apollo 16 mission report august 1972

393 Pages·2015·8.21 MB·English

MSC-07230
·NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACEA DMINISTRATION
APOLOL 16 MISSIONR EPORT
1
"'
DISTRIBUTIAONND REFERENCING
.
; Thisp aperi sn ots uitabfloer g eneradli .stribuotrri eofnerencinIgtm. a y be referenced
•
onlyi no therw orkingc orrespondenacned d ocumentsb y participating organixations.
MANNED SPACECRAFTC ENTER
HOUSTON,TEXAS
AUGSUT1 972
APOLLOS PACECRAFFTL IGHTH IS'NRY
Missionr eport
Mission number S;Qacecraf't DescriE:tion Latmchd ate Latmchs ite
PA-l Postlaunch BP-6 Firstp ad abort Nov. 1963 WhiteS ands
7,
memorandum MissileR ange,
N. Mex.
A-001 !>flC-A-R-64-1 BP-12 Transonica bort May 13, 1964 WhiteS ands
MissileR ange,
N. Mex.
------;·
.AS-101 !>flC-A-R-64-2 BP-13 Nominall al.Ulch and Mey 28, 1964 CapeK ennedy, I
exite nvironment Fla.
.AS-102 !>flC-A-R-64-3 BP-15 Nominal.l al.Ulch and Sept.1 8, 1964 CapeK ennedy,
eXit environment Fla.
A-002 !>flC-A-R-615 - BP-23 Maximwnd ynamic Dec. 8, 1964 WhiteS ands
pressurea bort MissileR ange,
N. Mex.
AS-103 MPR-SAT-FE-66-4 BP-16 Micrometeoroid Feb. 16, 1965 CapeK ennedy,
(MSFC) experiment Fla.
A-003 MJC-A-R-65-2 BP-22 Low-altitudea bort 19, 1965 WhiteS ands
(plannedh igh- May MissileR ange,
altitudea bort) N. Mex.
AS-104 Not published BP-26 Micrometeoroid May 25, 1965 Cape Kennedy,
experimenatn d Fla.
service module
reactionc ontrol
systeml aunch
environment
PA-2 !>flC-A-R-65-3 BP-23A Secondp ad abort June 29, 1965 WhiteS ands
MissileR ange,
N. Mex.
AS-105 Not published BP-9A Micrometeoroid July 30, 1965 Cape Kennedy,
experimenatn d Fla.
servicem odule
reaction control
systeml aunch
environment
A-004 MsC-A-R-66-3 SC-002 Power-ont umbling Jan. 20, 1966 White Sands
boundarya bort MissileR ange,
N. Mex.
AS-201 MSC-A-R-66-4 SC-009 Supercircular Feb.2 6, 1966 CapeK ennedy,
entryw ithh igh Fla.
heat rate
AS-202 MJC-A-R-66-5 SC-Oll Supercircular Aug.2 5, 1966 CapeK ennedy,
entry with high Fla.
heat load
(Continueidn sideb ack cover)
MSC0-7230
\
APOLLO MISSIORNE POR'r
16
\\
PREPAREDB Y
MissioEnv aluation Team
APPROVEBDY
� ,� 7/J�vv:C
· OwenG .M orris
ManagerA,p ollSop acecraPfrto gram
NATIONAL AERONAAUNTDSI PCASC EA DMINISTRATION
MANNED SPACECRACFrE NTER
HOUSTONT,E XAS
Augus1t9 72
Apollo lift-off,
16
iii
TABLEO F CONTENTS
Section Page
1.0S UMMARY 1-1
2.0I NTRODUCTION 2-1
3.0T RAJECTORY 3-1
3.1L AUNCAHN DT RANSLUNTARRA JECTORIES 3-1
3.2S -IVBS TAGE 3-1
• • • •
3.3L UNARO RBTI 3-1
, , • . • I I I I I
3.4T RANE:EAARNTDHE NTRYT RAJECTORY 3-9
4.0L UNARS URFACSEC IENCE 4-1
. • • . . . • • .
4.1S UMMARYO F LUNARS URFACAEC TIVITIES 4-1
42. APOLIL,UON ARS URFACEEXP ERIMENTS PACKAGE
CENTRASJT,A TION 4-1
• • • • .
