Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy (Cancer Drug Discovery and Development) (Cancer Drug Discovery and Development) PDF
Preview Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy (Cancer Drug Discovery and Development) (Cancer Drug Discovery and Development)
Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy Cancer Drug Discovery and Development Beverly A. Teicher, Series Editor CancerProteomics:FromBenchtoBedside, BoneMetastasis:ExperimentalandClinical editedbySayedS.Daoud,2008 Therapeutics,editedbyGurmitSinghand AntiangiogenicAgentsinCancerTherapy, ShafaatA.Rabbani,2005 SecondEdition,editedbyBeverlyA.Teicher TheOncogenomicsHandbook,editedbyWilliam andLeeM.Ellis,2007 J.LaRochelleandRichardA.Shimkets,2005 ApoptosisandSenescenceinCancer CamptothecinsinCancerTherapy,editedby ChemotherapyandRadiotherapy,Second ThomasG.BurkeandValR.Adams,2005 Edition,editedbyDavidA.Gerwitz,Shawn CombinationCancerTherapy:Modulatorsand EdanHoltz,andStevenGrant,2007 Potentiators,editedbyGaryK.Schwartz, MolecularTargetinginOncology,editedby 2005 HowardL.Kaufman,ScottWadler,and CancerChemoprevention,Volume2:Strategies KarenAntman,2007 forCancerChemoprevention,editedbyGary InVivoImagingofCancerTherapy,editedby J.Kelloff,ErnestT.Hawk,andCarolineC. AnthonyF.ShieldsandPatriciaPrice,2007 Sigman,2005 TransformingGrowthFactor-(cid:2)inCancer DeathReceptorsinCancerTherapy,editedby Therapy,VolumeII:CancerTreatmentand WafikS.El-Deiry,2005 Therapy,editedbySoniaJakowlew,2007 CancerChemoprevention,Volume1:Promising TransformingGrowthFactor-(cid:2)inCancer CancerChemopreventiveAgents,editedby Therapy,Volume1:BasicandClinical GaryJ.Kelloff,ErnestT.Hawk,and Biology,editedbySoniaJakowlew,2007 CarolineC.Sigman,2004 MicrotubuleTargetsinCancerTherapy,edited ProteasomeInhibitorsinCancerTherapy, byAntonioT.Fojo,2007 editedbyJulianAdams,2004 CytokinesintheGenesisandTreatmentof NucleicAcidTherapeuticsinCancer,editedby Cancer,editedbyMichaelA.Caligiuri, AlanM.Gewirtz,2004 MichaelT.Lotze,andFrancesR.Balkwill, DNARepairinCancerTherapy,editedby 2007 LawrenceC.PanasciandMoulayA. RegionalCancerTherapy,editedbyPeterM. Alaoui-Jamali,2004 SchlagandUlrikeStein,2007 HematopoieticGrowthFactorsinOncology: GeneTherapyforCancer,editedbyKellyK. BasicScienceandClinicalTherapeutics, Hunt,StephanA.Vorburger,andStephenG. editedbyGeorgeMorstyn,MaryAnnFoote, Swisher,2007 andGrahamJ.Lieschke,2004 DeoxynucleosideAnalogsinCancerTherapy, HandbookofAnticancerPharmacokineticsand editedbyGodefridusJ.Peters,2006 Pharmacodynamics,editedbyWilliamD. CancerDrugResistance,editedbyBeverlyA. FiggandHowardL.McLeod,2004 Teicher,2006 AnticancerDrugDevelopmentGuide: HistoneDeacetylases:Transcriptional PreclinicalScreening,ClinicalTrials,and RegulationandOtherCellularFunctions, Approval,SecondEdition,editedbyBeverly editedbyEricVerdin,2006 A.TeicherandPaulA.Andrews,2004 ImmunotherapyofCancer,editedby HandbookofCancerVaccines,editedby MaryL.Disis,2006 MichaelA.Morse,TimothyM.Clay,andKim BiomarkersinBreastCancer:Molecular H.Lyerly,2004 DiagnosticsforPredictingandMonitoring DrugDeliverySystemsinCancerTherapy, TherapeuticEffect,editedbyGiampietro editedbyDennisM.Brown,2003 GaspariniandDanielF.Hayes, Oncogene-DirectedTherapies,editedbyJanusz 2006 Rak,2003 ProteinTyrosineKinases:FromInhibitorsto CellCycleInhibitorsinCancerTherapy: UsefulDrugs,editedbyDorianaFabbroand CurrentStrategies,editedbyAntonio FrankMcCormick,2005 GiordanoandKennethJ.Soprano,2003 Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy econd dition S E Edited by Beverly A. Teicher, p d h Genzyme Corporation Framingham, MA Lee M. Ellis, md The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX Editors BeverlyA.Teicher,PhD LeeM.Ellis,MD GenzymeCorporation TheUniversityofTexas Framingham,MA M.D.AndersonCancerCenter Houston,TX ISBN:978-1-58829-870-6 e-ISBN:978-1-59745-184-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2007932635 ©2008HumanaPress,apartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwithoutthewrittenpermissionof thepublisher(HumanaPress,999RiverviewDrive,Suite208,Totowa,NJ07512USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsin connectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysis.Useinconnectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval, electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped isforbidden. Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarks,andsimilarterms,eveniftheyarenotidentified assuch,isnottobetakenasanexpressionofopinionastowhetherornottheyaresubjecttoproprietaryrights. Cover:Photomicrograph,courtesyofMichaelJ.Gray,PhD,UniversityofTexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter. Printedonacid-freepaper 987654321 springer.com Preface Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target for malignant disease has evolved from a pioneering idea outside of the mainstream of therapeutic development to an FDA- approved therapy widely used in patients with metastatic disease. The success in achieving such rapid progress in realizing the importance of angiogenesis in tumor growthitsvalueasatherapeutictarget,aswellasreflectstheimpactofvocalpioneers in the field and the dedication, creativity, and insight of scientific investigators in oncology over the past 35 years. ThissecondeditionofAntiangiogenicAgentsinCancerTherapyisintendedtogive acurrentperspectiveonthestateoftheartofangiogenensisandtherapydirectedatthis process.PartIreflectstheenormousprogressinunderstandingthecelltypes,thegrowth factors, the environmental influences, and the genetic and physiologic abnormalities that mediate angiogenesis and its role in progression of malignant disease. Part II is a tribute to the intellect and creativity of those who developed working models of tumor angiogenesis. These scientists have developed in vivo systems and mechanical and computational tools to examine the structure and function of vessels in malignant tissues and their response to therapeutics in the preclinical setting. Part III is devoted to the role of angiogenesis inhibition in the therapy of malignant disease in humans. Clinical trial design for elucidating the activity of treatment agents and the vasculature and methods for imaging these effects are addressed. Selected malignant diseases are treated in each of several chapters with overviews of angiogenesis in those diseases and the impact of antiangiogenic agents in treatment and on therapeutic outcomes. In addition,clinicalinvestigatorsprovideabackgroundoncurrentdirectionsoftheuseof theseagentsinclinicalpracticeandongoingtrials.Antiangiogenesisremainsadynamic and evolving field in oncology. New therapeutic targets continue to emerge followed bytherapiddevelopmentofnewtherapeuticagentstobeinvestigatedinclinicaltrials. Optimizing the therapeutic potential of antiangiogenic agents in combination with the other therapies in the armamentarium to fight cancer will be an ongoing challenge. Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy, Second Edition represents a compendium of scientific findings and approaches to the study of angiogenesis in cancer that will be useful for many years. Beverly A. Teicher, PhD Lee M. Ellis, MD v Contents Preface........................................................................................................................ v Contributors................................................................................................................ xi List of Color Plates.................................................................................................... xv Part I. Basic Biology of Angiogenesis 1 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family and Its Receptors................... 3 Daniel J. Hicklin 2 The Cycle Between Angiogenesis, Perfusion, and Hypoxia in Tumors.............................................................................. 27 Mark W. Dewhirst, Yiting Cao, and Gordana Vlahovic 3 The Role of Integrins in Tumor Angiogenesis.............................................. 49 Aparna R. Aiyer and Judith A. Varner 4 Tumor Endothelial Cell Abnormalities.......................................................... 73 Andrew C. Dudley and Michael Klagsbrun 5 The Extracellular Matrix and VEGF Processing........................................... 85 Sunyoung Lee and M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe 6 Endothelial Precursor Cells............................................................................ 99 Rebecca G. Bagley 7 Role of Pericytes in Angiogenesis.................................................................117 Chunhua Lu and Anil K. Sood 8 Newer Vascular Targets.................................................................................133 Beverly A. Teicher 9 Chemokines in Angiogenesis.........................................................................155 Michael P. Keane, John A. Belperio, and Robert M. Strieter 10 Angiopoietin/Tie2 Signaling Regulates Tumor Angiogenesis......................171 Hanako Kobayashi, Laura M. DeBusk, and P. Charles Lin 11 Imaging Angiogenesis....................................................................................189 Sanjeeva P. Kalva, Saravanan Namasivayam, and Dushyant Vasuedeo Sahani 12 Tumor Blood Vessels: Structure, Function, and Classification...................205 Yineng Fu, Janice A. Nagy, Ann M. Dvorak, and Harold F. Dvorak 13 Lymphatic System in the Pathology of Cancer.............................................225 Bronislaw Pytowski vii viii Contents Part II. Translational Research in Tumor Angiogenesis 14 VEGF in the Adult: Implications for Anti-VEGF Therapies........................245 Arindel S. R. Maharaj and Patricia A. D’Amore 15 Normalization of Tumor