepens (rattlesnakeplantain) month at7:30p.m. atthe DenverBotanic Artist:CarolynCrawford Gardens,909YorkStreet,unlessotherwise noted. Forinformation, call Ron Abbottat 333-6151.

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12 Pages·1992·1.3 MB·English
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“...dedicated to the appreciation and conservation of the Coiorado native fiora” Volume 16 Numbers September/October 1992 Hoosier Ridge Research Natural Area in Jeopardy Nina Williams Establishmentofthe HoosierRidgeRNA glow. On themore xeric windblown ridges Colorado Natural Areas Program would protect an incredible wealth of and sites of early snowmelt, Kobresia botanical diversity, including several of myosuroidestakesroot. SalixglaucaandS. Colorado’s rarest alpine plants. The brachycarpa characterize the alpine scrub When word came from Washington in celebrationendedabruptly,however,when communities. Octoberof1991thatthedecisiontodesignate lessthan threemonthsafterpublicationof aResearchNaturalArea(RNA)atHoosier thedecision, U.S.ForestServiceChief,F. While these tundra communities are fairly Ridge had been made by the U.S. Forest DaleRobertson, withdrew the action. His common in thesouthernRockyMountains, Service, Colorado Natural Areas Program reason? Appeals from the mining theassemblageofrare,endemicanddisjunct staffandthebotanicalcommunitybeganto community. species found on Hoosier Ridge is unique. celebrate. After more than a decade of Saussarea weberi is known only from the work, Colorado could finally designate its StraddlingtheContinentalDivideincentral Hoosier Ridge area, Montana’s Belt forty-seventh state natural area in Colorado’sMosquitoRange,HoosierRidge Mountains, andtheBeartoothMountainsin cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service. haslongbeenknownforitsdiversityofrare northwesternWyoming;itsclosestrelative, plants and high quality examples of S. viscida var. yukonensis, occurs in Colorado alpineplantcommunities. Saskatchewan.Armeriascabrassp.sibirica is another extremely rare arctic disjunct, Deschampsia caespitosa Acomastylis foundagain inMongoliaandtheNorthwest rossii ssp. turbinata dominate the north- Territories.Ipomopsisglobularisisendemic facing mesic alpine meadows; the alpine to the Mosquito Range. Astragalus avenscreatestheautumntundra’sdeepred molybdenus, Braya humilis ssp. ventosa, - continuedonpage 4 Contents President's Report 2 Field Trip Report 9 Announcements 3 News From Florissant 10 Letters to the Editor 3 Chapter Activities 10 Winter-Spring Book Review 11 Workshops 6-7 For Your Library 11 Field Notes 8 Calendar 12 1 Page 2 Aquilegia Volume 16 President’s Report Carol Dawson If you were able to attend the Annual Natural Heritage Program, Tom Ranker, BoulderChapterpresident),RobUdall,Sally MeetingoftheColoradoNativePlantSociety Curator of the University of Colorado White (who will continue as conservation onOctober3'**, I’m sureyouwillagreethat Boulder Herbarium (COLO) at Boulder, committeechair), andJanetWingate. Your itwas one ofthe most successful meetings Velma Richards, Volunteer in the committment to tlie goals of the Colorado ever! Comments from attendees indicate HerbariumattheDenverBotanicGardens, NativePlantSocietyissincerelyappreciated. thattheprogramwasboth informativeand and Nina Williams, Botanist with the exciting. Tina Jones, who served as our ColoradoNatural Areas Program, 1991-92 vice president and program committee chair, deserves special thanks At the board of Directors meeting, the forherincredibleeffortincoordinatingthis following officers wereelected: conference. TamaraNaumannasvicepresident,Myma Steinkampastreasurer,andMarkGershman Aquilegia Iwouldliketowelcomethefollowingnew as secretary. BoardMembers: Mark Gershman, Wetlands and Wildlife Finally, Iwouldliketothankthefollowing Coordinator with the City of Boulder retiringBoardmembersfortheirhardwork is printed on Planning and Open Space Departments, during the last two years: Peter Henson, 100% recycled paper ChrisPague, CoordinatorfortheColorado Tina Jones, Betsy Neely (who is the new Schedule ofMembershipFees Officers Aquilegia President CarolDawson 722-6758 Life $250 Vice-President TamaraNaumann ...440-8933 Supporting $ 50 Secretary MarkGershman 443-9365 Organization $ 30 Treasurer MyrnaSteinkamp ...226-337 FamilyorDual $ 15 Individual $ 12 Board ofDirectors StudentorSenior $ 8 JeffDawson(93) Denver 722-6758 GaryFinstad(93) Denver 791-3790 Membership Renewal/Information Aquilegia ispublished sixtimes ayearbythe MarkGershman(94) Boulder 443-9365 ColoradoNativePlantSociety Thisnewsletter Pleasedirectallmembershipapplications,renewals BillJennings(93) Louisville 666-8348 iosthaevrasilwaibtlheatnoimnteemrebsetrisnnoaftitvhee.pSloanctise.tyCoanntdactto