Apostolic Succession - Cathedral of St. Anthony

37 Pages·2011·0.32 MB·English

by  Richard A. Kalbfleisch

Apostolic Succession
Episcopal Seal of the Most Rev. Richard A. Kalbfleisch, STL, DD, NOSF
Through the
Catholic Apostolic Church of Brazil
(Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira)
Old Catholic Church of Utrecht
Russian Orthodox Church
The Church of England &
The Episcopal Church in the USA
Catholic Apostolic Church of Brazil
Archbishop Carlos Duarte Costa, ordained a priest within The Church of Rome on 1 April 1911,
was consecrated to be the Roman Diocesan Bishop of Botucatu, Brazil, on 8 December 1924.
His public statements on the treatment of the poor in Brazil (by both the civil government and
the Roman Church) resulted in his removal as Diocesan Bishop of Botucatu. Bishop Duarte
Costa was subsequently named Titular Bishop of Maura by Pope Pius XII (Eugenio Cardinal
Pacelli, Vatican Secretary of State until 1939 under Pope Pius XI).
Archbishop Duarte Costa's criticisms of the Vatican, particularly the policy toward Nazi
Germany, were not well received. He was formerly separated from the Church of Rome on 6
July 1945 after his strong and repeated public denunciations of the Vatican Secretariat of State
for granting Vatican Passports to some very high ranking Nazis.
Some of the most notorious Nazi war criminals (e.g., Adolf Eichmann and Dr. Josef Mengele,
the "Angel of Death,") escaped trial after World War II using Vatican Passports to flee to South
America. The government of Brazil also came under the Bishop's criticism for collaborating with
the Vatican on these passports.
Bishop Duarte Costa espoused what would be considered today as a rather liberal position on
divorce, challenged mandatory celibacy for clergy, and publicly condemned the perceived
abuses of papal power (especially the concept of Papal Infallibility, which he considered
misguided and false). He founded the autonomous Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira (ICAB)
immediately upon his separation from The Church of Rome (6 July 1945) and remained
Primate of this jurisdiction until his death in 1961.
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Archbishop Luis Castillo Mendez was consecrated by Archbishop Duarte Costa on 3 May 1948.
He succeed Abp. Duarte Costa as Primate and Patriarch of the National Catholic Apostolic
Churches (Igreja Catolica Apostolica Nationales) in 1961.
In addition to the autonomous Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira (ICAB), there are sister
jurisdictions in thirteen other countries in the Western Hemisphere, Europe, the Pacific and in
Asia, including: Argentina (ICAA), Chile, Venezuela, Cuba, Mexico, Spain, Germany, France,
Portugal, Australia, the Philippines, Canada and the United States of America, with over 12
million members.
It may be of interest to consider Bishop Salomao Ferraz. He was a Roman priest who left that
jurisdiction to join the new autocephalous Brazilian Church. He was consecrated to the office of
bishop by Archbishop Carlos Duarte Costa for the Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira (ICAB)
in 1945. In 1958 he was reconciled with the Church of Rome (during the pontificate of Pope
Pius XII). The Vatican appointed him Titular Bishop of Eleuterna on 12 May 1963. Although
married, Bishop Ferraz was later appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Rio de Janeiro by Pope John
XXIII. Pope Paul VI appointed Bishop Ferraz to serve on a commission of the Second Vatican
Council; he even addressed the Council Fathers.
This is mentioned only to point out that Bishop Ferraz was never re-consecrated by the Roman
Church, not even conditionally (sub conditione)! He was also allowed to keep his wife while
serving and functioning as a Bishop of The Church of Rome! Later, he was buried with the full
honors accorded a Bishop of the Church of Rome. The Vatican, by accepting Bishop Ferraz
without any re-consecration, affirmed de jure and de facto the sacramental validity of the
Apostolic Succession received via Abp. Duarte Costa.