4.3P ASSIVSEE ISMIECXP ERIMENT 4-10
4.4 ACTIVSEE ISMICE XPERIMENT 4-13
•
4.5L UNARS URFACMEA GNETOMETEERXP ERIMENT 4-14
46. HEATF LOWE XPERIMENT 4-14
4.7L UNARP ORTABLMAEG NETOMETER EXPERIMENT 4-16
48. FARU LTRAVIOLCEATME RA/SPECTROSECXPOEPREI MENT. 4-16
4.9C OSMIRCA YD ETCETORE XPERIMENT 4-17
41.0 SOLARW INDC OMPOSITIOENX PERIMENT 4-21
4.11 LUNARG EOLOGY 4-21
. • • • • •
41.2 SOILME CHANICESXP ERIMENT . 4-24
5.0I NFLIGHSTC IENCANED PHOTOGPRHAY 51-
51. GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETERE XPERIMENT 5-1
5.2X -RAYF LUORESCEENXPCEE RIMENT 5-2
53. ALPHA-PARTIECXLPEER IMENT 5-3
• • • •
5.4M ASSS PECTROMETERE XPERIMENT 5-4
5.5P ARTICLAENSD F IELDSS UBSATELLIETXEP ERIMENTS 5-4
5.6S -BANTDR ANSPONDEERXP ERIMENT
• • • , • • • •
5-6
iv
Section Page
5.7D OW-NLINK BISATTICR ADARO BSERVATIONS
OF THEM OON . . . . . 5-6
. . • • • .
5.8S ERVICEM ODULEO RBITALP HOTOGHRYAP 5-7
59. COMMAND MODULEO RBIATL PHOTOAGPRHY 5-12
51.0 VISUALO BSERVATIOFNRSO ML UNRA ORBIT 5-14
51.1 ULTRAVIOLETP HOTGORAPHY- EARTHA ND MOON 5-14
51.2 GEGENCSHEIFN ROML UNRA ORBIT 5-15
51.3 SKYLABC ONTMAINAITONS TUDY 5-15
51.4 APOLLWOI NDOWMET EOROIDE XPERIMENT 51-6
51.5 VISUALL IGHT FLASPHHEN OMENON 51-8
. • .
5.61 MICROBIALR ESPONSIEN S PACEENV IRONMENT 51-8
5. 71 BIOS TAECXPKER IMENT . 51-9
51.8 BONE MINERALME ASUERMENT 5-19
51.9 FLUIDE LECTR\)HPORESISI NS PACED EOMNSTRATION 5-20
6.0C OMMAND ANDS ERVICEM ODULEP ERFORMANCE . . . . . 6-1
6.1TH E RMLA,S TRUCTRUES AND MECHAINCAL SYSTEMS 6-1
6.2E LECRTICALP OWRE ANDF UELC ELLS 6-2
6.3C RYOEGNICS TORAGE 6-3
6.4C OMMUN ICATOINS 6-3
6.5I NSTUMERNTATION 6-4
6.6G UIDANCE, NAVIGIAOTN CONRTOL 6-5
AND
PROPULSION 6-10
6.8E NVIRONMENTALC ONTORL SYSTME ANDC REW
STAITONE QUIPMENT . 6�11
6.9C OTNROLSA ND DISLPAYS 6-14
6.01 EXTRAVEH ICUALRA CTIIVTYE QUPIMENT 6-14
6.11 CONUMABSL ES 6-15
• . • .
7.0L UNAR MODULEP ERFORMANCE 7-1
7.1T HERMAL,S TRUCTUARL ANDME CHANICAL SYSTMES 7-1
7.2E LECTRICAL PORW E 7-2
7.3C OMMU NICATINOS 7-2
v
Seciton Page
7.4
RADAR • 7--3
7.5G UINDCA,EN AVIGIAOTNA ND CONTROL 7-4
7.6P ROPULSION 7-01
77. ENVJ�ONMENCTOANLT ROL 7-11
7.8C ONBBULMEA.S 7-13
8.0L UNASRU FRAEC EQUINPTMEP ERFORMANCE 8-1
8.1L UNJRffiO VIVNEHGI CLE 8-1
8.2L UNJCffiO MMUNICATIORNESL AUYNI T GROUND
AND
COMMANDETDE LIESVIOANS SELMBY 8-2
8.3E XTHVAE HCIULAMRO BILUINTIYT 8-3
9.0P IL'OTSR EPORT 9-1
9.1T RAINING 9-1
92. LAUNCH 9-3
93. EAR'OrRHB ILT FALIGHT 9-4
94. TRANSLUINNAJERC TION 9-5
9.5 TRALNUSN AFRLG IHT 9-5
• .
