Applications of Nonverbal Communication

327 Pages·2005·19.91 MB·English

Applications
of Nonverbal Communication
TLFeBOOK
THE STAUFFER SYMPOSIUM
ON APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY AT
THE CLAREMONT COLLEGES
This series of volumes highlights important new developments on
the leading edge of applied social psychology. Each volume focuses
on one area in which social psychological knowledge is being applied
to the resolution of social problems. Within that area, a distin-
guished group of authorities present chapters summarizing recent
theoretical views and empirical findings, including the results of
their own research and applied activities. An introductory chapter
frames the material, pointing out common themes and varied areas
of practical applications. Thus each volume brings together tren-
chant new social psychological ideas, research results, and fruitful
applications bearing on an area of current social interest. The vol-
umes will be of value not only to practitioners and researchers, but
also to students and lay people interested in this vital and expanding
area of psychology.
Series books published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates:
• Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination, edited by Stuart
Oskamp (2000).
• Mass Media and Drug Prevention: Classic and Contemporary
Theories and Research, edited by William D. Crano and
Michael Burgoon (2002).
• Evaluating Social Programs and Problems: Visions for the New
Millennium, edited by Steward I. Donaldson and Michael
Scriven (2003).
• Processes of Community Change and Social Action, edited by
Allen M. Omoto and Stuart Oskamp (2004).
• Applications of Nonverbal Communication, edited by Ronald E.
Riggio and Robert S. Feldman (2005).
Applications
of Nonverbal Communication
Edited by
Ronald E. Riggio
Claremont McKenna College
Robert S. Feldman
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
The Claremont Symposium
on Applied Social Psychology
LEA
LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
2005 Mahwah, New Jersey London
Copyright © 2005 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in
any form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or any
other means, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers
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Cover design by Kathryn Houghtaling Lacey
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology (2003)
Applications of nonverbal communication : edited by Ronald
E. Riggio, Robert S. Feldman.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8058-4334-5 (cloth : alk. paper)
ISBN 0-8058-4335-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Nonverbal communication—Congresses. I. Riggio, Ronald E.
II. Feldman, Roberts. (RobertStephen), 1947- . III.Title.
P99.5.C58 2003
302.2'22—dc22
2004050673
CIP
Books published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates are printed
on acid-free paper, and their bindings are chosen for strength
and durability.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21
Dedication
This book is dedicated
to Robert Rosenthal and Paul Ekman,
for their pioneering work
that inspired much of this research.
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
Preface ix
Introduction to Applications of Nonverbal Communication xi
Ronald E. Riggio and Robert S. Feldman
I. Health Applications
I Nonverbal Communication and Health Care 3
Leslie Martin and Howard S. Friedman
1 Facial Expression Decoding Deficits in Clinical Populations 17
with Interpersonal Relationship Dysfunctions
Pierre Philippot, Celine Douilliez, Thierry Pham,
Marie-Line Foisy and Charles Kornreich
II. Applications to Law and Politics
3 Nonverbal Communication in the Courtroom 41
and the "Appearance" of Justice
Michael Searcy, Steve Duck and Peter Blanck
4 Police Use of Nonverbal Behavior as Indicators of Deception 63
Aldert Vrij and Samantha Mann
VII
viii CONTENTS
5 Nonverbal Behavior and Political Leadership 97
Al Goethals
III. Applications to Business and Education
6 Business Applications of Nonverbal Communication 121
Ronald E. Riggio
1 Working on a Smile: Responding to Sexual Provocation 141
in the Workplace
Julie A. Woodzicka and Marianne LaFrance
8 No More Teachers' Dirty Looks: Effects of Teacher Nonverbal 161
Behavior on Student Outcomes
Monica Harris and Robert Rosenthal
IV. Social and Cultural Issues
9 Withdrawal in Couple Interactions: Exploring the Causes 199
and Consequences
Patricia Noller, Judith A. Feeney, Nigel Roberts
and Andrew Christensen
\ 0 Emotional Intelligence and Deception Detection: Why Most 219
People Can't "Read" Others, But a Few Can
Maureen O'Sullivan
I I Culture and Applied Nonverbal Communication 259
David Matsumoto and Seung Hee Yoo
About the Authors 283
Author Index 287
Subject Index 301
Preface:
Applications of Nonverbal Communication
Each and every day, in every social interaction, we communicate our
feelings, attitudes, thoughts, and concerns nonverbally. Nonverbal
communication is used to convey power and status, it is used to ex-
press love and intimacy, it is used to communicate agreement, to es-
tablish rapport, and to regulate the flow of communication. Nonverbal
communication is pervasive, ongoing, and it is part of virtually every
human endeavor.
The scientific study of nonverbal communication began more than
125 years ago, with the pioneering work of Charles Darwin and his
book, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). A
check of the PsycINFO database (beginning coincidentally in 1872)
shows nearly 20,000 entries with the subject heading "nonverbal."
However, despite this long and rigorous line of research, we still are
quite limited in our ability to apply much of this research to important
"real world" settings. Much of what researchers have discovered about
nonverbal communication remains in professional journals, read and
studied only by other researchers of nonverbal communication.
This volume provides a much-needed bridge between the research
on nonverbal communication and the application of these research
findings. In this volume, some of the leading researchers in the field
apply their work to understanding nonverbal communication pro-
cesses in hospitals and clinics, in courtrooms and police stations, in
the workplace and in government, in the classroom, and in everyday
settings. It explores nonverbal communication in public settings, in in-
timate interpersonal relationships, and across cultures. It is our hope
that practitioners of all types, from healthcare workers, to law enforce-
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