aailnnldcoatarhdeedrroifenstqsuhiecrhSioaecsnigreeetgsya'trsodmitanhigeltMihenegmvbSaoedcdrirseethsyist.poPtchlheeaaSiserecprederitsraoerncy,t TTChaormmiasrRPaaanNgkuaeeurm((9a94n4))n(93) ..LBBoyouuollnddseerr 447499024---845974313392 the Society forsubscription information. incareoftheSociety'smailingaddress. VelmaRichards(94) Englewood 794-5432 VickyTrammell(93) Littleton 795-5843 ArticlesfromAquilegiamay beusedbyother Newsletter Contributions NinaWilliams(94) GoldHill 443-8079 native plant societies or non-profit groups if fullycitedtoauthorandattributedtoAquilegia. Pleasedirectallcontributionstothenewsletter Chapter Presidents to: The Colorado Native Plant Society is a non- T94a0maQruainNnaSutmreaentn BDoeunlvdeerr-Metro BReotnsyAbNbeoetlty 434333--68105914 profitorganizationdedicatedtotheappreciation Boulder, CO 80303 FortCollins MikeScott 490-1788 andconservationoftheColoradonativeflora. Yamparika ReedKelley 878-4666 Moeunertmhbnueasrtiisavhsetispplaibnsotost,pheanpnrtdoofiasellscswoiimotpnhaoalsnedainntodefrepnsltoanni-nt DAepardilli1n5e,sJufnoer1n5,ewAsulgeutstter15m,aOtcetrioablesra1r5e,aFnedbDreucareymb1e5r, SanJuan CPoemgmgiytLtyeoens 626-5526 15. professional. Shortitemssuchasunusualinformationaboutaplant, Conservation SallyWhite 697-5439 Pleasejoin us inhelping toencourageinterest a little known botanical term, etc. are especially Editorial TamaraNaumann ...440-8933 in enjoying and protecting Colorado's native welcome. Camera-readylineartorotherillustrations Education GaryFinstad 791-3790 plants. The Society sponsors field trips, arealsosolicited. FieldTrips JeffDawson ;...722-6758 FieldStudies MaryEdwards 233-8133 workshops and other activities through local Please include author's name and address, although Hort/Restoration ....DorothyUdall 482-9826 chaptersandstatewide. ContacttheSociety,a items will be printed anonymously, if requested. Membership MyrnaSteinkamp ...226-3371 chapterrepresentative, orcommitteechairfor Articles submitted on disks (IBM or Mac) are Publicity JuliaCarlson ...752-2738 more information. appreciated.Pleaseindicatewordprocessingsoftware Workshops BillJennings 666-8348 andversion. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 3 ANNOUNCEMENTS W erecentlyreceivedasin.^1 butsignificant Chapters Getting Organized After the Summer Field Season... , contributionj^gjpe,iiewsil!|tter. Artist Jan North::.Bishop g=ent us a tfcawing of an TheBoulderChapterheldanorganizationalpotluckinOctober.Thefoodwasgreat Aqiiil^gia fip\^er topii#^ii®|^^pu know and the company was even better. New officers "volunteered." Betsy Neely is when youVe reachedthe endof article. president;ElaineHillisvicepresident;AnneMaleyandElaineSmitharerefreshment Heroi^piish coordinators; andLynnRiedelhandlespublicity. It's arealteam effort! youse||^ebai^^^3here/dur.i®sii(lent ConipilprWizard^Mai^G$ralmiaa*sc TheMetro-DenverChapterisup-and-nmning!RonAbbottwasre-electedpresident; Jan’sirpageinto^ecomputeandweshrunk Chris Hartung is vice president; Virginia Knowlton is secretary-treasurer. itdown so itloiofc^like this,,.,..... Congratulationsto the Metro-Denverteam! Thanks Jan' Weplan,to use alotofthese little col^bines. We'll look fornews from FortCollins, SanJuan, andYamparikanexttime! LETTERS to the EPITOR COLLECTING ETHICS fromthequestionofcollectingtruevoucher andlasting. Parkrangershavegoodreason Okay, maybegetting one’sintroduction to specimens (when appropriate and forpromoting astrongerethic. Colorado botany in Rocky Mountain necessary), they raised the concern of NationalParkisn’tthebestapproach.Butif gratuitous plucking and its effects. The Times have changed, thank goodness. it warped me for life, it also taught me “scientific” fraction of my brain quickly Collecting an armful ofwildflowers is no V respectfortheplantsandenvironmentswe pointedoutthatmostplantsaren’tseriously longer in vogue. Times have changed for '^a study. Twenty-odd years later, I still can’t damaged by such minor losses, but that’s botanists,too.We’renolongerdocumenting cross the tundra without tip-toeing. Our notthepoint.Evenifnolastingharmisdone an entirely new flora, as Nuttall, Grayand stateand localparks go to greatlengths to toaplant,aharmfulmessageissent: Those otherswere. We, too, havegoodreasonfor indoctrinatevisitorswith thesameethicas who know, and presumably appreciate promoting strongerethics. donationalparks:Takeonlypictures.Can plants best, find this practice acceptable weaffordadifferentstandardfortheSociety? beyond question - or even notice. Those I’m writing this inhopes ofcorrecting any whooughttobesettingthebestexamplefor role I may have played in giving a bad One reason for carefully evaluating our othersareinfactsettingtheworstexample, impression ofthe Society, because Iknow stance on this question is the fundamental andare undermining the goodresultspark thisisagoodgroupofpeople. Ihopethose