Aquaculture. Teacher Edition.

860 Pages·2007·12.29 MB·English

DOCUMENT RESUME
ED 327 657
CE 056 667
AUTHOR
Walker, Susan S.
TITLE
Aquaculture. Teacher Edition.
INSTTJTON
Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium,
Stillwater, Okla.
PUB DATE
90
NOTE
876p.
AVAILABLr FROM
Mid-America 7ocational Curriculum Consortium, 1500
West Seventh Avenue, Stillwater, OK 74074 (order no.
CN601501: $38.50).
PUB TYPE
Guides - Classroom Use
Guides (For Teachers) (052)
EDRS PRICE
MF06 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS.
DESCRIPTORS
*Agricultural Production; Behavioral Objectives;
Business Administration; *Equipment; *Fisheries;
Learning Activities; Lesson Plans; Marine Biology;
Postsecondary Education; Secondary Education;
Teaching Methods; Test Items; Units of Study; *Water
Quality
IDENTIFIERS
*Aquaculture
ABSTRACT
This color-coded guide was developed to assist
teachers in helping interested students plan, build, stock, and run
aquaculture facilities of varied sizes. The guide contains 15
instructional units, each of which includes some or all of the
following basic components: objective sheet, suggested activities for
the teacher, instructor supplements, transparency masters,
information sheet, assignment sheets, assignment sheet answers, job
sheets, practical tests, written test, and answers to written test.
Units cover the following topics: introduction to aquaculture; the
aquatic environment; fundamental fish biology; marketing; site
selection; facility design and layout; water quality management; fish
health management; commercial catfish production; commercial trout
production; commercial baitfish production; commercial crayfish
production; other commercial species; harvesting and hauling; and
business management. All of the units focus on measurable and
observable learning outcomes. They are designed for use in more than
one lesson or class period of instruction. (KC)
*******x*******X******************************X************************
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
from the original document.
s****************ssicssicssssssssicssicssicssicssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
414.
"okairt
Amon
4,4,4:1s
0,4
4
'44
""
4
4.4
`
,,
4'4
41
-'''
(4-
A
".(44
1;
!.,t
lc,,t't
',:!': ',''
tnottitttA-.,.., .
24.4,t
North Dakota
South Dakota
3
AQUACULTURE
Written by
Susan S. Walker
Edited by
Dan Fulkerson
Developed by
-
The Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium, Inc.
Board of Directors
Ann Masters, Nebraska, Chairman
Sylvia Clark, Texas, Vice-Chairman
Donna Brookhart, Colorado, Parliamentarian
Bruce Simpson, Arkansas
Janet Huss, Iowa
Carol Fagan, Kansas
David Poston, Louisiana
Harley Schlichting, Missouri
Ron Mehrer, North Dakota
Ann Benson, Oklahoma
Larry Nelson, South Dakota
Jim Steward, Executive Director
90-007289
4
CN601501
el
©1990 by the Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in
any form or by any means without written permission from the
publisher.
Printed in the United States of American by the
Oklahoma State Department of Vocational-Technical Education
Stillwater, OK 74074
Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium, Inc.
1500 West Seventh
Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074-4364
o
5
ii
\
1
AQUACULTURE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Unit
I:
Introduction to Aquaculture
1
Unit
II:
The Aquatic Environment
39
Unit
III:
Fundamental Fish Biology
109
Unit
IV:
Marketing
157
Unit
V:
Site Selection
199
Unit
VI:
Facility Design and Layout
241
Unit
VII:
Water Quality Management
323
Unit
VIII:
Fish Health Management
411
Unit
IX:
Commercial Catfish Production
513
Unit
X:
Commercial Trout Production
581
Unit
XI:
Commercial Baitfish Production
635
Unit
XII:
Commercial Crayfish Production
703
Unit
XIII:
Other Commercial Species
747
Unit
XIV:
Harvesting and Hauling
781
Unit
XV:
Business Management
861
6
iii
FOREWORD
Because American agriculture is increasingly subject
to unstable markets and inroads from
foreign competition, alternatives to agriculture
are emerging to help the American farmer
find new products and markets.
Aquaculture is one of the exciting alternatives that
promises economic rewards to those who take the time
to plan and develop a fish farm
or any other aquaculture project properly.
That's what MAVCC's Aquaculture has
as an
ultimate objective:
to help interested students plan, build, stock and
run aquaculture
of varied
facilities
sizes.
Aquaculture projects require planning and
management
comparable to any other commercial endeavor. Much of the
material in our text addresses
the down-to-earth activities of selecting
a site, evaluating soil types, selecting equipment,
planning a facility, and managing water quality
to promote good health and growth.
Aquaculture is a good-sized text, almost bigger than
a bread basket, but with the bigness
comes a comprehensive text from which instructors and students
may select materials that
can be put to work locally.
As is typical with MAVCC's competency-based format,
Aquaculture is chock full of hands-
on assignment and job sheets that explain to students how to
get things done. We think
you'll enjoy the textwe feel that
everyone will profit from it.
Ann Masters, Chairman
Jim Steward
Board of Directors
Executive Director
Mid-Amefica Vocational
Mid-America Vocatiorrl
Curriculum Consortium
Curriculum Consortium
7
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Resource Committee which planned and approved materials for Aquaculture
was
professional in every sense of the word.
Some committee members farm fish; other
committee members are involved in the teaching and experimentation
that helps others
farm fish more profitably.
