Anti-Submarine Warfare and Superpower Strategic Stability PDF
Preview Anti-Submarine Warfare and Superpower Strategic Stability
Published by Macmillan in association with the International Institute for Strategic Studies Studies in International Security Hedley Bull: THE CONTROL OF THE ARMS RACE James Cable: GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY, 1919-1979 Donald C. Daniel: ANTI-SUBMARINE WARFARE AND SUPERPOWER STRATEGIC STABILITY Paul Dibb: THE SOVIET UNION: The Incomplete Superpower Lawrence Freedman: THE EVOLUTION OF NUCLEAR STRATEGY Gwyn Harries-Jenkins (editor): ARMED FORCES AND THE WELFARE SOCIETIES: Challenges in the 1980s ·Robert Jackson: SOUTH ASIAN CRISIS J.M. Lee: AFRICAN ARMIES AND CIVIL ORDER Hanns W. Maull: RAW MATERIALS, ENERGY AND WESTERN SECURITY Adam Roberts: NATIONS IN ARMS Robert Thompson: DEFEATING COMMUNIST INSURGENCY International Institute for Strategic Studies conference papers Christoph Bertram (editor): NEW CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS AND EAST- WEST SECURITY PROSPECTS OF SOVIET POWER IN THE 1980s THE FUTURE OF STRATEGIC DETERRENCE THIRD-WORLD CONFLICT AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AMERICA'S SECURITY IN THE 1980s DEFENCE AND CONSENSUS Robert O'Neill (editor): THE CONDUCT OF EAST-WEST RELATIONS IN THE 1980s NEW TECHNOLOGY AND WESTERN SECURITY POLICY Fran<;ois de Rose: EUROPEAN SECURITY AND FRANCE Series Standing Order If you would like to receive future titles in this series as they are published, you can make use of our standing order facility. To place a standing order please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address and the name of the series. Please state with which title you wish to begin your standing order. (If you live outside the U.K. we may not have the rights for your area, in which case we will forward your order to the publisher concerned.) Standing Order Service, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Rants, RG212XS, England. ANTI-SUBMARINE WARFARE AND SUPERPOWER STRATEGIC STABILITY Donald C. Daniel M IISS MACMILLAN @International Institute for Strategic Studies 1986 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1986 978-0-333-39750-3 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1956 (as amended). Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published 1986 Published by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Daniel, Donald C. Anti-submarine warfare and superpower strategic stability.-(Studies in international security) 1. Anti-submarine warfare I. Title II. Series 359.4 V214 ISBN 978-1-349-08205-6 ISBN 978-1-349-08203-2 ( eBook) DOl 10.1007/978-1-349-08203-2 Contents List of Tables and Figures viii Acknowledgements ix List of Abbreviations X Introduction 1 PART I GENERIC CONSIDERATIONS 1 ASW Process and Operations 19 Barrage 20 Trailing 22 2 Submarine Observables and Indicators 27 Acoustic indicators 28 Non-acoustic indicators 36 Potential indicators: summary remarks 49 3 ASW Sensors and their Deployment 59 Deployment modes and platforms 59 Sensors 65 Actual and potential sensors: summary remarks 84 PART II US ASW AND SOVIET SSBNs 4 Soviet SSBN Forces and Operations 97 Trends in the number and composition of the Soviet SSBN fleet 97 The primacy of SSBN and SSBN-support missions 101 SSBN and SSBN support operations 102 vi Contents 5 US ASW Developments 117 Background 117 The US effort in long-range passive acoustic detection 118 US efforts with alternative technologies for wide-area search 126 ASW attack platforms 130 ASWweapons 134 The US ASW effort as a unified system 136 6 US ASW and Soviet SSBNs: Conclusions 145 Factors enhancing America's anti-SSBN potential 145 Factors degrading America's anti-SSBN potential 147 Net assessment and conclusions 151 PART III SOVIET ASW AND US SSBNs 7 US SSBN Forces and Operations 161 Trends in the number and composition of the US SSBN fleet 161 SSBN and SSBN support operations 165 8 Soviet ASW Developments 175 Background 175 Detection systems 177 Soviet attack platforms and weapons systems 182 9 Soviet ASW and US SSBNs: Conclusions 189 Factors enhancing the USSR's anti-SSBN potential 189 Factors degrading the USSR's anti-SSBN potential 190 Net assessment and conclusions 193 PART IV CONCLUSION 10 Conclusions 201 Findings concerning stability 201 Contents vii Negotiated ASW arms control: an additional measure? 206 Soviet ASW and the SSBN forces of Britain and France 211 Closing Observations 211 Index 215 List of Tables and Figures TABLES 1.1 Estimated MTEs per submarine variant and missile mod 14 2.1 Potential indicators 50 3.1 Estimated potential uses of actual or potential sensors 85 4.1 Characteristics of Soviet SSBNs and SLBMs 98 6.1 Summary of factors enhancing and degrading the US's anti-SSBN potential 152 7.1 Characteristics of US SSBNs and SLBMs 162 9.1 Summary of factors enhancing and degrading the USSR's anti-SSBN potential 194 FIGURES 3.1 Ground track of radar search satellite 64 7.1 SLBM launcher levels 164 viii Acknowledgements I am very happy to express strong appreciation to the IISS where I was a Research Associate in 1983, to the Ford Foundation for funding support in 1981, to the Brookings Institution where I was a Visiting Scholar in 1981, and the Naval Postgraduate School for allowing me leave-time to complete this work. I am no less appreciative of those individuals who com mented on portions of the manuscript or otherwise provided support. Among the former are Robert O'Neill, Jonathan Alford, Robert Nurick, Philip Zelikow, Michael MccGwire, Richard Garwin, Robert Bourke, James Eagle, Paolo Cotta-Ramusino, Worth Bagley, Michael McCune and Gael Donelan-Tarleton. Among the latter are John Baker, Christoph Bertram, Sherman Blandin, Robert Elliot, Pat rick Parker, Albertine Potter, John Steinbruner, Carol Wilkins, and the administrative and library staffs of the IISS and Brookings. I remain, of course, solely responsible for errors. Monterey, California D.C.D. IX
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