Apollo Guidance and Navigation System Study Guide Block 1

772 Pages·2017·23.68 MB·English

BLOCK ! (SERIES 100) SYSTEM COURSE
HARDWARE FUNCTIONS
i i& MECHANIZATION
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APOLLO ♦
GUIDANCE & NAVIGATION SYSTEM
BLOCK I (SERIES 100)
STUDENT STUDY GUIDE
GUIDANCE & NAVIGATION SYSTEM COURSE 1100
G&N HARDWARE FUNCTIONS AND MECHANIZATION FHllOO
PREPARED BY
AC ELECTRONICS
DIVISION OF GENERAL MOTORS
MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN
1 AUGUST 1965 REVISION A
31 JANUARY 1966

PREFACE
This student study guide has been prepared by AC Electronics in response to;
Contract Change Order 42 to NAS 9-497
for
System Assembly and Test, Inertial
Measurement Unit, Coupling Display Unit
Power and Servo Assembly - Project APOLLO
This study guide contains training material and should be used for instructional purposes
only.
ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Section I Introduction to the G&N System 1-1
Block 1.1 Guidance and Navigation Requirements 1-1
1.1.1 Inertial Guidance 1-1
1.1.2 Optical Navigation 1-1
Block 1.2 G&N System Interface 1-1
1.2.1 Spacecraft Systems Interface 1-1
1. 2.1.1 Stabilization and Control System 1-1
1.2.1.2 Service Propulsion System 1-4
1.2.1.3 Reaction Control Systems 1-4
1.2.1.4 Electrical Power System 1-4
1.2.1.5 Environmental Control System 1-5
1. 2.1. 6 Communication and Instrumentation System 1-5
1.2.2 Astronaut Interfaces 1-5
Block 1.3 G&N Systems 1-6
1.3.1 G&N System Equipment 1-6
1.3.2 Inertial Subsystem 1-8
1.3.3 Optical Subsystem 1-11
1.3.4 Computer Subsystem 1-11
Block 1.4 G&N System Functions and Relation to Mission Phases 1-12
1.4.1 Prelaunch IMU Alignment 1-12
1.4.2 Guidance Monitor 1-12
1.4.3 Oribtal Navigation 1-12
1.4.4 Inflight IMU Alignment 1-12
1.4.5 Injection 1-18
1.4.6 Midcourse Navigation 1-18
1.4.7 Midcourse Correction 1-18
1.4.8 Entry 1-18
1.4.9 Attitude Control 1-18
Block 1.5 Summary 1-18
Review Questions for Section I 1-24
Section II Introduction to the Inertial Subsystem 2-1
Block 2.1 ISS Purpose 2-1
Block 2.2 ISS Equipment 2-1
Block 2.3 ISS Functional Blocks 2-3
2.3.1 Navigation Base 2-3
2.3.2 Inertial Measurement Unit Structure 2-3
2.3.3 Temperature Control and Indicator Circuits 2-3
2.3.4 Stabilization Loop 2-5
2.3.5 Coarse Align Amplifiers 2-5
2.3.6 Fine Align Torquing Electronics 2-5
iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont)
Page
2.3.7 Accelerometer Loops 2-5
2.3.8 Coupling Display Units and Electronics 2-6
2.3.9 Resolving Network 2-6
2.3.10 Lower Display and Control Panel 2-6
2.3.11 Main Display and Control Panel 2-7
2.3.12 Power Supplies 2-7
2.3.13 Malfunction Detection Circuits 2-7
2. 3.14 Mode Switching Circuit 2-7
Block 2.4 Summary 2-7
Review Questions for Section II 2-8
Section III Description and Mechanization of the Inertial Measurement Unit 3-1
Block 3.1 IMU Gimbal Assemblies 3-1
3.1.1 Stable Member 3-1
3.1.2 Inter-Gimbal Assembly 3-1
3.1.3 Middle Gimbal 3-3
3.1.4 Outer Gimbal 3-3
3.1.5 Gimbal Case 3-3
Block 3.2 Axes 3-3
Block 3.3 Stabilization Loop 3-13
3.3.1 Stabilization Loop Operation 3-13
3.3.2 Stabilization Loop Mechanization 3-13
3. 3. 2.1 25 Inertial Reference Integrating Gyro 3-16
3.3.2.2 Angular Differentiating Accelerometer 3-18
3.3.2.3 ADA Preamplifier 3-22
3.3.2.4 25 IRIG Preamplifier 3-22
3.3.2.5 Gimbal Servo Amplifier 3-22
3.3.2.6 Torque Motors 3-22
Block 3.4 Gyro Torquing Operation 3-24
3.4.1 Ternary Current Switch 3-24
3.4.2 Calibration Module 3-24
Block 3.5 Accelerometer Loop 3-29
3.5.1 Accelerometer Loop Operation 3-29
3.5.2 Accelerometer Loop Mechanization 3-29
3.5.2.1 16 PIP 3-29
3.5.2.2 AC Differential Amplifier 3-32
3.5.2.3 Interrogator 3-32
3.5.2.4 Binary Current Switch 3-33
3.5.2.5 Calibration Module 3-33
3.5.2. 6 Constant Current Source 3-36
3.5.2.7 Forward-Backward Counter 3-36
Block 3.6 Summary 3-37
Review Questions for Section III 3-41
IV
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