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Aquatic Invertebrates of Alberta PDF

551 Pages·1991·38.45 MB·English
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Aquatic Invertebrates of Alberta This page intentionally left blank An Illustrated Guide Aquatic Invertebrates of Alberta Hugh F. Clifford OOA The University of Alberta Press First published by The University of Alberta Press Athabasca Hall Edmonton, Alberta Canada T6G 2E8 Copyright © The University of Alberta Press 1991 ISBN 0-88864-233-4 cloth 0-88864-234-2 paper Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Clifford, Hugh F. Aquatic invertebrates of Alberta Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-88864-223-4 (bound)— ISBN 0-88864-234-2 (pbk.) 1. Aquatic invertebrate—Alberta—identification. I. Title. QL221.A4C45 1991 592.097123 C91-091241-6 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Typesetting by Printing Services, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. Printed on acid-free paper. °° Printed by D.W. Friesen & Sons, Altona, Manitoba, Canada To Joan, Marie and John This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowlegements xi 1. Introduction 1 2. Methods 6 • Nonarthropoda 3. Porifera Sponges 17 4. Hydrozoa Hydras 24 5. Microturbellaria Microflatworms 29 6. Tricladida Planarians 32 7. Nematoda Roundworms 36 8. Nematomorpha Horsehair Worms 38 9. Gastrotricha 42 10. Rotifera Wheel Animals 44 11. Bryozoa Moss Animals 55 12. Oligochaeta Aquatic Earthworms 60 1 3. Hirudinea Leeches 70 14. Gastropoda Snails 86 15. Pelecypoda Clams 101 16. Tardigrada Water Bears 112 O Arthropoda 1 7. Arthropoda: Introduction and Key to Major Taxa 117 vii Arachnida 18. Hydrachnidia Water Mites 123 19. Araneae Water Spiders 1 34 Crustacea 20. Introduction to Crustacea 137 21. Anostraca Fairy Shrimp 140 22. Notostraca Tadpole Shrimp 144 23. Conchostraca Clam Shrimp 146 24. Cladocera Water Fleas 149 25. Copepoda 160 26. Branchiura Fish Lice 167 27. Ostracoda Seed Shrimp 168 28. Introduction to the Malacostraca 173 29. Amphipoda Scuds 1 76 30. Malacostraca Other Than Amphipoda 1 79 Insecta 31. Insecta: Introduction and Major Taxa 185 32. Collembola Springtails 188 33. Ephemeroptera Mayflies 191 34. Odonata Dragonflies and Damselflies 220 35. Plecoptera Stoneflies 246 36. Hemiptera True Bugs 274 37. Megaloptera: Sialidae Fishflies 303 38. Neuroptera: Sisyridae Spongilla-flies 307 39. Lepidoptera Aquatic Moths 310 40. Trichoptera Caddisflies 314 viii 41. Coleoptera Beetles 353 42. Diptera True Flies 391 Glossary 449 Addresses 461 References Cited 463 Survey of References to Alberta's Freshwater Invertebrates 479 Index 525 IX

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