difficultyofmmntainingadoublestandard. naturalistseverywherearetryingtoachieve. whoaredoingformalplantcollectionswill To do so, we must establish that we, as read and follow tlie Society’s Guidelines botanistsorSocietymembers,aresomehow Thenumberofpeopleoutonourdwindling (Vol. 16, No. 3, pages9-11) andtheirown different and more privileged than other natural lands hasbecome far too large for consciences. Ihopetherestofuswillthink people interested in plants, whether thecumulativeeffectsofminordamagesto more conscientiously about whether the wildflower lovers, herbalists, interior remain unnoticeable. Most folks perhaps casualsnippingwearedoing isthethingto decorators, or home gardeners, whose have good intentions but short attention do, whether we are willing to have others depredationsonlocalflorasweoftenlament. spans. We’ve all had the experience of witness us doing it—and whether we’d be Whenweareoutwithplantenthusiastswho finding wilted flowers discarded on the willingtohaveothers(especiallythosewith have absorbed park standards, their ethics trail. How is our thoughtless grazing any lessabilitytodistinguishrarefromcommon regarding casually pulling, picking, or different?Weneedtolearntorecognizeand plants) imitate ourbehavior. Read the line snipping plants or plant parts for more correctthedestructivesideofourinterestin onpageoneundertheSociety’slogoagain. convenientobservatioiifarexceedours-in plants. As members, we claim a special fact, they’re apt to be horrified at our responsibilitytoColorado’sflora.Weneed behavior. I’m reminded of the tum-of-the-century to cultivate betterfieldhabits. expeditionstowhatisnowRockyMountain I’mnotcomfortableinthefieldwithpeople National Park, and thefolkswhocollected Sally White whoarehorrifiedatmybehaviororthatof wildflowersliterallybythebusheltoadorn CONPS Conservation Committee my companions, and I was chagrined their dark Victorian parlors in Denver. A recently to have the discrepancy in our plantdoesn’tneedtoberareto succumbto ethical stance pointed out to me by sorne such treatment, and the effects ofhistoric folks with whom I was botanizing. Apart wildflowerpickingonparkecologyarereal s s s s s Page 4 AquHegia Volume 16 Sibbaldiaprbcumbens Hoosier Ridge, continuedfromfrontpage Artist:JanetWingate Draba borealis, D. porsildii, Papaver and status report Mining issuesform thebasisoftheappeals kluanense,Phippsiaalgida,andTownsendia recommended threatened resulting in the withdrawal of the Hoosier rothrockiiarerareplantsalsogrowinginthe status.Followingthisrecommendation,the Ridge RNA. Appellants accuse the Forest HoosierRidge area. U.S.FishandWildlifeServicepublishedits Serviceoffailing to assess thearea’s high intentiontohstEutremainOctoberof1990. mineral content and list the seven active The main source of controversy between Two years later, the fen mustard remains (patented) mining claims within the RNA the mining and conservation communities unlisted,placingtheServiceinviolationof boundaries. Thissummertheentirenatural is the endeniic Pleistocene relict, Eutrema theEndangeredSpeciesAct,whichrequires areawas found stakedin whatappeared to penlandii (syn. = Eutrema edwardsii ssp. a listing action on species within 365 days be mining claim patterns. penlandii). First collected in 1935 near following publication ofintent. Hoosier Pass by C. William T. Penland, Oneappealcitesthe 1991 AlmaAmerican Penland’salpinefenmustardisknownonly Factors influencing the decision to list MiningCorporationstudythatdocumented fromfourteen scatteredpopulationswithin Eutremaincludethe“highdegreeofhabitat anincreaseinthenumberofknownEutrema itsnarrowrange, approximately seventeen specificity”ofthespecies(evidencedbyits individualsfromapproximately6,000plants miles long and one mile wide, along the absence from seemingly suitable habitat to 16,000. Mr. Gregory Hahn, Vice- crest of the Mosquito Range. Numerous elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains), the PresidentofSt.Mary’sMineralsandauthor searches have failedto extendthe species’ fragile and critical hydrologic regime in oftlieappeal,concludesfromthis“evidence” range. Eutrema’ closestrelative, andonly which the species is found, and multiple that Eutrema does not warrant threatened otherNorthAmericanmemberofthegenus threats to the species’ habitat. status. Hahn fails to acknowledge that the isEutremaedwardsii,acircumborealspecies Almareportdidnotsignificantlyextendthe ofarctic North Americaand Siberia. Alpine ecosystems are extremely rangeofthediminutivemustard.JanetColes, susceptible toprolonged trampling and ColoradoNaturalAreasProgramecologist, Penland’seutremaisverynarrowlyrestricted disturbance. Annualburro races iswaryofusingannualpopulationnumbers to certain perennially saturated moss- ^ from Fairplay to Leadville to predict species status. “Viability ofthe covered peatlands above 