Apple Human Interface Guidelines PDF
Preview Apple Human Interface Guidelines
Apple Human Interface Guidelines UserExperience 2008-06-09 Aperture,Finder,iWeb,Numbers,Spotlight, AppleInc. andTimeMachinearetrademarksofApple ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc. Inc. Allrightsreserved. Helveticaisaregisteredtrademarkof HeidelbergerDruckmaschinenAG, Nopartofthispublicationmaybe availablefromLinotypeLibraryGmbH. reproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or IntelandIntelCoreareregistered transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, trademarksofIntelCorportationorits mechanical,electronic,photocopying, subsidiariesintheUnitedStatesandother recording,orotherwise,withoutprior countries. writtenpermissionofAppleInc.,withthe followingexceptions:Anypersonishereby JavaandallJava-basedtrademarksare authorizedtostoredocumentationona trademarksorregisteredtrademarksofSun singlecomputerforpersonaluseonlyand Microsystems,Inc.intheU.S.andother toprintcopiesofdocumentationfor countries. personaluseprovidedthatthe OpenGLisaregisteredtrademarkofSilicon documentationcontainsApple’scopyright Graphics,Inc. notice. PowerPCandandthePowerPClogoare TheApplelogoisatrademarkofAppleInc. trademarksofInternationalBusiness Useofthe“keyboard”Applelogo MachinesCorporation,usedunderlicense (Option-Shift-K)forcommercialpurposes therefrom. withoutthepriorwrittenconsentofApple SimultaneouslypublishedintheUnited mayconstitutetrademarkinfringementand StatesandCanada. unfaircompetitioninviolationoffederal andstatelaws. EventhoughApplehasreviewedthisdocument, APPLEMAKESNOWARRANTYOR Nolicenses,expressorimplied,aregranted REPRESENTATION,EITHEREXPRESSOR IMPLIED,WITHRESPECTTOTHIS withrespecttoanyofthetechnology DOCUMENT,ITSQUALITY,ACCURACY, describedinthisdocument.Appleretains MERCHANTABILITY,ORFITNESSFORA PARTICULARPURPOSE.ASARESULT,THIS allintellectualpropertyrightsassociated DOCUMENTISPROVIDED“ASIS,”AND withthetechnologydescribedinthis YOU,THEREADER,AREASSUMINGTHE ENTIRERISKASTOITSQUALITYAND document.Thisdocumentisintendedto ACCURACY. assistapplicationdeveloperstodevelop INNOEVENTWILLAPPLEBELIABLEFOR applicationsonlyforApple-labeled DIRECT,INDIRECT,SPECIAL,INCIDENTAL, computers. ORCONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES RESULTINGFROMANYDEFECTOR Everyefforthasbeenmadetoensurethat INACCURACYINTHISDOCUMENT,evenif advisedofthepossibilityofsuchdamages. theinformationinthisdocumentis THEWARRANTYANDREMEDIESSET accurate.Appleisnotresponsiblefor FORTHABOVEAREEXCLUSIVEANDIN typographicalerrors. LIEUOFALLOTHERS,ORALORWRITTEN, EXPRESSORIMPLIED.NoAppledealer,agent, AppleInc. oremployeeisauthorizedtomakeany 1InfiniteLoop modification,extension,oradditiontothis warranty. Cupertino,CA95014 Somestatesdonotallowtheexclusionor 408-996-1010 limitationofimpliedwarrantiesorliabilityfor incidentalorconsequentialdamages,sothe abovelimitationorexclusionmaynotapplyto .MacisaregisteredservicemarkofApple you.Thiswarrantygivesyouspecificlegal Inc. rights,andyoumayalsohaveotherrightswhich varyfromstatetostate. Apple,theApplelogo,AppleScript,Aqua, Bonjour,Carbon,Chicago,Cocoa,Cover Flow,eMac,FireWire,Geneva,iBook,iCal, iChat,iPhoto,iPod,iTunes,Keychain, Keynote,Leopard,Logic,Mac,MacOS, Macintosh,Objective-C,Pages,Quartz, QuickDraw,QuickTime,Safari,Tiger, VelocityEngine,andXcodearetrademarks ofAppleInc.,registeredintheUnitedStates andothercountries. Contents Introduction Introduction to Apple Human Interface Guidelines 21 WhoShouldReadThisDocument? 