Their collective knowledge is evident in each unit of the text.
To the Resource Committee goes a thank you to
every member:
Bill Binnian,
President/General Manager, Mount Blanca Game Bird and Trout, Inc.,
Blanca, Colorado.
Glen Gebhart, Langston University Agricultui al Research and Extension
Department,
Langston, University, Langston, Oklahoma.
Jim Gleim, Hatchery Biologist, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission,
North Platte
Hatchery, North Platte, Nebraska.
D. Leroy Gray, Extension Fisheries Specialist, University
of Arkansas Co-op Extension
Service, Little Rock, Arkansas.
Dr. Gary Jensen, Aquaculture Specialist, Louisiana Cooperative Extension
Service,
Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge,
Louisiana.
Jim Kahrs, Owner/Operator, Osage Catfishery, Osage Beach, Missouri.
Dr. Wallace Klussman, Professor, Department of Wildlife and
Fishery Science, Texas
A&M University, College Station, Texas.
It would be impossible to name everyone whose works in
other books and published items
have contributed significantly to MAVCC's effort to produce
a comprehensive text.
But it's
worth a try.
A thank you to John Guidice, D. Leroy Gray, and J. Mayo Martin
for their Manual for Bait
Fish Culture in the South, a joint publication of the University
of Arkansas Cooperative
Extension Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Another valuable reference is Jasper S. Lee's Catfish Farming. A Reference
Unit, published
by Mississippi State University, and we thank all associated
with that publication'.
Catfish AqLiaculture: A Decision-Making Guidebook
was published by the Louisiana
Cooperative Extension Service at the Louisiana State University
Agricultural Center, and
to those who helped with that project, another thank
you for providing a valuable resource.
We thank Claude E. Boyd and Frank Lichtkoppler for another
valuable resource, Water
Quality Management in Pond Fish Culture.
The text was published by the International
Center for Aquaculture, Agricultural Experiment Station at Auburn
University, Auburn,
Alabama, under the direction of R. Dennis Rouse.
To Larry Belusz we extend a thank
you for materials used from his Fish Farming
Techniques.
That text was published as a ;oint effort by the Instructional Materials
Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, in coope,ation
with the Missouri Department
to Elementary and Secondary Education, Jefferson City, Missouri.
r
Crawfish in the Classroom is only a five-page brochure, but we thank J. V. Huner of
Southern University ark; J. E. Barr of the Louisiana Department of Education for an
impressive effort and the good graphics.
Mitchell wrote Some Parasites and Diseases of
Glenn L. Hoffman and Andrew J.
This was published by the Fish Farming Experimental Station, U.S.
Warmwater Fishes.
Although it is listed as Fish and Wildlife
Fish and Wildlife Service, Stuttgart, Arkansas.
it had a book-size value to the MAVCC effort, and we thank Hoffman and
Leaflet 6,
Mitchell for a job well done.
A special thank you goes to Harry K. Dupree and Jay V. Huner for the Third Report to
the Fish Farmers which they edited. The Report proved its value time and time again.
Naturally, our thank you is extended to all the contributors to that marvelous book, and to
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for publishing the text.
Fish Hatchery Management published by the United States Department of the Interior, Fish
and Wildlife Service, contributed vital information to the unit about trout production. Thanks
to Robert G. Piper, Ivan B. McElwain, Leo E. Orme, Joseph P. McCraren, Laurie G.
Fowler, John R. Leonard, and others who helped with that excellent text.
We thank the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission and the very cooperative people at
,
,
NEBRASKALand Magazine for their well-illustrated publication, The Fish Book.
1
For their help with other stages of development, we thank Glen Gebhart for help with
photographs and his technical expertise, Jim Gleim for special help with the trout farming
unit, D. Leroy Gray for help with photographs and information in the baitfish unit, Gary
Jensen for help with photographs and for finding Louisiana crawfish farmers willing to lend
a hand, Wallace Kiussman for materials on international aquaculture, and Jim Kahrs for
a special fish farming textall in Chinese.
Our final thank you goes to the many anonymous fish farmers whose failures and
successes alike, in varied circumstances, have contributed to the solid body of references
that have turned aquaculture into a disciplined activity.
Development of Aquaculture has been an adventure. We at MAVCC hope it serves well
the 'instructors and students for whom it is designed.
9
viii
AQUACULTURE
INSTRUCTIONAL / TASK ANALYSIS
JOB TRAINING: What the
RELATED INFORMATION:
Worker Should Be Able to Do
What the Worker Should Know
(Psychomotor)
(Cognitive)
UNIT I:
INTRODUCTION TO AQUACULTURE
Terms and definitions
1.
2.
Facts about aquaculture
3. historical
The
background
of
aquaculture
4.
of
Types
aquaculture
environ-
ments
Types of aquaculture enterprises
5.
Species of economic importance
6.
7.
Factors to consider before starting
an aquaculture enterprise
8.
Limiting factors in joint agriculture/
aquaculture enterprises
9.
Physical
fiscal
and
risks
associated with aquaculture
Advantages of aquaculture
10.
of
Sources
11.
information
about
aquaculture
12.
Survey local aquaculture production.
(Assignment Sheet #1)
13.
Visit a support facility and interview
the operator(s).
(Assignment Sheet
#2)
14.
Survey local market outlets for types
of fish sold. (Assignment Sheet #3)
Interview
15.
a
producer.
local
(Assignment Sheet #4)
..,-
.
I. 0
ix