12,000 feet. follow aroute over Mosquito species can not be judged accurately by Permanent snowfields provide the Passthrough apopulation of population number counts because of the continuous water source for substrate Eutrema. Off-road vehicle use widefluctuationofindividualsfromyearto saturation. Field reports from this summer is popularin this area. Proponents year,” she says. reveal a tendency for Eutrema to grow ofthe Colorado DivideTrail alongeutrophicwaters, oftenevidencedby (CDT) wantthe trail to bisect AppellantsalsoarguethattheForestService RNA filamentous blue-green algae. Additional thenatural area, which straddles established the for preservation of questionsremainunansweredabouttherole the Continental Divide. Routing rare plants, and not for research. They of geologic substrate, soil pH, and water the CDT on thedivide through quote the following federal regulations: quality in defining Eutrema’ distribution. the natural area was abandoned “Whenappropriate,theChiefshallestablish ^ U as asuitable alternative when aseriesofresearchnaturalareas^..toillustrate \jtr RNA establishmentappeared adequately or typify for research or Eutrema is tiny Rhodiolaintegrifolia imminent. Since ChiefRobertson’s educational purposes, the important forest Artist:JanetWingate and easily overlooked. withdrawal, however, rumors suggest and range types in each forest region, as It is a glabrous, tap-rooted perennial with tliatthe HoosierRidgeroute isback well as otherplant communities that have inflorescences sometimes reaching 7 on thedrawingtable. Natureherselfmight specialoruniquecharacteristicsofscientific centimeters in height. Its ovate to cordate, proveEutrema’ bestally; thissummerthe interestorimportance.”TheForestService long-petioled basal leaves range from 5 to Forest Service indicated that lightning- Manual, however, lists preservation of 10 millimeters in length, although moss related safety issuesmay force tlie trail off pristinerepresentativealpine habitats with sometimes obscures the petioles, giving the divide. uniqueattributesandpreservationofgenetic RNA them a false sessile appearance. Cauline diversity as valid objectives of leavesaresessileandnarrowlyoblong.The Eutrema’ worst enemy is tiie mining tliat establishment.Finally,theappellants object microscopicwhitepetalsmeasurelessthan madeLeadvilleandAlmafamous.Ditching to withdrawing the 695 acre parcel from 1 millimeter wide, 2-3.5 millimeter long associatedwitlimining activitiesalters the multiple use, a withdrawal that was . and the quadrangular siliques are strongly hydrology and can desiccate peat habitat. “entlmsiastically endorsed” by the Park ribbed. Rowering occurs in early to mid Acid run-off may alter tlie water quality County Commissioners in 1988. Unlike j July, and fruiting lasts through August. beyond tlie range of Eutrema’ tolerance. these appeals from mining interests, most Exotic species used in state-required conservation-based appeals of federal Eutrema penlandii was proposed for reclamation could presentanew source of actions are routinely denied, and rarely endangeredspeciesstatusin 1975and 1976. potentiallydetrimentalcompetition fortlie cause adecision to be rescinded. Itwasnotuntil 1988tliatadetailedinventory native flora. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 5 , Hoosier Ridge, continuedfrompage 4 Thefate ofHoosierRidgeremains unclearand I am certainlynotoptimistic. TheWhite Riverand Pike-San Isabel National Forestsjointlymanagetheareaandarereevaluating tlieRNAin lightoftherecentappeals. ABotanical SpecialManagementAreawouldbe a weak compromise, affording no protection from development. If proposed mining activitiesinvolvefillingwetlands,projectscouldbepostponedordeniedunderSection404 ofthe Clean Water Act. The U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers, Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.FishandWildlifeService, andU.S.ForestServicewouldallbeinvolvedin the decision-making. Listing Eutremapenlandii as threatened would provide the most protection foritshabitat,butwillnotdirectlyaffectotherrarespeciesandcommunities. NoalternativeactioncanduplicatethelevelofprotectionaffordedEutremaanditsfragile ecosystem.Researchopportunitiesintheuniqueandrichlydiversebotanicalhabitatfound on HoosierRidge couldbe forever lost. What You Can Do 1. WritetoRegionalForester, ElizabethEstill; expressyourconcernsoropinionsabout managementofHoosierRidge. Askhertocontinuetowork towarddesignationofthis outstandingResearchNaturalArea. EncourageplacementoftheContinentalDivide Trail outsidetheboundariesoftheproposedRNA. Suggestplacementofinterpretive signsneartheRNAboundaryto infonnhikersofitsimportantbotanical value, andof thefragilenature ofthehabitat. ElizabethEstill,RegionalForester U.S.D.A. ForestService RockyMountainRegionalOffice P.O. Box25127 Lakewood, Colorado 