9.6L UNARO RBAILTO PERATIPONRSI ORD ESCENT 9-12
TO
97. POW:I!.:RDEEDS CEANNTDL ANDING 9-17
9.8L UNASRU RFAOCPEE RATIONS 9-19
9.9L UNAORR BILT SAOLOOP ERAITONS 9-43
9.10A S:C�NRTE NZDOVEUSA NDDO CKING 9-47
9.11 LUN.I\ORR BITOAPLER AITON-SDO CKINTGO
TRANRSTEHIA NJECTION 9-49
9.21 TRANSERATH GFHLTI . . . . 9-52
•
9.31 ENTYR,L ANDING REOCEVRY 9-56
AND
9.41 GENE:RAOLB ERSVATIOANNSDR ECMMEO:NDIAOTNS 9-57
9.51 CREEWVA LAUTIOONFT HEM ISSION 9-77
10.0 BIODMEICLA EAVLUIAOTN 10-1
. • • • . • • .
10.1B IO�ICAILN SUTMERNATTIOANN D
PHYSOIGIOCLLA DATA 101-
10.2ME DICAOLB SERAVTIONS 10-4
vi
Section Page
10.3P HYSICEAXLAMI NATIONS 10-14
. • . . . .
10.4I MPROVEGDA/ SWATESRE PARAATNODR
FEACLC OLLECTBIAOGN 10-14
10. 5A POLLTOI MEA NDM OTIOSNTU DY 10-15
10. 6S TEREOIMECTB RODVYO LUMEME ASUREMENT 10-15
10.7V ESTUILBAFRU NCTITOENS TS 101-6
11.0 MISSNI SOUPPOPRERTF ORMANCE 11-1
11.1F LIHGTC ONTROL 11-1
11.2N ETWO.RK. . . 112-
11.3R ECOVEORPYER ATIONS 112-
12.0 ASSESSMEONFMT I SSNI OOBEJCTIVES 12-1
13.0L AUNCPHH ASSEU MMARY 13-1
13.1WE ATHCERO NDOINTSI 13-1
13.2A TOMSPHERELIECC ITCRITY 13-1
13.3LA UNVCEHH ICPLEER FORMANCE 131-
14.0 ANOMASLUYMMA RY. . .. . . . . 141-
.
14.1C OMMANDA NDS ERVICMEO DULANEO MALIES 141-
14.2L UNAMRO DULAEN OMASL IE 14-14
14.3G OVERNMENT FURNEIQSUHIEPDME ANNTO MALIES 146-6
14.4L UNASRU RFAEXCPEE IRMENTSE QUPIMENTA NOMALIES 14B-o
14. 5O RBITEAXPLER IMENTE QUIPMEANNTO MALIES 141-00
14.6L UNARRO VIVNEGH ICALNEO MALIES 141-15
15.0 CONCLUSIO.N S . 151-
• . . • • •
APPENDAI XV- EHICALNEDE QUIPMEDNETS CRIPTION A-1
A.1 COMMANDA NDS ERVICMEO DULES A-1
A.2 LUNAR MODULE A-4
A.3L UNAR SUMROFBAICLEIS TYYS TEMS A-5
A.4 EXPERIMENTE QUIPMENT A-7
A.5 MEDIACLE XPERIMENTS A-81
A.6 MASPSR OPERTI.E .S A-22
vii
Section Page
APPNEDIXB -SPACECRHAIFSTT ORIES B-1
APPENDCI -XP OSLTIii'GHTTE STING C-1
APPENDDI -XD ATAAV AAIBLILITY D-1
.
APPENDEI -XM ISSIROENP OSRPUTP LENMETS
E-1
APPENDI-XG LO:S3YA R
F ---- F-1
REFERENCES R-1
. . .
