Aortic Arch Surgery: Principles, Strategies and Outcomes

400 Pages·2008·12.45 MB·English

by  Joseph S.

Aortic
A
rch
Surgery
Aortic Arch Surgery: Principles, Strategies and Outcomes. Edited By Joseph S. Coselli, Scott A. LeMaire.
© 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-4051-3361-6
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to our wives and families for
their love and support; to our patients for their bravery; and
to our teachers, residents, and colleagues for their inspiration.
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A
ORTIC
A
RCH
S
URGERY
Principles, Strategies and Outcomes
Edited by
Joseph S. Coselli, MD
Scott A. LeMaire, MD
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This edition fi rst published 2008
© 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Aortic arch surgery : principles, strategies, and outcomes / edited by Joseph S. Coselli, Scott A. LeMaire.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-3361-6 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-4051-3361-9 (alk. paper)
1. Aorta--Surgery. I. Coselli, Joseph S. II. LeMaire, Scott A.
[DNLM: 1. Aortic Diseases--surgery. 2. Aorta, Thoracic--surgery.
3. Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures--adverse eff ects. 4. Postoperative
Complications--prevention & control. WG 410 A6386 2007]
RD598.A595 2007
617.4’13--dc22
2007022956
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
9.5/12 Palatino by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai, India
Printed in Singapore by Utopia Press Pte Ltd
1 2008
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Contents
Contributors, vii
Part III: Strategies for Intra-operative
Introduction, xi Management and Neurologic
Joseph S. Coselli and Scott A. LeMaire Protection
Chapter 8: Anesthetic management, 91
John R. Cooper, Jr
Part I: General Principles
Chapter 9: Options for exposure: from minimal
Chapter 1: Historical perspective – the evolution of access to total aortic replacement, 98
aortic arch surgery, 3 Lars G. Svensson
Denton A. Cooley
Chapter 10: Monitoring the brain: near-infrared
Chapter 2: Surgical anatomy, 12 spectroscopy, 114
Thoralf M. Sundt, III and Marc A.A.M. Schepens and
Carl G. Clingman Frans G.J. Waanders
Chapter 11: Monitoring the brain: jugular venous
Chapter 3: Natural history: evidence-based indications
oxygen saturation, 125
for operation, 19
Jock N. McCullough
John A. Eleft eriades
Chapter 12: Monitoring the brain: transcranial
Doppler, 128
Harvey L. Edmonds, Jr, Mary H. Thomas,
Part II: Imaging Techniques
Brian L. Ganzel, and Erle H. Austin, III
Chapter 4: Aortography, 31 Chapter 13: Hypothermic circulatory arrest, 135
Charles Trinh, Mark Skolkin, and M. Arisan Ergin
Richard Fisher
Chapter 14: Direct antegrade cerebral perfusion, 153
Chapter 5: Computed tomography, 39 Teruhisa Kazui
Salvatore G. Viscomi, Alejandra
Chapter 15: Antegrade cerebral perfusion via the
Duran-Mendicuti, Frank J. Rybicki, and
axillary artery, 159
Stephen Ledbett er
Hitoshi Ogino
Chapter 6: Magnetic resonance imaging, 58 Chapter 16: Retrograde cerebral perfusion, 167
Amgad N. Makaryus and Robert S. Bonser and
Lawrence M. Boxt Deborah K. Harrington
Chapter 7: Echocardiography, 73 Chapter 17: Perfusion strategies for brain protection:
Benjamin A. Kohl, John G. Augoustides, and rationale for a selective approach, 177
Albert T. Cheung Lars G. Svensson
v
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Contents
Chapter 27: Chronic dissection, 266
Part IV: Options for Aortic Repair
Stephen Westaby and Gabriele Bertoni
Chapter 18: Distal anastomosis fi rst: the traditional Chapter 28: Degenerative aneurysms, 283
approach, 187 John Bozinovski, Scott A. LeMaire, and
Jean E. Bachet Joseph S. Coselli