80225 2. Sendcopies ofyourlettertotheForestSupervisorsonthePike-San Isabel (south slope ofHoosierRidge)andWhiteRiver(northslope)NationalForests. ForestSupervisor ForestSupervisor Pike-SanIsabelNationalForest WhiteRiverNational Forest 1920 ValleyDrive P.O. Box 948 Pueblo, Colorado 81008 Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81602 Botanical Esoterica 3. Write to theRegional Directorofthe U.S. Fish andWildlife Servicerequesting or[ifctleknownfactsaboutplants... immediate action on theproposed listing ofEutremapenlandii as athreatened species. Did you know that wasabi Regional Director (Japanese horseradish) is U.S. Fish andWildlifeService actually a speaes of Eutrema . P.O. 25486 and thus related to one ofour DenverFederalCenter rarest native cruafers^ (See Denver, Colorado 80225 Nina \A/illiams' articleonpage1.) Think aboutthatthenexttime 4. Send acopy ofyourletterto the Colorado StateOffice Supervisor, U.S. Fish and you eat sushi! Wildlife Service. Supervisor, Colorado StateOffice U.S'. Fish andWildlife Service 730 Simms Street, Room292 Golden, Colorado 80401 Page 6 AquHegia Volume 16 & Workshops Winter 1992 Spring 1993 - The Colorado Native Plant Society workshop series was established in 1985 to COLORADO CONIFERS provide members with winter-time activities when field trips are impossible. CONPSmembershaveattendedmorethan79workshopsovertheyears.Workshops leader; Vickey Trammell bringnativeplantlovers togetherwithawell-informedinstructorwhomayhave location; Arapahoe Community College, photographs, herbarium specimens, live plants, or other materials for hands-on Littleton study.Theopportunitytoreceiveone-on-oneinstructionandinformativelectures, firstsession; Saturday, January 16, 1993 has made the workshop series one of the most popular Native Plant Society second session: Sunday, January 17, 1993 programs. Attendeesneednospecial skills orbackground; aloveofplants anda desire to learn are tlie only prerequisites. The goal is to demystify plant identification and to enhance in all of us our enjoyment and understanding of Isa Douglas-fir treeafirtree?Is SpruceTree Colorado'snative flora. House at Mesa Verde National Park named becauseofthesprucetreesgrowingthere?Are PleasemailyourregistrationtoBillJennings,P.O.Box952,Louisville,CO80027. there cedar trees in Colorado? Learning to Indicate the workshops for which you would like to register, and include your recognize thenativeconifertreesofColorado name, address, and telephone number. Phone registrations will alsobe accepted willbethesubjectofthisworkshop.Participants (666-8348). Registerpromptly, asworkshops tend to fill upquickly. The fee for will leani simple field characteristics of the eachfull-dayworkshopis$10forCONPSmembersand$22fornon-members($10 leaves (needles) and the cones to aid in tree fortheworkshop and$12tojointheSociety). Paymentismadeonthedayofthe identification. Interesting facts and stories of workshop. About two weeks prior to tlie workshop, registrants will receive the natural history ofnative conifertrees will information by mail about location, time, lunch, and suggested references or alsobediscussed. Thiswillbeahalf-dayclass materials tobring to the workshop. (10 a.m. - 2 p.m.) at Arapahoe Community CollegeinLittletonwithafieldtripafterward It takes considerable time and effort for the instructors to plan and develop to see tfees at Chatfield Arboretum, weather workshopsand field trips. Pleaselet usknow how you like the activitiesoffered permitting. by CONPS. We need your suggestions for future workshops and trips. We also appreciate feedback on whether you find them informative and exciting ordull and uninteresting. We'd like your opinion on how well we are serving you, our membership. MONTANE and SUBALPINE GRASSES Location; Foothills Nature Center, Boulder Ptilagrostisporteri Artist:SueGalatowitsch First Session: Saturday December 5, 1992 Leader; Dr. Alan Carpenter Second Session: Sunday, December 6, 1992 Leader; Dr. David Buckner Drs. CarpenterandBucknerwill take us tliroughtlie fascinating and confusing world ofthe grassesofthe mountains. Aftercovering tlie terminology necessary to study the grasses, tliey will distribute numerous specimens for us to dissect and identify. This will be an uniqueandrewardingworkshop,continuingourseriesonidentification of this important group. Every Colorado botanist should have a working knowledge ofthe grasses. Number 5 Aquilegia Page 7 CENTURY PLANTS (AGAVES) WEEDS COLORADO of of the SOUTHWEST Leader: Dr. Wendy Hodgson Leader: Dr. Richard Old Location: University ofColorado, Boulder Location: Univ. ofColorado, Boulder SFeircsotnsdessseisosni:onS:aStuunrddaayy,,FFeebbrruuaarryy67,, 11999933 SFeircsotndsessseisosni:onS:aStuunrddaayy,,FFeebbrruuaarryy2278,, 11999933 