1-1
1.0S UMMARY
TheA poll1o6 s pacvee hcilew asl aucnhefdr omt heK ennye Sdpace Cen­
terL aunchC omplex3 9A)a t1 2:45:00 pm..e .s.(t71.: 45:00 G..mt.on
Apri(l1 6, 1972. Thec rewf ort himsi ssiwoenr eC aptaJionh nW .Y )o un,g
CommandeLrt.; CommadnerT homaKs. M atitnglyI I, CommanMdo dulPeil o;t
andL t. ColonCehla rlMe.sD uke, Jr. ,Lu naMro dulPei lto.
Thes pacreacft/S-cIoVbmBi ntaionw asi nsteerdi ntaon eartpha rking
orbitf ors pcaercafts ystecmhse cukto andp repatrinao fort ranlsun airn ­
jectio.n Follmringt rntashl uen airnj ectino maneurv,et hec ommaanndd
sevricem oduelsw eres epatreadf romt heS -IV:Bf orl unar moddouclkei ng
ande jetcino. Onem idcoucrosre rectwiaosrn e quriedd uirngt het rans­
lunaprh asteo a chietvhee d esiredl unaorrb iti nesrtiomann euvecro ndi­
tinos. The S-iImVpBa cpto inwta s naoctcr uaet becuase la eka int he
auxilairyp roplusino systepmr oducaendu npredctiablet hrusatn da lso
preventtheedf inatlar getimnange vuerf robm eign perofrme.d
Durintgr naslunacro as,t sai ngificantc ommaanndd s evricem odule
sysetmsp roblweams e nocunetreidn t hta ani ndciatino ofi netrila meas­
uremeunnti tgi 1nabll ocwka sr eceivbeytd h es paccrefatc ompeurtw henn o
gibmall occko nditeixoins t.e dSubsequelnyt,a sotfwarper ogrwaams u sed
toi nhbiitt he pcuoetmrf romr espondtions gu cihn idctainosd urincgr it­
icla opetrianos .A ctiviietsd urintgr naslunacro asitn culdeda cilsunar
navitgiaoenx ecris,e ultvriaolepth otoagprhyo f tehaer tha ndm oon, a
fluiedl ecpthrooriessd emotnrstaino,a ndi nevstgiatioonft hev isuallih gt
flasphh enometnhotan h asb eenex perienocnep dr eviofulsi tgsh. Thed ocked
spcaecarftw erei nsertiendt oa lunaorr biotf 1 70b y 58m ilefso llowing
a sevricper opsuilno firinogf3 749. secnods.
Prepatrinaosf orl unadres cetn proceeodnes dch eudleh;o werv,ew hile
actaitvintgh e lumnoadru lsey setms, the Ss-tbearneabdl ea netnnwaa sn ot
movalbei nt hey awp lnae. Asa resu,l ttthweo o mndiirecotnaila ntennas
wereu sefd orm osto ft her eamininlgu naorp erati.o Tnhsep owreedd escent
tot hel unasru rfawcaes d elayaepdp roxiemlay5t 3/4ho urbse cuaseo fo s­
cillaitondse teecdti na seconadryy awg ibmal actuatoonr tsheevr icep ro­
pulsino systeemn gindeu rinsgy stecmhse ck:sf otrh ec icrulazratiino maenu­
ver. A commda·nn-da-rsveciem-odule-acrteinvdeeo zuvs wpaesfr ormetdo p lace
thev ehcileisn c losper oximiwhtiyl et hep roblweams b einegv altuea.d
Testasn d ayn:a3lessh owetdht a threed undasnty stewmas s tiluls balea nd
safe, haidtb eenre qiuredT.h eref,o rtevheeh iclewse res eparaatgeadi r
andt hem issiocno nitnuedo na reivsde timenle.i
Thel unamro dulwea sl andde approximat2e7l6my e ternso rwthesto f tl::.e
plnanelda ndisnigt aet a bout1 041 /2ho ursA.bo ut1 00s eocndso fh over
timere manied toucohwdn.T hel andicnogo rdtienswa ere8 degre5e9sm i.n­
a:t
utes2 9s econdssou thl atituadned1 5d egre3e0sm inuets5 2s econdesa st