Pope Benedictus XIV
(Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini) Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 19 March 1743:
Carlo della Torre Rezzoni
(Pope Clement XIII) assisted by Archbishop Scopio Borghese & Ignatius Reali Consecrated to
The Sacred Episcopate on 26 April 1767:
Cardinal Bernardinus Giraud
assisted by Archbishop Marcus Antonius Conti & Bishop Iosefus Maria Carafa Consecrated to
The Sacred Episcopate on 23 February 1777:
Cardinal Alexander Matthaeus
assisted by Bishop Geraldus Macioti & Bishop Franciscus Albertini Consecrated to The Sacred
Episcopate on 12 September 1819:
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Cardinal Petrus Franciscus Galeffi
assisted by Abp. Ioanne Franciscus Falzacappa & Abp. Iosephus della Porta Rodiani
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 8 December 1822:
Cardinal Iacobus Philippus Fransoni
assisted by Patriarch Joseph Valerga of Jerusalem & Bishop Rudesindus Salvado Consecrated
to The Sacred Episcopate on 8 June 1851:
Cardinal Carolus Sacconi
assisted by Archbishop Salvator Nobili Vitelleschi and Archbishop Franciscus Xaverius Fridericus
de Morode Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 30 June 1872:
Cardinal Eduard Howard
assisted by Archbishop Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella & Bishop Giulio Lenti Consecrated to
The Sacred Episcopate on 8 December 1882:
Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 26 October 1890:
Cardinal Joaquin Arcoverde de Albuquerque-Cavalcanti
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 4 June 1911:
Archbishop Sebastiao Leme da Silveira Cintra
assisted by Dom Alberto Jose Goncalves & Dom Benedito Paulo Alves de Souza
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 8 December 1924:
Bishop Carlos Duarte Costa Patriarch, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira (1945)
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 3 May 1948:
Bishop Luis Fernando Castillo Mendez Patriarch, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira
(1961)assisted by Dom Melquiades Rosa Garcia & Dom Bartolomeus Sebastiao Vilela
Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 30 January 1985:
Bishop Forest Ernest Barber Holy Orthodox Church in the Philippines (Mission of the Igreja
Catolica Apostolica Brasileira) assisted by Abp. Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield & Abp. Paul
G. W. Schultz Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 14 June 1987:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson
Archbishop of Scandinavia, Igreja Catolica Apostolica Brasileira assisted by Abp. Emile
Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield, Abp. Paul G. W. Schultz, Bishop Christopher Rogers, Bishop
Carroll Lowery, Exarch Howard D. van Orden, Archbishop Arthur Garrow, Bishop Petros (Eric
Veloso), Bishop Michael Marshal Consecrated to The Sacred Episcopate on 5 August 1989:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin
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Primate, The Evangelical Catholic Church. Consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate on 4 May
1991.
Bishop Arthur (Alexis) Longacre
of the American Catholic Church. Assisting Bishop Barwin was Bishop Eric T. Ong Veloso of the
American Orthodox Catholic Church, Bishop Carl Smith and Bishop Paul Schultz of the
Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas. On 4 January 1997 consecrated to the
Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Louis David Chinavare
of the American Catholic Church. Assisting Bishop Longacre was Archbishop John Robert
Collier of the Order of Caring Chaplains, Archbishop Patrick Randolph Connolly of the
American Catholic Church and Bishop Benedict Clouse. On 7 May 2006 consecrated to the
Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Richard A. Kalbfleisch, NOSF
Ecumenical Catholic Church of Christ, Auxiliary Bishop and Rector of the Cathedral and Abbey
of St. Anthony, The New Order of St. Francis & St. Clare (NOSF).
The Old Catholic Church of Utrecht
The Diocese of Utrecht, Holland, was founded in AD 722 by St. Willibrord. The right of the
Chapter of Utrecht to elect the bishop of The Diocese was recognized in AD 1145. In AD 1520
the Bishop of Utrecht was given the right to adjudicate matters in his diocese without appeal or
recourse to Rome. In AD 1559, when the war with France had ended, Philip II of Spain, the
hereditary ruler of the Netherlands, persuaded the Pope to elevate The See of Utrecht to an
archbishopric, with five new dioceses under it (Haarlem, Deventer, Groningen, Leeuwarden and
Middelburg).
Having survived the Calvinist Reformation in Holland as an underground Church, the Dutch
Roman Catholic faithful were suddenly subjected to the political ambitions and maneuverings of
the Jesuits, who fought to have Rome declare The See of Utrecht a missionary district under
their control. At first failing in this battle to gain control of The Church in Holland, the Jesuits
adopted a new tactic in AD 1691 by accusing + Peter Codde, The Archbishop of Utrecht, of
espousing the so-called heresy of Jansenism. Although the Archbishop was eventually proved
innocent of heresy, Pope Innocent XII tried to appease the Jesuits by suspending and deposing
him in AD 1705. No mention was made of any reason for the deposition. Even a Papal canonist,
Hyacinth de Archangelis, issued a formal opinion that a Vicar-Apostolic with the rights of an
Ordinary (as + Codde undoubtedly was) could not be arbitrarily deposed. Two Dutch Catholic
Chapters (Utrecht and Haarlem) naturally decided not to recognize this irregular, if not illegal,
act. The battle was over local autonomy in a collegial Church versus Papal supremacy.