ANhopAazefeltltrttpiesuhvocbboenuuuultwgAsanehmhroseoCtfroilohifcolacewaosaegtrrntahasresvdaseaovuesneshsldaetalrdrseteidhtknmelitoieonhegnntsutaeshgtieupeicoldvcnraeeuonselstesdeesrptntieitntscneipotaeolhfasfetvnsohatDpersfe,iiSngenwoevteiunye-ttutrhohisfpwtMAphewugeesaadsttyvaelslceelu,a,asnmvtaaneannosold.fytk FsbasAireeaggsordgntinrihotefeuwistshcisReaciabnrvtodneeltigysapeanuldsiraitcbnesaatrtlUsnsurirtapzbblsraieaaotdwtnbieclotlirenlCi.moeo,wraTndranhitndeoduourotwtaarlge.ttreohvideecFmguonselealittnttlautuutorriaiawatoolilinnon,vnpgeersigacsuecaoctptnhaaiotrtcatihmesioosicnrcuionlhaauaradrgevnilhedeya DuNteaatnhuverenarslisHBioiststawonirinyct’esrGcahurardrredenyn’tisnAzCRtooelccokreaxd&hoibaAintl.dpihTnahesebGslaporedoceminee.sdAiSngoatmvheee NviCn^oidlxolicbtoeruisnianttWiroeondeuodcfed“LWithsota.ttheiBsisoapelWcoiegeeisdca?clu,r”raewnnotdrlyksiodhneonptthipefairCctoialctioiproaanndatlos DlNseeamdsatelibrlvyteerBDPorlst.apanenWtciieScenoascldiayGerateHryodsideusingptislanoebnalP,esheoacdesuntriohaxtop.ourrDesrseo.efnHptltoahtdneltgiishss.eowrnTobhrwaekirlsilhCufoomolpcoauttrsoatoldbinoee wRScthieaacetrhdeaacrptUdernroiiOvbsleltdriescmiissstoyaafllitwnleoiveePseduerlasltnpmhdeaecnaiW,aeflseiWtswat.sohatfihfneigrlstiaowtnie,ldlwwbiehtohdiWsccaounssshsuielndtg.stDoornn identificationofthefewerthantwodozenspeciesnativenorth loafctohmepMleexxigceannusb.orderandontheproblemsofspecieslimitsin lIencatudrdeitFiroindatyontihgeht,woFrekbsrhuoaprsy.26D,r.onOcludrrweinltlmpertehsoednotloagsipeescifaolr FDrr.idHayodegvesnoinngw,ilFlebrguiavreya5,sppeocsisailbllyecitnurceonojnunccetnitounrwyitphlatnhtes dvcieorsmttpuiuanlteledyrtailozlerbdeopitldaaencnietciatflliicemaadtniiuocnahloosft.polmaonutss,kaetyeschcunrorleongtylythiantsuseeemisn AmericanRockGardenSocietyandtheCactusandSucculent Society, ASTRAGALI of the COLORADO FRONT RANGE Leader: Loraine Yeatts Location: LookoutMountainNature Center, Golden (tentative) Saturday, March 20, 1993 The milkvetches (genusAstragalus) comprise a very large group ofplants in alarge family (Fabaceae). WiUi such a large numberofspecies, many ofwhich are differentiated on technical characteristics, idenUficatibn can be daunUng fordie wildflowerlover. Many ofthese species are showyandattract attention at roadside in the spring and summer. Loraine Yeatts has agreed to tackle the FrontRange species and will present her observations in tliis workshop. You will learn tlie importantparts oftlie pea family flower and how to key tlie FrontRange species. Astragalusshortianus Artist:AnnCooper Page 8 AquHegia Volume 16 NOTES FIELP William A. Weber and Ronald C. Wittman University of Colorado Herbarium Dicentra uniflora: InAquHegia 15, No. 2, When we reported our bad luck to Mr. Monument, where access to the high p. 11, Michael L. Peterson, a retired Soil Peterson,hetoldusthatthe 1974-75winter sagebrush meadowsmightbe abitearlier. Conservation Service employee, reported wasoneofthewettestsnowwintersthatthe finding and photographing this species in Soil Conservation Service has ever Learning about the behavior of Dicentra Garfield,Mesa,andRioBlancocounties.In measured. Therefore, tlie season had to uniflora raises our hopes of finding correspondence with Mr. Peterson we havebeen greatlydelayed. Whenhefound Hesperochironpurnilum(Hydrophyllaceae) learned that he saw the plant at three Dicentra,theearly-floweringPhloxhoodii, in similar sites. This little, extremely early localities: GARFIELD CO.: West Divide Hydrophyllum capitatum, and Pulsatilla springflowerhasafewoblongbasalleaves Creekdrainage, offroadtoUncleBobMt., were already almost finished blooming. If and a single waxy white flower about an before USFS boundary, T7S R91W S32, wewanttofindDicentraweneedtogetup inch in diameter, the whole plant hardly Gibson Gulch Quad., 7 May 1975; under intothemountainsagebrushjustassoonas getting more than a centimeter above the sagebrush,gravellysurface,insoilsderived tliesnowleaves,andlookbeneatlisheltering ground. Thecollectorwasanonymous, but from aeolian loess mixed with basaltic sagebrush plants. This means abandoning thelocalityisknown: MontezumaNational stones, slope 12-15%; plants 5 cm tall. vehicles tliat can’t mitke it through tlie Forest; MilkRanch, 7,000 ft. alt., 28 April GARFIELDCO.: NorthwestCreekareaon greasy mud, and going on foot as far as 1914,associatedwitlisagebrushandweeds, NavalOilShaleReserveonBLMproperty, necessary. westslope, dry soil. I saw this specimen in 15SR94WS7,AnvilPointsandRioBianco the Forest Service Range Management Quads, (access is shown on Anvil Points I would urge Western Slope CONPS Herbarium. In 1955 I was able to find tlie Quad.), E-facing slope 6%, soilsdeep silty memberstoestablishthisplantasapriority, localityoftheso-calledMilkRanch.Itwas loess, 16May 1975.MESACO.:T8SR91W foruntilwehave voucherspecimensin tlie in Montezuma County, on House Creek, S20, Flatiron