Chapter 19: Alternative approaches: the Chapter 29: Trauma, 297
arch- fi rst technique, 199 Matt hew J. Wall, Jr, Dawn E. Jaroszewski, and
Nicholas T. Kouchoukos and Paolo Masett i Kenneth L. Matt ox
Chapter 20: Alternative approaches: the Chapter 30: Atherosclerotic occlusive disease, 307
proximal- fi rst technique, 208 Geza Mozes, Peter Gloviczki, and
Ryuji Tominaga Ying Huang
Chapter 21: Alternative approaches: trifurcated Chapter 31: Infl ammatory diseases, 322
graft technique, 216 Motomi Ando
David Spielvogel, James C. Halstead, Chapter 32: Resection for malignancy, 328
and Randall B. Griepp Clemens Aigner, Marek Ehrlich,
Walter Klepetko, and Ernst Wolner
Chapter 22: Alternative approaches: intraluminal
aortic ring, 225
Rodrigo de Castro Bernardes
Chapter 23: Alternative approaches: endovascular Part VI: Neurological Complications
stent-graft s, 235
Martin Czerny and Martin Grabenwoger Chapter 33: Pathophysiology, 337
Christopher J. Barreiro and
Chapter 24: Surgical adhesives, 241
William A. Baumgartner
Scott A. LeMaire, Stacey A. Carter, and
Joseph S. Coselli Chapter 34: Evaluation and management, 343
Eugene C. Lai
Chapter 35: Outcomes measurement:
Part V: Surgical Treatment of Specifi c neuropsychological testing, 350
Problems Robert A. Baker, John Murkin, and
David A. Stump
Chapter 25: Congenital anomalies in adults, 249 Chapter 36: Outcomes measurement:
Lars G. Svensson biochemical markers, 371
Per Johnsson
Chapter 26: Acute dissection, 258
John A. Eleft eriades Index, 381
vi
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Contributors
Robert A. Baker, PhD, CCP (Aus), Dip Perf
Editors
Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Director of Research and Perfusion,
Flinders Medical Centre, Senior Lecturer, Flinders University,
Joseph S. Coselli, MD
Bedford Park, SA, Australia
Professor and Cullen Foundation Endowed Chair, Division of
Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of William A. Baumgartner, MD
Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine;
Cardiac Surgeon-in-Charge and Vincent L. Gott Professor,
and Chief, Adult Cardiac Surgery, the Texas Heart Institute at
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Division of Cardiac
St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
Surgery, Baltimore, MD, USA
Scott A. LeMaire, MD Christopher J. Barreiro, MD
Associate Professor, Director of Research, Division of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Division of Cardiac
Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baltimore, MD, USA
Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine;
Gabriele Bertoni, MD
and Cardiovascular Surgery Staff , the Texas Heart Institute at
St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital; Houston TX, USA Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliff e Hospital, Oxford, UK
Rodrigo de Castro Bernardes, MD
Chief of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mater Dei Hospital;
Contributors and Chief of Cardiovascular Surgery, Madre Teresa Hospital Heart
Institute, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Clemens Aigner, MD
Robert S. Bonser, MD, FRCP, FRCS, FESC
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University
of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Professor, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth
Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Motomi Ando, MD
Lawrence M. Boxt, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujita Health University,
Divisions of Cardiology and Radiology, North Shore Long Island
Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
John G. Augoustides, MD John Bozinovski, MD, MSc, FRCSC
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Assistant Professor, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E.
Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine;
PA, USA and Cardiovascular Surgery Staff , The Texas Heart Institute at
St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
Erle H. Austin, III, MD
Stacey A. Carter, BA
Department of Surgery (Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery),
Medical Student, The University of Texas Health Science
University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Jean E. Bachet, MD, FEBTCS Albert T. Cheung, MD
Consultant Cardio-Vascular Surgeon, Département de Path§ologie Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care,
Cardiaque, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
vii
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Contributors
Carl G. Clingman, MA Randall B. Griepp, MD
Medical Illustrator, Section of Illustration and Design, Academic Aortic Surgical Program, Westchester Medical
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Center, Valhalla;
and The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
Denton A. Cooley, MD
President and Surgeon-in-Chief, the Texas Heart Institute at James C. Halstead, MD
St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital; Academic Aortic Surgical Program, Westchester Medical
and Clinical Professor, the University of Texas Medical School at Center, Valhalla;
Houston; Houston, TX, USA and The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
John R. Cooper, Jr, MD Deborah K. Harrington, MD, MRCS
Professor, Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital,
Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Texas Heart Institute at St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital, Houston,
TX, USA Ying Huang, MD, PhD
Edward S. Rogers Clinical Research Fellow, Division of Vascular
Martin Czerny, MD Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Vienna
Medical School, Vienna, Austria Dawn E. Jaroszewski, MD, MBA
Assistant Professor, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo
Alejandra Duran-Mendicuti, MD Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Scott sdale, AZ, USA
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Per Johnsson, MD, PhD
Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon, Head of Department of
Harvey L. Edmonds, Jr, PhD, FASNM Coronary Artery Disease, Center for Heart and Lung Disease,
Director of Cardiovascular Services, Surgical Monitoring Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
Associates Inc., Springfi eld, PA, USA
Teruhisa Kazui, MD, PhD
Marek Ehrlich, MD Professor and Chairman, First Department of Surgery,
Associate Professor, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Hamamatsu, Japan
John A. Elefteriades, MD Walter Klepetko, MD
Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiothoracic Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University
Surgery, New Haven, CT, USA of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
M. Arisan Ergin, MD Benjamin A. Kohl, MD
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and
Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ, USA Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Richard Fisher, MD Nicholas T. Kouchoukos, MD
Professor, Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Att ending Cardiovascular Surgeon, Division of Cardiovascular
Houston, TX, USA and Thoracic Surgery, Missouri Baptist Medical Center,
St Louis, MO, USA
Brian L. Ganzel, MD
Department of Surgery (Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery), Eugene C. Lai, MD, PhD
University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA Professor of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine;
and Director, Parkinson’s Disease Research, Education and Clinical
Peter Gloviczki, MD Center, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Aff airs Medical Center,
Professor of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
and Chair, Division of Vascular Surgery;
and Director, Gonda Vascular Center, Mayo Clinic and Stephen Ledbetter, MD, MPH
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
Rochester, MN, USA Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Martin Grabenwoger, MD Amgad N. Makaryus, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Hietzing, Divisions of Cardiology and Radiology, North Shore Long Island
Vienna, Austria Jewish Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA
viii
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Contributors
Paolo Masetti, MD David A. Stump, PhD
Associate Surgeon, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest Unversity School of
Surgery, Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis, MO, USA Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Kenneth L. Mattox, MD Thoralf M. Sundt, III, MD
Professor and Vice Chairman, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Professor of Surgery and Consultant, Division of Cardiovascular
Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine; Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
and Chief of Staff and Chief of Surgery, Ben Taub General Hospital,
Houston, TX, USA Lars G. Svensson, MD, PhD
Director, Center for Aortic Surgery, Marfan and Connective Tissue
Jock N. McCullough, MD Disorder Clinic, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular
Cardiac Surgeon, Department of Surgery-Cardiac Surgery, Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
Mary H. Thomas, MA
Geza Mozes, MD, PhD Neuromonitoring Associates Inc., Louisville, KY, USA
Consultant, Division of Vascular Surgery, Gonda Vascular Center,
Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Ryuji Tominaga, MD, PhD
Rochester, MN, USA Professor and Chairman, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,
Deceased Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
John Murkin, MD Charles Trinh, MD
London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Anesthesia, Assistant Professor and Service Chief, Baylor Clinic Diagnostic
University Campus, London, Ontario, Canada Imaging, Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX, USA
Hitoshi Ogino, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cardiovascular Salvatore G. Viscomi, MD
Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Frank J. Rybicki, MD, PhD
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Frans G.J. Waanders, ECCP
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Dutch Perfusion Service, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein,
The Netherlands
Marc A.A.M. Schepens, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Matthew J. Wall, Jr, MD
Nieuwegein, The Netherlands Professor, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor
College of Medicine;
Mark Skolkin, MD and Deputy Chief of Surgery, Ben Taub General Hospital, Houston,
Chief of Radiology, St Luke’s Episcopal Hospital; TX, USA
and Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of
Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Stephen Westaby, BSc, PhD, MS, FRCS,
Houston, TX, USA FETCS, FESC
Oxford Heart Centre, John Radcliff e Hospital, Oxford, UK
David Spielvogel, MD
Academic Aortic Surgical Program, Westchester Medical Ernst Wolner, MD
Center,Valhalla; Professor of Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,
and The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
ix
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