When the Papacy appointed + Theodore de Cock as Pro-Vicar-Apostolic of The United
Provinces, in the place of Archbishop Peter Codde (deposed), the Chapters of Utrecht and
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Haarlem further decided not to recognize his authority on the ground that The Patriarch of
Rome had no canonical authority to deprive even a Vicar-Apostolic, much less an Archbishop,
without trial and condemnation. At the same time the Calvinist government decided that it
would prefer a Catholic Church controlled by Dutch Catholics to a Catholic Church controlled
by Rome. The government, therefore, issued a decree forbidding + de Cock to exercise any
jurisdiction over Roman Catholics in Holland. Later, after accusing the Dutch government of
being bribed by the secular clergy loyal to The Archbishop (+ Codde), + de Cock was banished
from Holland and fled to Rome. Rome countered by placing the Dutch Church under an
Inhibition, prohibiting all Bishops from performing any episcopal acts in Holland.
At this point the battle between Utrecht and Rome was not doctrinal, but the results of Jesuit
intrigue and their desire to firmly establish the Papacy as an absolute monarchy.
Had Archbishop Codde continued to exercise his authority as The Archbishop of Utrecht, while
appealing his uncanonical suspension as Vicar-Apostolic (as Vicar-Apostolic he had diocesan
jurisdiction wherever there was no Bishop or Chapter; metropolitan jurisdiction in the other
dioceses), the course of Church history may well have seen the defeat of the Jesuit sponsored
Ultramontane movement. Unfortunately, + Codde not only protested his suspension but also
retired from the exercise of his office. His jurisdiction thus reverted to the Chapters and his
people were left without episcopal protection and governance.
It was the position of the Chapter of Utrecht that: both the Province and Diocese of Utrecht,
with all their ancient and canonical rights and privileges, still existed. (The Chapter of Utrecht
was formally recognized on many occasions by Papal Nuncios even after this date.)
The Vicariate instituted by Archbishop Philip Rovenius on 9 June 1633 was the canonical
reconstitution of the ancient Chapter of Utrecht and possessed all the rights of the Chapter,
including the right to elect the Archbishop of Utrecht. (All nominations made hereafter by this
Chapter were, in fact, accepted by Rome, including that of Archbishop Codde.)
Later archbishops, from + Vosmeer to + Codde, were not only Vicars-Apostolic of the Roman
See, but also Archbishops of Utrecht, the true canonical successors of St. Willibrord.
On 25 May 1717, five doctors of the theological faculty of the University of Louvain publicly
sided with the Archepiscopal See of Utrecht by stating that the Church of Utrecht had not been
reduced to the status of a mere mission, that the Chapter of Utrecht had survived, and that the
Vicariate established by + Rovenius was the ancient Chapter of Utrecht. Later, 102 doctors of
theology at the University of Paris, together with the whole law faculty, publicly agreed with the
doctors of Louvain. As a result of the support of the theology faculties of two French
universities, three French Bishops (Soanen of Senez, Lorraine of Bayeux, and Caumartin of
Blois) declared that they were ready to ordain priests for the Chapter of Utrecht, and actually
did so.
Upon the death, in AD 1710, of + Peter Codde, the deposed Archbishop of Utrecht, the
Cathedral Chapter (exercising its historically recognized right) elected a successor. No Bishop,
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however, could be found who would ignore the Pope's Inhibition by consecrating the
Archbishop-elect. The Church of Holland continued to send Her candidates for the priesthood
out of the country for ordination by foreign Bishops; Her children, without a diocesan Ordinary,
were left unconfirmed. At this point the Jesuits and Rome sought and anxiously anticipated the
total capitulation of the autocephalous Dutch Church.