22 OrganizationofThisDocument 22 ConventionsUsedinThisDocument 23 SeeAlso 23 PartI Application Design Fundamentals 25 Chapter1 The Design Process 27 InvolvingUsersintheDesignProcess 27 KnowYourAudience 27 AnalyzeUserTasks 28 BuildPrototypes 28 ObserveUsers 28 GuidelinesforConductingUserObservations 29 MakingDesignDecisions 30 AvoidFeatureCascade 31 Applythe80PercentSolution 31 Chapter2 Characteristics of Great Software 33 HighPerformance 33 EaseofUse 34 AttractiveAppearance 36 Reliability 37 Adaptability 38 Interoperability 38 Mobility 39 Chapter3 Human Interface Design 41 HumanInterfaceDesignPrinciples 41 Metaphors 41 ReflecttheUser’sMentalModel 42 ExplicitandImpliedActions 43 DirectManipulation 44 3 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S UserControl 44 FeedbackandCommunication 44 Consistency 46 WYSIWYG(WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouGet) 46 Forgiveness 47 PerceivedStability 47 AestheticIntegrity 47 Modelessness 48 ManagingComplexityinYourSoftware 49 KeepYourUsersinMind 49 WorldwideCompatibility 50 UniversalAccessibility 51 ExtendingtheInterface 53 BuildontheExistingInterface 53 Don’tAssignNewBehaviorstoExistingObjects 54 CreateaNewInterfaceElementCautiously 54 Chapter4 Prioritizing Design Decisions 55 MeetMinimumRequirements 56 DelivertheFeaturesUsersExpect 57 DifferentiateYourApplication 58 PartII The Macintosh Experience 61 Chapter5 The Mac OS X Environment 63 TheAlways-OnEnvironment 63 Displays 63 TheDock 64 ConveyingInformationintheDock 64 ClickingintheDock 64 TheFinder 65 FileFormatsandFilenameExtensions 65 Internationalization 66 MultipleUserIssues 66 ResourceManagement 67 Threads 68 Chapter6 Using Mac OS X Technologies 69 AddressBook 69 Animation 70 Automator 72 Bonjour 73 4 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S Colors 73 Dashboard 74 High-LevelDesignGuidelinesforWidgets 75 User-InterfaceDesignGuidelinesforWidgets 76 Fonts 77 Preferences 78 Printing 79 Security 79 Speech 80 Spotlight 80 UserAssistance 83 AppleHelp 83 HelpTags 83 Chapter7 Software Installation and Software Updates 85 Packaging 85 IdentifySystemRequirements 85 BundleYourSoftware 86 Installation 86 UseInternet-EnabledDiskImages 86 Drag-and-DropInstallation 86 InstallationPackages 87 GeneralInstallerGuidelines 87 SetupAssistants 88 UpdatingInstalledApplications 90 PartIII The Aqua Interface 95 Chapter8 User Input 97 TheMouseandOtherPointingDevices 97 Clicking 97 Double-Clicking 98 PressingandHolding 98 Dragging 98 TheKeyboard 99 TheFunctionsofSpecificKeys 99 KeyboardShortcuts 106 KeyboardFocusandNavigation 109 Type-AheadandKey-Repeat 110 Selecting 111 SelectionMethods 111 SelectionsinText 114 SelectionsinSpreadsheets 116 5 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S SelectionsinGraphics 116 EditingText 117 InsertingText 117 DeletingText 117 ReplacingaSelection 117 IntelligentCutandPaste 117 EditingTextFields 118 EnteringPasswords 119 Chapter9 Drag and Drop 121 Drag-and-DropOverview 121 Drag-and-DropSemantics 122 MoveVersusCopy 122 WhentoChecktheOptionKeyState 123 SelectionFeedback 123 Single-GestureSelectionandDragging 123 BackgroundSelections 123 DragFeedback 124 DestinationFeedback 124 Windows 124 Text 125 Lists 125 MultipleDraggedItems 125 AutomaticScrolling 125 UsingtheTrashasaDestination 125 DropFeedback 126 FinderIcons 126 Graphics 126 Text 126 TransferringaSelection 126 FeedbackforanInvalidDrop 127 Clippings 127 Chapter10 Text 129 Fonts 129 Style 130 InsertingSpacesBetweenSentences 131 UsingtheEllipsisCharacter 131 UsingtheColonCharacter 132 LabelsforInterfaceElements 135 CapitalizationofInterfaceElementLabelsandText 136 UsingContractionsintheInterface 137 UsingAbbreviationsandAcronymsintheInterface 137 DeveloperTermsandUserTerms 138 6 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S Chapter11 Icons 139 IconGenresandFamilies 139 ApplicationIcons 140 UserApplicationIcons 140 Viewer,Player,andAccessoryIcons 