Vasculature and Microenvironment: A Potential Mechanism of Action of Antiangiogenic Therapies...................................261 Rakesh K. Jain, Tracy T. Batchelor, Dan G. Duda, and Christopher G. Willett 16 Metronomic Low-Dose Antiangiogenic Chemotherapy in Mice and Man......................................................................................................277 Robert S. Kerbel, U. Emmenegger, S. Man, R. Munoz, C. Folkins, and Y. Shaked 17 Small-Molecule Vascular Disrupting Agents in Cancer Therapy.................297 Dietmar W. Siemann and Michael R. Horsman 18 Normalization of Tumor Vasculature and Improvement of Radiation Response by Antiangiogenic Agents.........................................................311 Erin Mendoza, Randy Burd, Phyllis Wachsberger, and Adam P. Dicker 19 Challenges in Translating Antiangiogenic Therapy from the Bench to Bedside.........................................................................323 Lee M. Ellis, Nikolaos A. Dallas, George van Buren II, Sherry Lim, Ling Xia, Fan Fan, and Michael J. Gray 20 Regulation of Angiogenesis in Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implications....331 Liangfeng Han, Annaka M. Lorincz, and Saraswati Sukumar Part III. Antiangiogenic Therapy in the Clinical Trial Results and Future Directions 21 Angiogenesis and Angiogenesis Inhibition in Sarcomas..............................353 Steven DuBois and George Demetri 22 Antiangiogenesis Agents in Colorectal Cancer.............................................371 Axel Grothey 23 Antiangiogenic Therapy for Primary CNS Tumors......................................385 Katherine E. Warren and Howard A. Fine 24 Angiogenesis Inhibitors for the Treatment of Lung Cancer.........................409 Monique B. Nilsson, Emer O. Hanrahan, and John V. Heymach 25 Antiangiogenic Therapy of Renal Cell Carcinoma.......................................427 Michael S. Gordon and Scot W. Ebbinghaus 26 Antiangiogenesis Therapies in Gynecologic Malignancies...........................441 Robert A. Burger 27 Antiangiogenic Agents in Myeloid Malignancies.........................................457 Magda Melchert and Alan F. List Contents ix 28 Angiogenesis in Malignant and Non-Malignant Pediatric Tumors..............475 Domenico Ribatti and Mirco Ponzoni 29 Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Surrogate Biomarkers of Angiogenesis..........................................................................................487 Raffaelo Longo, Francesco Torino, and Giampietro Gasparini 30 Endpoints for the Determination of Efficacy of Antiangiogenic Agents in Clinical Trials.........................................................................................509 Joseph Paul Eder and Dan S. Zuckerman 31 The Role of Imaging in the Clinical Development of Antiangiogenic Agents...........................................................................525 Andrew R. Clamp and Gordon C. Jayson Index...........................................................................................................................537 Contributors Aparna R. Aiyer • Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA Rebecca G. Bagley • Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, MA Tracy T. Batchelor • Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA John A. Belperio • Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA Randy Burd • Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ George van Buren II • Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX Robert A. Burger • Department of Clinical OB/Gynoncology, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA Yiting Cao • Radiation Oncology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC Andrew R. Clamp • Cancer Research UK Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK Patricia A. D’Amore • Schepens Eye Research Institute; Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Nikolaos A. Dallas • Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX Laura M. DeBusk • Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN George Demetri • Director, Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber/Harvard University, Clinical and Translational Research, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Boston, MA Mark W. Dewhirst • Radiation Oncology Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC Adam P. Dicker • Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA Steven DuBois • Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA Dan G. Duda • Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Andrew C. Dudley • Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Ann M. Dvorak • Center for Vascular Biology Research and the Departments of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA xi
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