Anxiety disorders and depression in older adults

212 Pages·2013·5.27 MB·English

by  Karin Hek

Anxiety disorders and depression in older adults
Karin Hek
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The work described in this thesis was conducted at the Epidemiological and Social
Psychiatric Research institute, Department of Psychiatry and the Department of
Epidemiology of the Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
The studies presented in this thesis were funded by BavoEuropoort.
The Rotterdam Study is funded by Erasmus MC and Erasmus University Rotterdam;
the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, the Ministry
of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the
European Commission (DG XII), and the Municipality of Rotterdam. The generation
and management of GWAS genotype data for the Rotterdam Study is supported
by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments (nr.
175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012). This study is funded by the Research Institute for
Diseases in the Elderly (014-93-015; RIDE2), and the Netherlands Genomics Initiative
(NGI)/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) project nr. 050-060-
810.
Financial support for the publication of this thesis was kindly provided by the
Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research institute, Department of Psychiatry,
Erasmus MC, Quofarma BV te Haarzuilens and Servier Nederland Farma B.V.
Cover: Kika Brinkman
Lay-out: Ferdinand van Nispen, Citroenvlinder-dtp.nl, Bilthoven
Printing: GVO drukkers & vormgevers B.V. | Ponsen & Looijen, Ede
ISBN: 978-90-6464-645-4
© Karin Hek, 2013
No part of this thesis may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted
in any form or by any means, without permission from the author or, when
appropriate, from the publishers of the publications.
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Anxiety Disorders and Depression in Older Adults
Angststoornissen en depressie bij ouderen
Proefschrift
ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
op gezag van de
rector magnificus
Prof.dr. H.G. Schmidt
en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties.
De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op
woensdag 24 april 2013 om 13.30 uur
door
Karin Hek
geboren te Nieuwegein
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Promotiecommissie
Promotoren Prof.dr. C.L. Mulder
Prof.dr. H. Tiemeier
Overige leden Prof.dr. W.J.G. Hoogendijk
Prof.dr. B. Franke
Prof.dr. A.G. Uitterlinden
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Publications and manuscripts in this thesis
Chapter 2
K Hek, H Tiemeier, RS Newson, HJ Luijendijk, A Hofman, CL Mulder. Anxiety disorders
and comorbid depression in community-dwelling older adults. International Journal of
Methods in Psychiatric Research 2011; 20(3): 157-168.
Chapter 3
K Hek, H Tiemeier, N Aarts, BHCh Stricker, A Hofman, AI Wierdsma, CL Mulder. Mental
health service use of community-dwelling older adults with anxiety disorders. In
preparation.
Chapter 4
K Hek, N Direk, RS Newson, A Hofman, WJG Hoogendijk, CL Mulder, H Tiemeier.
Anxiety disorders and salivary cortisol levels in older adults. A population-based study.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38(2): 300-305.
Chapter 5
RS Newson, K Hek, HJ Luijendijk, A Hofman, JC Witteman en H Tiemeier. Atherosclerosis
and incident depression in later life. Archives of General Psychiatry 2010; 67: 1144-1151.
Chapter 6
K Hek, CL Mulder, HJ Luijendijk, CM van Duijn, A Hofman, AG Uitterlinden en H Tiemeier.
The PCLO gene and depressive disorders: replication in a population-based study.
Human Molecular Genetics 2010; 19: 731-734.
Chapter 7
K Hek, A Demirkan, J Lahti, A Terracciano, A Teumer, MC Cornelis, N Amin, E Bakshis, J
Baumert, J Ding, Y Liu, K Marciante, O Meirelles, MA Nalls, YV Sun, N Vogelzangs, L Yu,
S Bandinelli, EJ Benjamin, DA Bennett, D Boomsma, A Cannas, LH Coker, E de Geus, PL
De Jager, AV Diez-Roux, S Purcell, FB Hu, EB Rimm, DJ Hunter, MK Jensen, G Curhan, K
Rice, AD Penman, JI Rotter, N Sotoodehnia, R Emeny, JG Eriksson, DA Evans, L Ferrucci,
M Fornage, V Gudnason, A Hofman, T Illig, S Kardia, M Kelly-Hayes, K Koenen, P Kraft, M
Kuningas, JM Massaro, D Melzer, A Mulas, CL Mulder, A Murray, BA Oostra, A Palotie, B
Penninx, A Petersmann, LC Pilling, B Psaty, R Rawal, EM Reiman, A Schulz, JM Shulman,
AB Singleton, AV Smith, AR Sutin, AG Uitterlinden, H Völzke, E Widen, K Yaffe, AB
Zonderman, F Cucca, T Harris, K-H Ladwig, DJ Llewellyn, K Räikkönen, T Tanaka, CM van
Duijn, HJ Grabe, LJ Launer, KL Lunetta, TH Mosley Jr., AB Newman, H Tiemeier, J Murabito.
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A genome-wide association study of depressive symptoms. Biological Psychiatry 2013.
[in press]
Chapter 8
A Demirkan, BW Penninx, K Hek, NR Wray, N Amin, YS Aulchenko, R van Dyck, EJ de Geus,
A Hofman, AG Uitterlinden, JJ Hottenga, WA Nolen, BA Oostra, PF Sullivan, G Willemsen,
FG Zitman, H Tiemeier, AC Janssens, DI Boomsma, CM van Duijn, CM Middeldorp.
Genetic risk profiles for depression and anxiety in adult and elderly cohorts. Molecular
Psychiatry 2011; 16: 773-783.
Chapter 9
HJ Luijendijk, K Hek, MM Glymour, A Hofman, H Tiemeier, X Koolman. Obesity and
incident depression: findings from conventional and Mendelian randomization
analyses. In preparation.
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Contents
Chapter 1 General introduction 9
Chapter 2 Anxiety disorders and comorbid depression in community- 19
dwelling older adults
Chapter 3 Mental health service use of community-dwelling older adults 37
with anxiety disorders
Chapter 4 Anxiety disorders and salivary cortisol levels in older adults: a 47
population-based study
Chapter 5 Atherosclerosis and incident depression in late life 59
Chapter 6 The PCLO gene and depressive disorders: replication in a 79
population-based study
Chapter 7 A genome-wide association study of depressive symptoms 91
Chapter 8 Genetic risk profiles for depression and anxiety in adult and 127
elderly cohorts
Chapter 9 Obesity and incident depression: findings from conventional and 147
Mendelian randomization analyses
Chapter 10 General discussion 165
Summary 181
Samenvatting 187
Dankwoord 193
About the author (Curriculum Vitae, PhD portfolio and 199
publications)

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