142 UtilityIcons 142 DocumentIcons 143 ToolbarIcons 143 IconsforPlug-ins,Hardware,andRemovableMedia 144 IconPerspectivesandMaterials 145 CreatingIcons 147 TipsforDesigningIcons 147 ASuggestedProcessforCreatingIcons 148 CreatingIconsforMacOSXv10.5andLater 149 ScalingYourArtwork 151 DesigningToolbarIcons 152 DesigningIconsforIconButtons 154 DesigningIconsforCapsule-StyleToolbarControls 154 DesigningIconsforRectangular-StyleToolbarControls 154 System-ProvidedImages 155 System-ProvidedImagesforUseinControls 156 System-ProvidedImagesforUseasStandaloneButtons 157 System-ProvidedImagesforUseasToolbarItems 158 System-ProvidedImagesthatIndicatePrivileges 160 ASystem-ProvidedDragImage 160 Chapter12 Cursors 161 StandardCursors 161 DesigningYourOwnCursors 163 Chapter13 Menus 165 MenuBehavior 165 DesigningtheElementsofMenus 167 TitlingMenus 167 NamingMenuItems 167 UsingIconsinMenus 169 UsingSymbolsinMenus 170 ToggledMenuItems 172 GroupingItemsinMenus 173 HierarchicalMenus(Submenus) 174 TheMenuBarandItsMenus 175 TheAppleMenu 177 TheApplicationMenu 178 7 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S TheFileMenu 179 TheEditMenu 181 TheFormatMenu 184 TheViewMenu 185 Application-SpecificMenus 186 TheWindowMenu 186 TheHelpMenu 187 MenuBarExtras 188 ContextualMenus 189 DockMenus 190 Chapter14 Windows 193 TypesofWindows 193 WindowAppearance 194 WindowElements 196 TheTitleBar 199 Toolbars 202 ScopeBars 207 SourceLists 210 BottomBars 214 Drawers 216 WindowBehavior 218 OpeningWindows 218 NamingNewWindows 219 PositioningWindows 221 MovingWindows 222 ResizingandZoomingWindows 223 MinimizingandExpandingWindows 223 ClosingWindows 224 WindowLayering 224 ScrollingWindows 228 Panels 230 InspectorWindows 232 TransparentPanels 233 FontsWindowandColorsWindow 237 AboutWindows 237 Dialogs 238 TypesofDialogsandWhentoUseThem 239 DialogAppearanceandBehavior 243 FindWindows 246 PreferencesWindows 247 TheOpenDialog 248 DialogsforSaving,Closing,andQuitting 250 TheChooseDialog 255 ThePrintDialog 256 8 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S Chapter15 Controls 259 Window-FrameControls 260 Rectangular-StyleToolbarControls 260 Capsule-StyleToolbarControls 265 LegacyToolbarControls 268 Buttons 269 PushButtons 269 IconButtons 272 ScopeButtons 274 GradientButtons 277 TheHelpButton 279 BevelButtons 280 RoundButtons 282 SelectionControls 283 RadioButtons 283 Checkboxes 286 SegmentedControls 289 IconButtonsandBevelButtonswithPop-UpMenus 291 Pop-UpMenus 292 ActionMenus 296 CombinationBoxes 298 PathControls 300 ColorWells 302 ImageWells 303 DatePickers 304 CommandPop-DownMenus 306 Sliders 308 TheStepperControl(LittleArrows) 312 Placards 313 Indicators 314 ProgressIndicators 314 LevelIndicators 319 TextControls 325 StaticTextFields 325 TextInputFields 326 TokenFields 329 SearchFields 330 ScrollingLists 332 ViewControls 333 DisclosureTriangles 333 DisclosureButtons 335 ListViews 337 ColumnViews 338 SplitViews 340 TabViews 342 9 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved. C O N T E N T S GroupingControls 346 Separators 346 GroupBoxes 348 Chapter16 Layout Guidelines 351 PositioningRegular-SizeControlsinaWindowBody 351 ASimplePreferencesWindow 352 ATabbedWindow 355 AStandardAlert 358 PositioningSmallandMiniControlsinaWindowBody 359 LayoutExampleforSmallControls 359 LayoutExampleforMiniControls 362 GroupingControlsinaWindowBody 364 GroupingwithWhiteSpace 364 GroupingwithSeparators 365 GroupingwithGroupBoxes 366 PositioningTextandControlsinaBottomBar 368 AppendixA Keyboard Shortcuts Quick Reference 371 Glossary 379 Document Revision History 387 Index 391 10 2008-06-09 | ©1992,2001-2003,2008AppleInc.AllRightsReserved.
Description:The list of books you might like
