Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia

359 Pages·2009·6.49 MB·English

Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia
Prevalence, determinants and genetic basis
The printing of this thesis was fi nancially supported by the Department of Medical Micro-
biology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam.
Cover design: Batik by Wien’s Hand Creation & Nature, Semarang, Indonesia, photo-
graphed by Duta Indah Foto, Semarang, Indonesia
Printed by: Optima Grafi sche Communicatie, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
ISBN 978-90-8559-606-6
© E. S. Lestari and J. A. Severin, Rotterdam, 2009.
All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by
any means, electronic or mechanical, without the prior written permission of the authors,
or where appropriate, of the publisher of the articles.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia
Prevalence, determinants and genetic basis
Antimicrobiële resistentie in Indonesië
Prevalentie, determinanten en genetische basis
Thesis
to obtain the degree of Doctor from the
Erasmus University Rotterdam
by command of the
rector magnifi cus
Prof.dr. H.G. Schmidt
and in accordance with the decision of the Doctorate Board.
The public defense shall be held on
Tuesday, December 15th, 2009 at 13.30 hours
by
Endang Sri Lestari
born in Purwodadi – Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia
and
Juliëtte Astrid Severin
born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands
DOCTORAL COMMITTEE
Promoters: Prof.dr. H.A. Verbrugh
Prof.dr. K. Kuntaman
Other members: Prof.dr. A. van Belkum
Prof.dr. Ariawan Soejoenoes
Prof.dr.ir. J.D.F. Habbema
Copromoters: Dr. W.H.F. Goessens
Dr. M. Keuter
Untuk yang tercinta dan tersayang
Suamiku Achmad Fuadi dan anak-anakku mas Qorri dan dik Vaza
Aan mijn ouders
Voor Marcelo en Sibolt
The studies in this thesis were performed on behalf of the Antimicrobial Resistance in
Indonesia: Prevalence and Prevention (AMRIN) study group:
Dr. Soetomo Hospital-School of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indo-
nesia:
Prof. Widjoseno Gardjito, MD; Erni P. Kolopaking, MPPM; Prof. Karjadi Wirjoatmodjo, MD;
Prof. Djoko Roeshadi, MD PhD; Prof. Eddy Suwandojo, MD; Prof. Eddy Rahardjo, MD
PhD; Prof. Ismoedijanto MD PhD; Prof. Paul Tahalele, MD PhD; Prof. Hendromartono,
MD PhD; Hari Parathon, MD; Usman Hadi, MD PhD; Nun Zairina, HospPharm; Mariyatul
Qibtiyah, HospPharm; Endang Isbandiati, MD PhD; Kartuti Deborah, MD; Prof. K. Kunta-
man, MD PhD; Prof. Ni Made Mertaniasih, MD PhD; Marijam Purwanta, MSc; Lindawati
Alimsardjono, MD; Maria Inge Lusida, MD PhD.
Dr. Kariadi Hospital-School of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indo-
nesia:
Prof. Ariawan Soejoenoes, MD; Budi Riyanto, MD, MSc; Prof. Hendro Wahjono, MD PhD;
Musrichan Adhisaputro, MD; Winarto, MD, PhD; Subakir, MD; Bambang Isbandrio, MD;
Bambang Triwara, HospPharm; Johnny Syoeib, MD; Endang Sri Lestari, MD; Bambang
Wibowo, MD; Muchlis A.U. Sofro, MD; Helmia Farida, MD MSc; M.M.D.E.A.H. Hapsari,
MD; Tri Laksana Nugraha, MD MSc.
Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands:
Prof. Peterhans van den Broek, MD PhD; D. Offra Duerink, MD PhD MA.
Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands:
Prof. Henri A. Verbrugh, MD PhD; Inge C. Gyssens, MD PhD.
Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands:
Monique Keuter, MD PhD.
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction and outline of the thesis 9
Part I Background
Chapter 2 Antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacteria in 17
Southeast Asia: A review
Chapter 3 Rationale and design of the AMRIN study 63
Part II Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Indonesia
Chapter 4 Comparison of the accuracy of disk diffusion zone diameters 81
obtained by manual zone measurements to that by automated
zone measurements to determine antimicrobial susceptibility
Chapter 5 Antimicrobial resistance among commensal isolates of 93
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the Indonesian
population inside and outside hospitals
Part III Focus on Staphylococcus spp.
Chapter 6 Determinants of carriage of resistant Staphylococcus aureus 109
among S. aureus carriers in the Indonesian population inside
and outside hospitals
Chapter 7 Unusually high prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin 131
genes among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
strains carried in the Indonesian population
Chapter 8 Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive 149
strains of Staphylococcus sciuri in the Indonesian population:
epidemiology and risk factors
Part IV Focus on Enterobacteriaceae
Chapter 9 Determinants of carriage of resistant Escherichia coli in the 171
Indonesian population inside and outside hospitals
Chapter 10 Fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli, Indonesia 193
8 Contents
Chapter 11 Quinolone resistance mechanisms in commensal Escherichia 209
coli isolated in a population-based survey in Indonesia
Chapter 12 Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum -lactamase-producing 219
Enterobacteriaceae among patients and healthy persons from
Java, Indonesia
Chapter 13 Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum -lactamases 235
in clinical Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates
from Surabaya, Indonesia
Part V Discussion
Chapter 14 General discussion and conclusion 255
Chapter 15 Summary 275
Nederlandse samenvatting (Dutch summary) 281
Ringkasan dalam bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian summary) 285
Ucapan terimakasih / Dankwoord (Acknowledgments) 289
Curriculum vitae 297
List of publications 301
PhD portfolio 309
Appendix: Antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic usage and infection A1
control. A self-assessment program for Indonesian hospitals
Chapter 1
I ntroduction and outline of the thesis