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Water Management and Technology R E I S N E R PRAD E E P Aquananotechnology G L O B A L P R O S P E C T S Aquananotechnology "Aquananotechnology: Global Prospects provides a comprehensive roadmap for emerging technologies for the water industry. From access to water to repair of the water infrastructure, this is an encyclopedia of how to solve our worldwide water problems. It is a must read for water technologists." —Vincent Caprio, Founder & Executive Director, Water Innovations Alliance A Foundation, Shelton, CT, USA q "Governments, as well as businesses in sectors as diverse as agriculture, power G L O B A L P R O S P E C T S generation, and manufacturing, know that water is central to their economic u activities. Aquananotechnology: Global Prospects highlights water technologies G a that continue to push the boundaries of material science and innovation to reach L new breakthroughs of cost and performance—vital for sustainable economic n O growth and profitability." Ba —Snehal Desai, Global Business Director, Dow Water & Process Solutions, Edina, MN, USA An L "With water quality and scarcity destined to be enduring global megatrends for o the next century, Aquananotechnology depicts an impressive array of break- through approaches to water treatment. The topics span from innovations in Pt ridding drinking water of trace contaminants, to cutting-edge technologies to R e solve the newest water challenges, such as those posed by fracking and the O treatment of ballast water on cargo ships." c S —Deane Dray, Water Investment Analyst and Advisor to the United Nations, h New York, NY, USA P n E "The world needs diverse solutions to our pressing water scarcity and quality challenges. This book showcases a refreshing variety of forward-thinking Co approaches through a distinctly global perspective. I recommend this as a T must read for experienced practitioners and newcomers alike." l S —Phil Rolchigo, Vice President of Technology, Pentair, Minneapolis, MN, USA o Cover photo: Mantis shrimp rapidly unfold and swing raptorial claws at prey, with an g acceleration of 10,400 g and speeds of 23 m/sec, capable of inflicting serious damage by generating cavitation bubbles between appendage and striking surface. The collapse of y cavitation bubbles in the nanoscale regime causes deadly shock wave and sonolumines- cence and is the basis for SPCC process (Diego et al., Chapter 6). E D I T E D B Y D A V I D E. R E I S N E R (cid:127) T. P R A D E E P K14884 Aquananotechnology G L O B A L P R O S P E C T S Aquananotechnology G L O B A L P R O S P E C T S E D I T E D B Y D A V I D E. R E I S N E R • T. P R A D E E P Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140716 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-1225-2 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword .........................................................................................................................................ix Preface ..............................................................................................................................................xi Editors .............................................................................................................................................xv Contributors ................................................................................................................................xvii Dedication ...................................................................................................................................xxv 1. Bimodal UV-Assisted Nano-TiO Catalyst—Crumb Rubber Device for 2 Treatment of Contaminated Water ......................................................................................1 Zaki Ahmad, Robina Farooq, Asad Ullah Khan, Natasha Hussain, and Ahmed Shafique 2. Hierarchical Carbon and Hydrogels for Sensing, Remediation in Drinking Water, and Aquaculture Drug Delivery ...........................................................................15 Cesar A. Barbero, Rusbel Coneo Rodriguez, Rebeca Rivero, María V. Martinez, María A. Molina, Juan Balach, Mariano M. Bruno, Gabriel A. Planes, Diego F. Acevedo, Claudia R. Rivarola, and María Cristina Miras 3. Use of Nanomaterials in Water Remediation by a Subcritical Water Process .........55 Guy Baret 4. Reduction of Priority Pollutants by Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron in Subsurface Environments ........................................................................................................................63 Chun-Chi Lee, Hsing-Lung Lien, Shan-Chee Wu, Ruey-An Doong, and Chih-Cheng Chao 5. Nanotoxicity: Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems .......................................................97 Ashutosh Kumar, Rishi Shanker, and Alok Dhawan 6. SonoPhotoCatalytic Cavitation (SPCC) in Water Treatment .....................................107 Tony F. Diego, Curt Hallberg, and Maria Jose Lopez Tendero 7. Bilge and Ballast Water Treatment Using Nanotechnology ......................................127 Paul L. Edmiston 8. Nanoengineered Organosilica Materials for the Treatment of Produced Water ....145 Paul L. Edmiston, Stephen Jolly, and Stephen Spoonamore 9. Arsenic Removal Metrics That Commercialized the Drinking Water Market .....165 Lisa M. Farmen 10. Commercialization of Nano from Water Sensors to Membranes .............................181 Brent Giles 11. Nano-Photocatalytic Materials for Environmental Applications ............................193 Hui Zhang and Liang-Hong Guo v vi Contents 