Mountain Quad., S-facing herbariumtlierecordwillremainunofficial, T38N R15W S28. Like Dicentra, the slope, 10%,in sagebrush; soilsloesswitha despitetliecolorphotograph.Sincetliisisa Hesperochiron grows in the same places, few gravels, over basalt, some Mahonia speciestliatis common in thearid areasof blossoms atthe same time, anddisappears nearby,15May1975.Mr.Petersonfurnished the Pacific Nortliwest, east ofthe Cascade verysoonafterblooming.Thesetwoplants theherbariumwithasplendidcolorprintof Range, itislikely thatwe shouldfinditon shouldbesoughtafterbyourWesternSlope the plant. the plateaus of Dinosaur National members. Ron Wittmann and I visited the first two localities on 9-11 May 1992 in hopes of finding and collecting voucher herbarium specimens. The Uncle Bob locality is accessiblebydrivingtheDryHollowRoad south from Silt. We found the road heavy going with deep mud and had to walk the last few miles, but although this date was closetotheanniversaryofthefirstdiscovery, we foundnoplants. In fact, theseason was very far along and such an early bloomer surely had withered and disappeared. One ofthefine surprises was forus to seegreat stands of Pedicularis centranthera everywhereunderthepinonandjuniper.The AnvilPointslocalitywasreachedbywayof theCowCreekroadoutofPiceanceCreek. Herewewerestoppedbysnowdriftsin the small forestedpatches along the crest, and here, too, the season was much too far advanced to find Dicentra. . Number 5 Aquilegia Page 9 w Field Trip Report Aiken Canyon: A Place of Beauty and Botanical Interest led by Alan Carpenter Report by Ron Abbott The sky may have been gray and gloomy sites, Chondrosumgracile,forinstance,are justsouthofColoradoSpringsonJune6th, warm-season speciesandwere stillmostly Alan Carpenterexplained thatThe Nature but the spirits of participants were bright in ^a less conspicuous vegetative growth Conservancy’s plans for management of during the CONPS field trip to Aiken phase. AikenCanyon,willexpressvariousaspects Canyon, oneofTheNature Conservancy’s oftheconservationphilosophypracticedby newest and largest preserves in Colorado AsoftenhappensonCONPSfieldtrips,our TNC. The preserve will eventually have a and perhaps the finest remaining example rapidtraverseofthecountrysidewasinitially developed trail system — an acknowledge- ofarelativelyundisturbedfoothillscanyon sacrificedtoanengrossing,meter-by-meter ment of man as part of nature, if only as along the FrontRange. Spanning the high identification ofplantspecies atthe site of visitor.Twoknowninfestationsofponderosa plains/lower montane ecotone, Aiken themoment. Consequently, we spentmost pine mistletoe will be isolated from Canyon includes vegetation types of our time in the scrub oak/open grass surrounding healthy trees by selective characterizedbyshortgrasses,Gambeloak, mosaic closer to the preserve’s southeast cutting, yet allowed to develop in orderto mountain-mahogany and coniferous trees. entrancewithonlyaquick-strikepenetration eventuallyprovidehabitat forprimaryand afterlunchoftheconiferousvegetationup- secondary tree cavity dwellers. Preserve Quercusgambelii is most prevalent at the canyon to the west. Short though our management strategies attempt to include preserve, its late-spring growth appearing westward trek was, itwas worth making if andencourage tliewidestpossiblerangeof especiallyverdantunderovercastskiesthe onlyto experiencethe dramaticallyabrupt natural processes in this unique canyon ^^aday of our visit. Alan Carpenter, TNC’s transition to amore montane setting. ecosystem.Oneormoregrassyareaswillbe Colorado land steward and our trip guide, selectively burned to quell invasion by explainedthattheextensiveGambeloakis juniperandincreasepopulationsofbigand responsible for an abundant megafauna at little bluestem, sand dropseed, and other Aiken canyon, notablymule deer, elk, and representativesofmid-andtail-grassrelict blackbear; thescatofallthreewas, infact, communities,tomaintaindiversityofplant found andidentifiedduring the dayby our community typesandrestoreaspeciesmix widely-versedleader.Wherewell-fed,large thoughttohaveprecededdomesticlivestock herbivoreslive,oneexpectsfelinepredators, grazing and fire suppression. and mountain lion footprints have been foundearlierthisyearwithin theboundsof Perhapsmostpromisingofallisthepotential the preserve. And in addition to large Once penetrated, tlie area revealed many for Aiken Canyon Preserve to serve as a mammals, the dense oak thickets support expected shrub and herbaceous species: keystone forpreservation overawide area numerousbirds,especiallytherufous^sided Oreobatus deliciosus, Physocarpus at the ecosystem level. IfTNC can secure towheewhosecallsaccompaniedourhiking monogynus, Jamesia americana, Rosa certain acreage surrounding the preserve, all day long. woodsii, Campanularotundifolia,Monarda