Apollo 15 Preliminary Science Report PDF
Preview Apollo 15 Preliminary Science Report
NASASP-289 NATIONALAERONAUTICS ,ANDSPACEADMINISTRATION PML LIBRARY ACC.fl /23 APOLLO 15 PRELIMINARY SCIENCE REPORT View of layering and outcrops in the western wall of Hadley Rille. NASA SP-289 Preliminary Science Report PREPARED BY NASA MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER ,jW/f_RB_, _._, Scie_ztificaridTech_zica!In[ormation Office 1972 _"-_'_4r/_ NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Washington, D.C. EDITORIAL BOARD The material submitted for the "Apollo 15Preliminary Science Report" was reviewed by a NASA Editorial Review Board consisting of the following members: Joseph P. Allen (Chairman), Keith F. Anderson, Richard R. Baldwin, Roy L. Cox, Helen N. Foley, Robert L. Giesecke, Richard H. Koos, Robert Mercer, William C. Phinney, Floyd I. Rober- son, and Scott H. Simpkinson. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $8.00 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-185106 25. ORBITAL-SCIENCE PHOTOGRAPHY 25-1 PART A. VISUAL OBSERVATIONS FROM LUNAR ORBIT 25-1 Farouk El-Baz and Alfred M. Worden PART B. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ANALYSIS OF APOLLO 15 RECORDS 25-27 Frederick J. Doyle PART C. PHOTOGRAMMETRY OF APOLLO 15PHOTOGRAPHY 25-36 Sherman S.C. Wu,Francis J. Schafer, Raymond Jordan, Gary M. Nakata, and James L. Derick PART D. APOLLO 15LASER ALTIMETER 25-48 F.L Roberson and W.MoKaula PART E. SURFACE DISTURBANCES AT THE APOLLO 15 LANDING SITE 25-50 N.If. Hinners and Farouk E1-Baz PART F. REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF HADLEY RILLE 25-53 Keith A. Howard and James W.Head PART G. LINEAMENTS THAT ARE ARTIFACTS OF LIGHTING 25-58 Keith A. Howard and Bradley R. Larsen PART H. SKETCH MAP OF THE REGION AROUND CANDIDATE L1TTROW APOLLO LANDING SITES 25-63 M.H. Carr PART I. THE CINDER FIELD OF THE TAURUS MOUNTAINS 25-66 Farouk El-Baz PART J. PRELIMINARY GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE REGION AROUND THE CANDIDATE PROCLUS APOLLO LANDING SITE 25-72 Don E. Wilhelms PART K. GEOLOGIC SKETCH MAP OF THE CANDIDATE PROCLUS APOLLO LANDING SITE 25-76 Baerbel Koesters Lucekitta PART L. SELECTED VOLCANIC FEATURES 25-81 Mareta N. West PART M. MARE IMBRIUM LAVA FLOWS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO COLOR BOUNDARIES 25-83 Ewen A. Whitaker PART N. AN UNUSUAL MARE FEATURE 25-84 Ewen A. Whitaker PART O. REGIONAL VARIATIONS INTHE MAGNITUDE OF HEILIGEN- SCHEIN AND CAUSAL CONNECTIONS 25-86 Robert L. Wildey ix PART P. THE PROCESS OF CRATER REMOVAL IN THE LUNAR MARIA 25-87 L.A. Soderblom PART Q. CRATER-SHADOWING EFFECTS AT LOWSUN ANGLES 25-92 H.J. Moore PART R. NEAR-TERMINATOR PHOTOGRAPHY 25-95 J.W.Head and D.D. Lloyd PART S. FIRST EARTHSHINE PHOTOGRAPHY FROM LUNAR ORBIT 25-101 D.D. Lloyd and J.W.Head PART T. ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOGRAPHY 25-108 L. Dunkelman, tLD. Mercer, C.L. Ross, and A. Worden APPENDIX A-Glossary A-1 APPENDIX B-Acronyms B-1 APPENDIX C-Units and Unit-Conversion Factors C-1 APPENDIX D-Lunar-Surface Panoramic Views D-1 Foreword In richness of scientific return, the Apollo 15voyage to the plains at Hadley compares with voyages of Darwin's H.M.S. Beagle, and those of the Endeavour and Resolution. Just as those epic ocean voyages set the stage for a revolution in the biological sciences and exploration generally, soalso the flight of Falcon and Endeavor did the same in planetary and Earth sciences and willguide the course of future explorations. The boundary achievements of Apollo 15 cannot now be established. As an author of a following paper points out, the mission was not finished at splashdown in the Pacific, nor later with painstaking analysis in scores of laboratories of the samples and cores brought back, nor with careful study of the photographic imagery and instrument traces returned home. For the distinctive fact is that the mission isnot yet over. Data still flow in daily from the isotope-powered station emplaced on the plain at Hadley, and from the Moon-encircling scientific satellite left in orbit. This data flow is of exceptional value because it now affords, for the first time, a triangulation of lunar events perceived by the three physically separated scientific stations that man has left on the Moon. This volume is the first, though assuredly not the final, effort to assemble a comprehensive accounting of the scientific knowledge so far acquired through this remarkable mission. Dr. James C.Fletcher Administrator National Aeronautics and Space Administration December 8, 1971 Contents Page INTRODUCTION xi A.J. Calio 1. MISSION DESCRIPTION 1-1 Richard R. Baldwin 2. SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 2-1 Joseph P. Allen 3. PHOTOGRAPHIC SUMMARY 3-1 John W.Dietrich and Uel S. Clanton 4. CREW OBSERVATIONS 4-1 David R. Scott, Alfred M. Worden, and James B. Irwin 5. PRELIMINARY GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION OF THE APOLLO 15LAND- 5-1 ING SITE G.A. Swann, N.G. Bailey. R.M. Batson, V.L. Freeman, M.H. Hair, J.W.Head, H.E. Holt, K.A. Howard. J.B. Irwin, K.B. Larson, W.R. Muehlberger, V.S. Reed, J.J. Rennilson, G.G. Schaber, D.R. Scott, L.T. Silver, R.L. Sutton, G.E. 07rich, H.G. Wilshire,and E.W. Wolfe 6-1 6. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF LUNAR SAMPLES The Lunar Sample Preliminary Examination Team 7. SOIL-MECHANICS EXPERIMENT 7-1 J.K. Mitchell, L.G. Bromwell, W.D. Carrier, 111,N.C. Costes, W.N. Houston, and R.F. Scott 8. PASSIVE SEISMIC EXPERIMENT 8-1 Gary V. Latham, Maurice Ewing, Frank Press, George Sutton, James Dorman, Yosio Nakamura, Nail Toksoz, David Lammlein, and Fred Duennebier 9. LUNAR-SURFACE MAGNETOMETER EXPERIMENT 9-1 P. Dya# C.W.Parkin, and C.P.Sonett 10. SOLAR-WIND SPECTROMETER EXPERIMENT 10-1 Douglas R. Clay, Bruce E. Goldstein, Marcia Neugebauer, and Conway W. Snyder vii
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