A turning point in the Dutch Church's struggle with Rome came in AD 1719 when + Dominique
Maria Varlet, former missionary priest in The Louisiana Territory in North America, stopped in
Amsterdam for a few days on his way to his new post in Persia. A local Dutch priest, Father
Jacob Krys, begged the new Bishop to confirm 604 orphans and other poor children as an act
of charity, which he did. He then continued his journey to Persia, arriving at his residence at
Schamake (now Shemakh near Baku in the Republic of Azerbaijan) on 9 October 1719. On 26
March 1720, the Bishop of Babylon was presented with a formal Notice of Suspension from his
office, sent by the Bishop of Ispahan by order of the Congregation de Propaganda Fide, and
delivered by a Jesuit priest (Fr. Bachou) because of the confirmations in Amsterdam. Like the
late Archbishop Codde, Bishop Varlet elected not to remain in office while fighting the Papal
action. After careful consideration and prayer, the good Bishop immediately left Persia and
returned to Amsterdam, where he settled permanently.
The Chapter of Utrecht had meanwhile repeatedly attempted to get the Pope to allow the
election and consecration of an archbishop; Pope Innocent XIII ignored their petitions. The
Chapter next turned to the leading canon lawyers of the day. They were told that the Chapter
had the canonical right to elect their archbishop and get him consecrated without the consent of
the Pope (recent precedents in both France and Portugal supported this position). Nineteen
doctors of the theological faculty of the Sorbonne (University of Paris), and others from Nantes,
Rheims, Padua, and Louvain, gave their agreement to this position, as well as assuring the
Chapter that in the case of necessity one bishop alone might preside at the consecration.
With the approval of the government, the Chapter met at The Hague on 27 April 1723 and,
after a Mass of The Holy Spirit, elected, with all the canonical forms, Cornelius Steenoven to be
Archbishop of Utrecht. Although Fr. Steenoven was elected as the candidate likely to be the
least objectionable to Rome, the Pope refused to answer the Chapter's request to permit his
consecration. The Chapter finally begged the Bishop of Babylon to consecrate their candidate.
He consented. The government also consented to this the first consecration of an Archbishop of
Utrecht since the Reformation. Thus at 6:00am on Pentecost XX, 15 October 1724, Cornelius
van Steenoven was consecrated in the presence of the whole Chapter by the Bishop of
Babylon in Amsterdam to be the seventh Archbishop of Utrecht and canonical successor of St.
Willibrord.
The Bishop of Babylon was called upon by The Chapter to consecrate four archbishops for the
See of Utrecht before his death on 14 May 1742 at The Hague.
Old Catholic Lines through Bishop Albert Bell & Archbishop Paul Schultz
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Cardinal Antonio Barberini, nephew of Pope Urban VIII, was consecrated in AD 1655 (by
the order of Pope Alexander VII) by Monsignore Scannarola (Bishop of Sidonia), assisted by
Monsignore Botini (Domestic Prelate of the Pope), and Monsignore Laurenzio Gavotti (Bishop of
Ventimiglia), as Bishop of Frascati. In AD 1657 Bishop Barberini became Archbishop of Rheims;
in AD 1661 he became Bishop of Palestrina. Cardinal Barberini consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Bishop Charles Maurice Le Tellier, Duke, son of the Grand Chancellor of France, as Co-
Adjutor Bishop, on 12 November 1668 at The Church of The Sorbonne. He became the
Archbishop of Rheims in AD 1669. Archbishop Le Tellier consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop James Benigne Bossuet, The Eagle of Meaux, as Bishop of Condom, on 21
September 1670, at The Church of the Cordeliers, Pontoise. He was translated to The See of
Meaux by Pope Clement X in AD 1679. Bishop Bossuet consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop James Coydon de Matignon, son of the Count de Thorigny, Doyen of Lisieux and
Abbe Commendataire de St. Victor at Marseilles, as Assistant Bishop of Condom in AD 1673, at
the Church of The Carthusian Fathers, Paris. Bishop de Matignon, by order of Pope Clement XI,
consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Dominique Maria Varlet as Bishop of Ascalon in partibus and Co-Adjutor to the
Bishop of Babylon, Persia, on 12 February 1719 in The Chapel attached to the House of the
Fathers of Foreign Missions at Paris, assisted by the Co-Adjutor Bishop of Quebec and the
Bishop of Claremont. Bishop Varlet consecrated four Archbishops of Utrecht; three died without
consecrating successors. The continued existence of the autocephalous Old Roman Catholic
Church of Holland was assured when Bishop Varlet consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Petrus Johannes Meindaerts, Archpriest of Leeuwarden and Dean of Friesland
(who had been ordained a priest in Ireland by Bishop Fagan) as the tenth Archbishop of Utrecht
on St. Luke's Day, 18 October 1739. Archbishop Meindaerts consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Bishop Johannes van Stiphout as the fourth Bishop of Haarlem on 11 July 1745. Bishop
Stiphout consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Walter Michael van Nieuwenhuisen as the eleventh Archbishop of Utrecht on
Sexagesima Sunday, 7 February 1768, assisted by Bishop Bartholomaeus Johannes Byeveld
(of Deventer). The new archbishop received letters of communion from bishops in Germany,
France, Italy and Spain, who recognized that the claims to canonical jurisdiction by The Church
of Holland were sound and her doctrine orthodox. Archbishop Nieuwenhuisen consecrated to
the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Adrian Johannes Broekman, President of the Amersfoort Seminary, on Pentecost II
Sunday, 21 June 1778, as Bishop of Haarlem. Bishop Broekman consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
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Archbishop Johannes Jacobus van Rhijn as the twelfth Archbishop of Utrecht on 5 July
1797, assisted by Bishop Nicholas Nellemans of Deventer. Archbishop van Rhijn consecrated to
the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Gisbertus de Jong as the fifth Bishop of Deventer on 7 November 1805, shortly after
the formation of the Batavian Republic in Holland by Napoleon. Bishop de Jong consecrated to
the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Willibrord van Os as the thirteenth Archbishop of Utrecht on 24 April 1814.
