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antibiotics in critically ill patients clinical pharmacology PDF

87 Pages·2016·3.78 MB·English
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ANTIBIOTICS IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Lenka Součková Control of infectious disease MMWR, Achievements in Public Health, 1900-1999: Control of Infectious Diseases, 1999 / 48(29);621-629 Great antibiotic Clear Cure the Pathogen solution patient Is always ATB great? Clear Cure the Pathogen solution patient Critical steps in antibiotic therapy Determine  the right time initiating antibiotic therapy - golden hour of sepsis  ATB selection  the correct dose - dose optimisation - iv to oral switch  the correct time interval  duration of antibiotic therapy - de escalation  inappropriate or redundant antibiotics (dual anaerobic cover etc)  Recognize different types of ADRs of individual antibiotics and  suitably replace Identify where the use of antibiotics inappropriate / unwanted  Normal flora Normal Conditional Pathogen Pathogen Pathogen Microbes that engage in mutual or commensal  associations - normal (resident) flora, indigenous flora, microbiota Infection- a condition in which pathogenic microbes  penetrate host defenses, enter tissues and multiply Disease – any deviation from health, disruption of a  tissue or organ Caused by microbes or their products – infectious  disease Symbiosis, natural protection Eradicate all pathogens Innate Resistance to Infection Nonspecific physical, anatomical, and chemical • barriers prevent colonization of the host by most pathogens Lack of these defenses results in susceptibility • to infection and colonization by a pathogen. Anatomic barriers breached (IV’s, foleys, vents etc.)  Exposure to virulent pathogens  many resistant to multiple antibiotics 

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Great antibiotic. Pathogen. Clear solution. Cure the patient . critical care units in 2009 evaluated 14414 patients estimated that over half the patients in . organisms during the dosing interval is more limited. YUMC .. and children, fifth edition,ACP, Philadelphia, USA, ISBN: 978-1-930513-76-. 1,
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