12. Engineered Polymers and Organic–Inorganic Hybrids as Antimicrobial Materials for Water Disinfection ....................................................................................217 Divakara S.S.M. Uppu, Jiaul Hoque, and Jayanta Haldar 13. Key Water Treatment Technologies and Their Use by Several Industrial Segments and Future Potential for Nanotechnology ..................................................243 Mike Henley 14. Iron-Based Magnetic Nanomaterials in Wastewater Treatment ...............................265 Zongshan Zhao, Jing Lan, Guoliang Li, and Guibin Jiang 15. Sustainable Clean Water: Closing the Cycle .................................................................293 Satish Vasu Kailas and Monto Mani 16. Thin Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes .........................................305 Christopher J. Kurth and Bob Burk 17. Technological Developments in Water Defluoridation ..............................................317 Nitin K. Labhsetwar, S. Jagtap Lunge, Amit K. Bansiwal, Pawan K. Labhasetwar, Sadhana S. Rayalu, and Satish R. Wate 18. Nanotechnology Tunneling in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): Nano Zerovalent Iron for Underground Water Remediation ....................................357 Ali Marjowy and Rasool Lesan-Khosh 19. Engineered Nanoscale Materials for Defluoridation of Groundwater ...................377 Shihabudheen M. Maliyekkal 20. Advances in Nanostructured Polymers and Membranes for Removal of Heavy Metals in Water ......................................................................................................399 Bhekie B. Mamba, Titus A.M. Msagati, J. Catherine Ngila, Stephen Musyoka, Derrick Dlamini, and Sabelo D. Mhlanga 21. Point-of-Drinking Water Purification Innovation: The Water Initiative ................419 Eugene A. Fitzgerald, Thomas A. Langdo, Kevin M. McGovern, and Rick Renjilian 22. WaterHealth International: Decentralized Systems Provide Sustainable Drinking Water ...................................................................................................................433 Mahendra K. Misra and Sanjay Bhatnagar 23. Electrospun Nanofibers in Water Purification .............................................................451 Sajini Vadukumpully, Shantikumar V. Nair, and A. Sreekumaran Nair 24. Light-Activated Nanotechnology for Drinking Water Purification .........................467 Mark D. Owen and Tom Hawkins Contents vii 25. Modified TiO -Based Photocatalytic Systems for the Removal of Emerging 2 Contaminants from Water ................................................................................................479 Ligy Philip, Arya Vijayanandan, and Jaganathan Senthilnathan 26. Noble Metal Nanosystems for Drinking Water Purification: From Nanoparticles to Clusters ..................................................................................................511 Thalappil Pradeep and Megalamane Siddaramappa Bootharaju 27. Water Desalination: Emerging and Existing Technologies .......................................533 Shaurya Prakash, Mark A. Shannon, and Karen Bellman 28. Challenges and Opportunities for Nanotechnology in the Energy–Water Nexus ...............................................................................................................................563 Shaurya Prakash and Karen Bellman 29. Nanotechnology in Passive Atmospheric Water Capture ..........................................587 Carlos Ángel Sánchez Recio, Zaki Ahmad, and Tony F. Diego 30. Evaluation of a Zinc Clinoptilolite (ZZ®) for Drinking Water Treatment ..............601 Gerardo Rodríguez-Fuentes, Inocente Rodríguez Iznaga, Aurelio Boza, Anaisa Pérez, Bárbara Cedré, Laura Bravo-Fariñas, Aniran Ruiz, Anabel Fernández- Abreu, and Víctor Sende Odoardo 31. Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Using Nanotechnology ..................................627 J. Richard Schorr, Suvankar Sengupta, Rao Revur, Richard Helferich, and Steve Safferman 32. Nanomaterials Persuasive in Long History of Pursuing Perchlorates ....................647 Suvankar Sengupta, J. Richard Schorr, Rao Revur, Tianmin Xie, and David E. Reisner 33. Stormwater Runoff Treatment Using Bioswales Augmented with Advanced Nanoengineered Materials ...............................................................................................661 Hanbae Yang and Stephen Spoonamore 34. Graphene: Applications in Environmental Remediation and Sensing ...................681 Theruvakkattil Sreenivasan Sreeprasad 35. Quantitative High Throughput Assay for Detection of Biologically Active Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Water ...................................................................723 Diana A. Stavreva, Lyuba Varticovski, and Gordon L. Hager 36. Novel Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents for Water Purification ..................................737 Nishith Verma and Ashutosh Sharma viii Contents 37. Engineered Nanomaterials for Landfill Leachate Treatment in the Humid Tropics: The Sri Lankan Perspective ..............................................................................759 Meththika Vithanage, S.S.R.M.D.H.R. Wijesekara, I.P.L. Jayarathna, Anuradha Prakash, Seema Sharma, and Ashok Kumar Ghosh 38. Al Cluster Nanoflocculants for Remediation of Dissolved Organic 13 Compounds and Colloidal Particles in Water ..............................................................777 Dongsheng Wang, Hongxiao Tang, and Jiuhui Qu 39. GE Water Provides Portfolio of Nanotech Membrane-Based Solutions .................787 Ralph Exton