tliecanyonwillthenfunctionasaconnecting fistulosa, etc. Found nestled among the corridor between BLM’s Beaver Creek While' undeniably important to animals, Boulderraspberryandninebarkbyourever- Wilderness Study Area to tlie westandthe scrub oak vegetation is rather uniform, enthusiastic Linda Senser, was a crenate- expanse of Fort Carson to tlie east, an offering fewopportunitiesfordiscovery to leavedshrubthatnoonepresentwasableto accomplishmenttliatwouldprotecttheentire curious botanists. Of greater interest are identify - maybesometliing unusual? [Dr. drainage. open, grassy areas within the scrub where WebersuggestsHolodiscustisapossibility.] tliegreaterspeciesdiversity includesafew Twonotableplantsencounteredatthis site Altogetlier,itisaprivilegetohaveexplored herbaceousplants. Thelespermafilifolium, were handsome representatives of species thisrelativelyundisturbedfootliillsregion, Erigeron flagellaris, Echinocereus near tlieir nortliemmost extensions along andIam certainthatwealllookforwardto viridiflorus, Aphyllon fasciculatum, theFrontRange:alargesaplingofwhitefir, the possibility of future visits, and to its Pensternon secundiflorus, and Castilleja Abiesconcolor,nearlyperfectlysymmetrical continued preservation under wise Integravirtuallycarpetedtlieseareas,while andalmostglisteningagainstabackground management. the marvelous sage fragrance ofArtemisia of darker green, and an equally attractive frigida perfumed the damp air - heady stand of fragrant shiny-leaved hoptree, stuff! The most common grasses at these Ptelea trifoliata. Page 10 Aquilegia Volume 16 New Information on a Florissant Fossil Plant Chapter News Sue Martin AddtoyourstoreofinformationonColorado Features of Florissantia flowers suggest Boulder Chapter plants this tidbit: there is a fossil plant theywereinsectorbirdpollinated, andthe known as Florissantial You probably can samara-like fruits probably were wind- December 8: Yampa River Preserve guess the origin ofthe name (and some of dispersed. Manchester describes three HollyRichter,fromtheCSURangeScience thefossils): theFlorissantfossilbeds. Ina species of Florissantia, of which the Department, will discuss her efforts to recentpaper, Dr. StevenManchesterofthe Colorado species is Florissantia speiriv, develop an ecological model for preserve Florida Museum of Natural History, fossils of this species also come from selection,design,andstewardshipplanning University of Rorida, explores details of Wyoming, Montana, and Oregon. He for one of the last relatively unregulated thisgenus. OnceplacedinthegenusPorana believesthegenus,knownonlyfromwestern tributaries in the ColoradoRiversystem. (Convolvulaceae), then in Holmskioldia NorthAmerica(centralColoradotosouthern (Verbenaceae), Florissantia, according to Alaska), was an important component of January 12: U.S. Forest ServiceReport Manchester’s research and interpretation, lakeside vegetation in volcanic areas. JoanFriedlander,CoordinatorforSensitive is an extinctgenus thathad features found Species in the Region 2 office of the U.S. today in the Tiliaceae, Bombacaceae, and To learn more about this interesting Forest Service, will report on Sensitive Sterculiaceae,familiesintheorderMalvales. Coloradofossilplant,visityourlibraryand Species and Ecosystem Management Tentatively,ManchesterplacesFlorissantia read Manchester’s article [American Initiatives in theRocky MountainRegion. intheSterculiaceae. (Here’satestforyou: JoumalofBotany79(9): 996-1008(1992)], do we have any members of this plant whichhasbeautifulphotographsofthefossils MonthlymeetingsareheldfromSeptember family in the floraofColorado today??) andanartist’sreconstructionoftheflower. through April on the 2nd Tuesday of the month at 7:15 p.m. in the Boulder Public Librarymeetingroom, 11thandArapahoe, unless otherwise noted. For information, callBetsyNeelyat443-8094orElaineHil] j at494-7873. Denver Chapter December 9; Colorado RiparianAreas Gwen Kittel, riparian ecologist with The NatureConservancy, willpresentherwork onclassificationandmodelingofColorado's riparian plant communities. Note: this combined November/December meeting will be held on the 2nd Wednesday of December in the Morrison Center at the DenverBotanic Gardens (DBG). January 27: Alpine Tundra Plants of Horseshoe Cirque BarbaraSiemswillpresentaprogramonthe alpinetundraplantsoftheHorseshoeCirique basinin theMosquitoRange. Whetheryou attendedthe fieldtripto HorseshoeCirque or not, you will enjoy this program! The meetingwillbeheldintheMorrisonCenter atDBG. Monthlymeetingsareheld fromSeptember through May on the4th Wednesdayofthe!^^ Goodyerarepens (rattlesnakeplantain) month at7:30p.m. atthe DenverBotanic Artist:CarolynCrawford Gardens,909YorkStreet,unlessotherwise noted. Forinformation, call Ron Abbottat 333-6151.

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