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Apollo Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Hardware Overview PDF

60 Pages·2009·1.67 MB·English
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Preview Apollo Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Hardware Overview

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20090016290 2018-01-30T20:32:13+00:00Z AAppoolllloo GGuuiiddaannccee,, NNaavviiggaattiioonn,, aanndd CCCCoooonnnnttttrrrroooollll ((((GGGGNNNNCCCC)))) HHHHaaaarrrrddddwwwwaaaarrrreeee OOOOvvvveeeerrrrvvvviiiieeeewwww TTooppiiccss • TTeerrmmiinnoollooggyy ffaammiilliiaarriizzaattiioonn • Top-level organization of the GNC system • CCaveatts – Terminology not always consistent between variious organiizattiions ((PProgram OOffffiice, FFlliighhtt Ops, North American, Grumman, MIT, TRW) – PPriime conttracttor ttermiinollogy ((NNortthh American, Grumman) used here AAggeennddaa • Review of basic GNC concepts • Command and Service Module (CSM)/Lunar Module (LM) GNC organization • Primaryy Guidance, Naviggation, and Control ((PGNCS)) (mostly common to CSM and LM) • CSM Stabilization and Control System (SCS) and other CSM-specific hardware • LM Abort Guidance System (AGS), Control Electronics System (CES), and other LM-specific hardware • Other common hardware • Summary • References RReevviieeww ooff BBaassiicc GGNNCC CCoonncceeppttss • Navigation: “Where am I?” Sensors – IInnppuuttss:: sseennssoorr mmeeaassuurreemmeennttss – Outputs: vehicle state vector Measurements (position & velocity at a given time) Naviggation State Vector RReevviieeww ooff BBaassiicc GGNNCC CCoonncceeppttss • Navigation: “Where am I?” Sensors – IInnppuuttss:: sseennssoorr mmeeaassuurreemmeennttss – Outputs: vehicle state vector Measurements (position & velocity at a given time) Naviggation • GGuuiiddaannccee:: “WWhheerree aamm II ggooiinngg??” – Inputs: state vector from navigation State Vector – Outputs: required change in Guidance velocity, required attitude (for poweredd fflliighhtt)) ΔV, attitude cmds RReevviieeww ooff BBaassiicc GGNNCC CCoonncceeppttss • Navigation: “Where am I?” Sensors – IInnppuuttss:: sseennssoorr mmeeaassuurreemmeennttss – Outputs: vehicle state vector Measurements (position & velocity at a given time) Naviggation • GGuuiiddaannccee:: “WWhheerree aamm II ggooiinngg??” – Inputs: state vector from navigation State Vector – Outputs: required change in Guidance velocity, required attitude (for poweredd fflliighhtt)) • Control: “How do I get there?” ΔV, attitude cmds – Inputs: required change in velocity and/or attitude Control – OOuuttppuuttss:: ccoommmmaannddss ttoo fflliigghhtt control effectors (Reaction Control Propulsion/gimbal cmds System (RCS) thrusters, engine gimbals, etc) Effectors CCoommmmaanndd && SSeerrvviiccee MMoodduullee ((CCSSMM)) GGNNCC OOrrggaanniizzaattiioonn • Primary Guidance, Crew PGNCS NNaviigattiion, andd CConttroll System (PGNCS) – All guidance and navigation ffuunnccttiioonnss – Primary control functions – Takeover capability for SCS Saturn S-IVB stagge CSM S-IVB Propulsion CCoommmmaanndd && SSeerrvviiccee MMoodduullee ((CCSSMM)) GGNNCC OOrrggaanniizzaattiioonn • Primary Guidance, Crew PGNCS NNaviigattiion, andd CConttroll System (PGNCS) – All guidance and navigation ffuunnccttiioonnss – Primary control functions – Takeover capability for SCS Saturn S-IVB stagge • Stabilization and Control System (SCS) – Backup control functions – Crew displays and manual CSM S-IVB controls Propulsion – Interface between PGNCS aanndd pprrooppuullssiioonn ssyysstteemm LLuunnaarr MMoodduullee ((LLMM)) GGNNCC OOrrggaanniizzaattiioonn • Primary Guidance and Navigation Crew SSeeccttiioonn ((PPGGNNSS)) – Primary guidance, navigation, and control functions PGNS AGS CES LM Propulsion LLuunnaarr MMoodduullee ((LLMM)) GGNNCC OOrrggaanniizzaattiioonn • Primary Guidance and Navigation Crew SSeeccttiioonn ((PPGGNNSS)) – Primary guidance, navigation, and control functions • Abort Guidance Section (AGS) –– BBaacckkuupp gguuiiddaannccee aanndd PGNS AGS (rudimentary) navigation functions for lunar descent aborts, powered ascent, and rendezvous with CSM CES LM Propulsion

Description:
Computer Subsystem • Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) – Command Module Computer (CMC) on CSM – LM Guidance Computer (LGC) on LM – Identical hardware, different
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