AP Physics Laboratory Manual - Great Neck Public Schools PDF
Preview AP Physics Laboratory Manual - Great Neck Public Schools
AP Physics Laboratory Manual (COVER) 2013‐2014 Intentional Blank Page Great Neck South AP Physics Lab Manual 0 - Introductory Materials A01-02 - 1 - Scale Drawing, Angle Measure, Smart Labs B01-B16 40 min 6a - Spark timer notes for acceleration lab 6 XT1-XT3 6 - Acceleration with Car and Spark Timer G01-G09 80 min 7 - Free Fall H01-H06 40 min 8 - Projectile - ??? - TBD 80 min 12 - Centripetal Force M01-M06 80 min 13 - Measuring Power N01-N05 40 min 15 - Springs - Hooke's Law and Potential Energy P01-P05 80 min 16 - Conservation of Momentum and Collisions Q01-Q05 40 min 17 - Static Electricity Lab R01-R04 80 min 21 - Simple Circuit Investigation Lab V01-V04 80 min 24 - Pendulum Lab Y01-Y06 80 min 26 - Speed of Sound AA1-AA2 40 min 27 - Refraction with Laser AB1-AB6 80 min APPENDIX 28 - Buoyancy AD1-AD2 40 min 29 - Newtons Laws Super Lab AE1-AE5 80 min TOC Intentional Blank Page TOC Making A Graph Using Excel 2007 Step 1) Type in your data without units. X data goes in column A and Y data goes in column B Step 2) Click on the 1st number under “A” and select both sets of data (image below shows selected data) Step 3) Choose the Insert Tab Step 4) Select the Scatter type Plot Step 5) Choose the plot that makes points only A01 Step 6) – Graph is made – But there is no line and no Title or axis labels. Change the Chart Layout by clicking the first layout option button Titles are now shown on the chart (as seen below) Step 7) Change the titles and axis labels. Double click the title you want to change, type your new title, hit enter. Be sure to put units with the values on the axis and make the chart title using the proper Y vs X notation. Step 8) Add a trendline – Right click any one of the data points and choose the add trendline options. When the format trendline option box opens, move it to the side so you can see your graph and try the different trendline types to see which one fits your data the best. Sometimes it is linear, but sometimes a curved trendline is a better fit, try them all to see the best one. Special Note: In this same format trendline box you will see a check box at the bottom labeled “Display Equation on Chart”. This will put the equation of the line of your graph on the chart and can be useful for finding slopes. Step 9) Printing – You have two options to print. If you click on the chart first, and then hit print, the chart will be printed on a whole page. Or you can copy the chart and paste it into Microsoft Word and resize it as part of another document. A02 Intro LAB 1 Scale Drawings, Angle Measure and Interpretation of Lab Data Name: ______________________________________________________________________ B1 1. Angle Measure – Using Protractors A protractor is the device that we usually use to measure angles. Use of a protractor is rather simple. Be precise when using a protractor, make sure the base of the protractor lines up correctly with the line you are measuring the angle from and be sure the point where the lines intersect is directly in the center point of the protractor. Often you have to extend the lines that make the angle you are measuring so that they will fall on the scale and you can accurately read where they line up. Using a protractor is best learned by viewing examples. Let’s look at a few examples. You want to measure the angle in the bottom left corner of this triangle. Place the protractor as shown below. Be sure that the point on the left corner of the triangle is in the center of the protractor and the bottom line of the triangle is exactly lined up on the 0 degree part of the protractor Angle we are measuring Zero degree mark Now all we do is look at the scale on the protractor to see where the line hits it. Note there are two scales on the protractor along the arc (one on the top and one underneath it). Looking at our scale, we see the angle is either 62° or 122°. Looking at the triangle we know the angle is less than 90 so we choose the 62° measure. Another protractor example. B2 You are measuring the angle between the two sides that intersect at the top This line is You look to see where the line on the 0 intersects the scale. degree mark Again you know the angle must be less than 90 degress. So you choose the 66 degree measure. 66 degrees away from the 0 degree line Sometimes you have to be creative to measure the angles of real life things because they can be a little awkward. One trick you might try is to use a string in various ways so you can extend the side of something and get a decent angle measure. You could also try to trace a portion of something on paper, or fold the paper to imitate the angle that you want to measure. B3 2. Scale Drawings What is a "Scale" Drawing? A scale drawing is a miniature version of a real life thing that is drawn to proportion so that if you took the drawing and enlarged it to be the actual size, it would exactly resemble the real life object. When making a scale drawing be sure to use a ruler and a protractor. Measure the lines you are going to draw, make them straight and measure angles properly with a protractor if needed. Making your own Scale Drawing The distance from NY to CA is approximately 3000 miles. If you wanted to make a scale drawing of the road on your paper, you can't make a line that is 3000 miles long. You have to establish a scale. When making a scale drawing, ALWAYS USE THE CENTIMETERS PART OF YOUR RULER (cm). Each centimeter is broken into 10 equal divisions and is easier to use. The first part of making a scale drawing is choosing a scale. You should choose your scale so that your drawing is not too small and not too large. It takes some practice and experience to choose a scale but a little trial and error will give you an adequate drawing. You can often look at the largest dimension you need to draw to determine what scale you should use. In the example above with the road from NY to CA, a scale of 1 cm = 500 mi would be appropriate. With this scale, your road would be 6 cm long. Your scale will always be of the form [ 1 cm = X ] which states that every 1 cm you draw on paper represents X units of the real life dimension B4
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