Archbishop van Os consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Johannes Bon as the seventh Bishop of Haarlem on 25 April 1819. Bishop Bon was
the first Bishop of the autocephalous Dutch succession not to be excommunicated by Rome; in
1827 he was nominated by the King of Holland to the See of Bruges, without objection from
Rome. One Roman Cardinal is reported to have said of this nomination: Dominus Bonus no
potest esse pastor malus (It is not possible for Lord Good to be a bad pastor). Bishop Bon
consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Johannes van Santen, parish priest of Schiedam, as fourteenth Archbishop of
Utrecht on the Sunday within the Octave of St. Willibrord, 13 November 1825, in The Cathedral
of St. Gertrude in Utrecht. The announcement of this consecration to The Pope is the first time
that the Archbishop of Utrecht called himself the Pope's brother (and not son). Archbishop van
Santen consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Hermann Heykamp as seventh Bishop of Deventer on 17 July 1853. Bishop
Heykamp consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Gaspardus Johannes Rinkel as the tenth Bishop of Haarlem and Bishop Josef
Hubert Reinkens as the first Bishop of The Old Catholic Church in Germany (Bonn) on 11
August 1873 in the Church of St. Lawrence and St. Mary Magdalene at Rotterdam. This is the
first time that the formal proofs of election were read during the Mass of Consecration instead
of the Papal Mandate; it is also the first time that the new Bishops did not notify Rome of their
consecrations. Bishop Rinkel consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Gerardus Gul, parish priest of Hilversum, as the seventeenth Archbishop of
Utrecht, on 11 May 1892 in Hilversum, assisted by Bishop Cornelius Diependaal of Deventer
and Bishop Reinkens of The Old Catholic Church in Germany. Archbishop Gul consecrated to
the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Henricus Johannes Theodorus van Vlijmen as the thirteenth Bishop of Haarlem in
1916, assisted by Bishop Edward Herzog of The Old Catholic Church in Switzerland. Bishop van
Vlijmen consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop Franciscus Kenninck, President of the Amersfoort Seminary, as the eighteenth
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Archbishop of Utrecht in 1920, assisted by Bishop Edward Herzog of The Old Catholic Church in
Switzerland (Berne) and Bishop Georg Moog of The Old Catholic Church in Germany.
Archbishop Kenninck consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Adolf Küry, Professor in the Old Catholic Theological Faculty at Berne, as the second
Old Catholic Bishop in Berne (Switzerland), on 14 September 1924. Bishop Küry consecrated to
the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Erwin Kreuzer, parish priest at Freiburg-in-Breisgau, as fifth Old Catholic Bishop in
Bonn (Germany), at Mannheim on 8 May 1935, assisted by Bishop Vlijmen (Haarlem) and
Bishop Johannes Hermannus Berends (Deventer). Bishop Kreuzer consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Bishop Albert D. Bell as Bishop for the North American Old Roman Catholic Church in 1939.
Bishop Bell consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Edgar Ramon Verostek as a Bishop of the North American Old Roman Catholic
Church --Utrecht Succession, on 9 March 1940. Bishop Verostek consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Archbishop Paul G. W. Schultz as a Bishop of The Order of Christian Renewal on 20 May
1978. Archbishop Schultz, Administrator of The Philippine Independent Catholic Church in
America and Archbishop of Los Angeles, consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Karl Julius Barwin as Primate of The Evangelical Catholic Church on The Feast of
Saint Addai and Saint Mari (5 August) 1989, in The Chapel of The Holy Guardian Angels in
Glendale, California, assisting Archbishop Bertil Persson (The Apostolic Episcopal Church),
Archbishop Emile Federico Rodriguez y Fairfield (Iglesia Ortodoxa Catolica Apostolica
Mexicana), Bishop Carroll T. Lowery (The Apostolic Episcopal Church), Archbishop Arthur J.
Garrow (The Archiepiscopate Ordinariate of Healing Arts Missionaries & Chaplains in America)
and Archbishop Howard D. van Orden (Order of St. Jude, The Philippine Independent Catholic
Church in the Americas), each assisting, coöperating and co-consecrating by laying on hands
and uttering all the words of consecration. Assisting in this consecration as Co-Consecrators
were Bishop Eric T. Ong Veloso (Orthodox Catholic Church in The Philippines), Bishop
Christopher J. Rogers (Philippine Independent Catholic Church in The Americas), and Exarch
Marciel (Michael Marshall, Orthodox Old Catholic Church). On 4 May 1991 Bishop Karl Julius
Barwin consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Arthur (Alexis) Longacre of the American Catholic Church. Assisting Bishop Barwin
was Bishop Eric T. Ong Veloso of the American Orthodox Catholic Church, Bishop Carl Smith
and Bishop Paul Schultz of the Philippine Independent Catholic Church in the Americas. On 4
January 1997 consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Louis David Chinavare of the American Catholic Church. Assisting Bishop Longacre
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was Archbishop John Robert Collier of the Order of Caring Chaplains, Archbishop Patrick
Randolph Connolly of the American Catholic Church and Bishop Benedict Clouse. On 7 May
2006 consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Richard A. Kalbfleisch, NOSF
Ecumenical Catholic Church of Christ, Auxiliary Bishop and Rector of the Cathedral and Abbey
of St. Anthony, The New Order of St. Francis & St. Clare (NOSF).
Old Catholic Lines through Archbishop William Montgomery Brown
Archbishop Gerard Gul (Old Catholic Church of Utrecht), assisted by Bishop Johannes
Jacobus van Thiel and Bishop Nicholas Bartholomaeus Petrus Spit (both with The Old Catholic
Church of Utrecht) and Bishop Josef Demmel (Old Catholic Church in Germany), consecrated
to the Sacred Episcopate:
Archbishop-Primate Arnold Harris Mathew on 28 April 1908 as Archbishop of London and
Primate of the Old Catholic Church in England. Archbishop Mathew consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Bishop Rudolf Franziskus Eduard de Landas Berghes et de Rache on 29 June 1913 as
Missionary Bishop for Scotland. In 1916 Prince de Landas Berghes became Archbishop-Primate
of The National Catholic Church in North America. Archbishop de Landas Berghes et de Rache
consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop William Henry Francis Brothers on 3 October 1916 for The Old Roman Catholic
Church. In 1917 Bishop Brothers became Archbishop and Metropolitan of The Old Catholic
Church in America. Archbishop Brothers consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop William Montgomery Brown on 24 June 1925, assisted by Bishop Jozef Zielonka
(Polish Old Catholic Church of America) and Bishop Albert Jehan (Bishop of Chicago, the Old
Catholic Church in America). Bishop Brown consecrated to the Sacred Episcopate:
Bishop Wallace David de Ortega Maxey on 2 January 1927, assisted by Bishop Jozef
Zielonka (Polish Old Catholic Church of America), Bishop Albert Jehan (Bishop of Chicago, the
Old Catholic Church in America), and Archbishop William Henry Francis Brothers (Primate, the
Old Catholic Church in America). Archbishop de Ortega Maxey consecrated to the Sacred
Episcopate:
Archbishop Nils Bertil Alexander Persson as Primate of The Apostolic Episcopal Church on
7 November 1986, assisted by Archbishop Robert Ronald Ramm (Apostolic Episcopal Catholic
Church). Archbishop Persson also serves as the Missionary General for Scandinavia and All
Europe for both the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Catholic Church,
confirmed 15 June 1988; this is a member jurisdiction of The Anglican Communion) and the
Igreja Católica Apostólica Brasiliera (Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, confirmed 14 June
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