Ante-Nicene Fathers. In 10 vols. Volume 02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria

1094 Pages·2016·5.23 MB·English

by  Schaff Philip (Ed.)

ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century:
Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras, Theophilus,
and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
by
Philip Schaff
Christian Classics Ethereal Library
About ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras,
Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire) by Philip Schaff
Title: ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Athenagoras,
Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
URL: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf02.html
Author(s): Schaff, Philip
Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library
Description: Originally printed in 1885, the ten-volume set, Ante-Nicene Fathers,
brings together the work of early Christian thinkers. In particular, it
brings together the writings of the early Church fathers prior to the
fourth century Nicene Creed. These volumes are noteworthy for their
inclusion of entire texts, and not simply fragments or excerpts from
these great writings. The translations are fairly literal, providing both
readers and scholars with a good approximation of the originals. This
particular volume contains works by the pastor of Hermas, Tatian, St.
Theophilus, Athenagoras, and St. Clement of Alexandria. These
writings were heavily influential on the early Church, and for good
reason, as they are inspirational and encouraging. These volumes
also come with many useful notes, providing the reader with new
levels of understanding. Overall, Ante-Nicene Fathers, or any part of
it, is a welcome addition to one's reading list.
Tim Perrine
CCEL Staff Writer
Rights: Copyright Christian Classics Ethereal Library
Date Created: 2004-02-03
Status: Extended Latin sections (pp. 260-262, 381-402 of print edition) have
not been proofed. (Anyone want to provide a translation?)
CCEL Subjects: All; Early Church; Proofed
LC Call no: BR60.A62
LC Subjects: Christianity
Early Christian Literature. Fathers of the Church, etc.
ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Table of Contents
About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. ii
Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1
THE PASTOR OF HERMAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 3
Book First.—Visions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 9
Vision First. Against Filthy and Proud Thoughts, and the Carelessness
of Hermas in Chastising His Sons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 10
Vision Second. Again, of His Neglect in Chastising His Talkative Wife
and His Lustful Sons, and of His Character.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 13
Vision Third. Concerning the Building of the Triumphant Church, and the
Various Classes of Reprobate Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 16
Vision Fourth. Concerning the Trial and Tribulation that are to Come Upon
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 25
Vision Fifth. Concerning the Commandments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 28
Book Second.—Commandments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29
Commandment First. On Faith in God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 29
Commandment Second. On Avoiding Evil-Speaking, and on Giving Alms
in Simplicity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 30
Commandment Third. On Avoiding Falsehood, and on the Repentance
of Hermas for His Dissimulation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 30
Commandment Fourth. On Putting One’s Wife Away for Adultery.. . . . . p. 31
Commandment Fifth. Of Sadness of Heart, and of Patience.. . . . . . . p. 34
Commandment Sixth. How to Recognise the Two Spirits Attendant on
Each Man, and How to Distinguish the Suggestions of the One from
Those of the Other.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 36
Commandment Seventh. On Fearing God, and Not Fearing the
Devil.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 38
Commandment Eighth. We Ought to Shun that Which is Evil, and Do that
Which is Good.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 38
Commandment Ninth. Prayer Must Be Made to God Without Ceasing,
and with Unwavering Confidence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 40
Commandment Tenth. Of Grief, and Not Grieving the Spirit of God Which
is in Us.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 41
Commandment Eleventh. The Spirit and Prophets to Be Tried by Their
Works; Also of the Two Kinds of Spirit.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 43
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Commandment Twelfth. On the Twofold Desire. The Commandments of
God Can Be Kept, and Believers Ought Not to Fear the Devil.. . . . . . p. 45
Book Third.—Similitudes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 48
Similitude First. As in This World We Have No Abiding City, We Ought
to Seek One to Come.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 48
Similitude Second. As the Vine is Supported by the Elm, So is the Rich
Man Helped by the Prayer of the Poor.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 50
Similitude Third. As in Winter Green Trees Cannot Be Distinguished from
Withered, So in This World Neither Can the Just from the Unjust.. . . . . p. 51
Similitude Fourth. As in Summer Living Trees are Distinguished from
Withered by Fruit and Living Leaves, So in the World to Come the Just
Differ from the Unjust in Happiness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52
Similitude Fifth. Of True Fasting and Its Reward: Also of Purity of
Body.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 52
Similitude Sixth. Of the Two Classes of Voluptuous Men, and of Their
Death, Falling Away, and the Duration of Their Punishment.. . . . . . . p. 58
Similitude Seventh. They Who Repent Must Bring Forth Fruits Worthy of
Repentance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 62
Similitude Eighth. The Sins of the Elect and of the Penitent are of Many
Kinds, But All Will Be Rewarded According to the Measure of Their
Repentance and Good Works.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 63
Similitude Ninth. The Great Mysteries in the Building of the Militant and
Triumphant Church.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 70
Similitude Tenth. Concerning Repentance and Alms-Giving.. . . . . . . p. 89
Elucidations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 91
TATIAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 96
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 96
Address to the Greeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 98
Chapter I. The Greeks Claim, Without Reason, the Invention of the
Arts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 99
Chapter II. The Vices and Errors of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 100
Chapter III. Ridicule of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 100
Chapter IV. The Christians Worship God Alone.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 101
Chapter V. The Doctrine of the Christians as to the Creation of the
World.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 102
Chapter VI. Christians’ Belief in the Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103
Chapter VII. Concerning the Fall of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 103
Chapter VIII. The Demons Sin Among Mankind.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 104
Chapter IX. They Give Rise to Superstitions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 105
Chapter X. Ridicule of the Heathen Divinities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 106
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XI. The Sin of Men Due Not to Fate, But to Free-Will.. . . . . . p. 107
Chapter XII. The Two Kinds of Spirits.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 107
Chapter XIII. Theory of the Soul’s Immortality.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 109
Chapter XIV. The Demons Shall Be Punished More Severely Than
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 110
Chapter XV. Necessity of a Union with the Holy Spirit.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 110
Chapter XVI. Vain Display of Power by the Demons.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 111
Chapter XVII. They Falsely Promise Health to Their Votaries.. . . . . . p. 112
Chapter XVIII. They Deceive, Instead of Healing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 113
Chapter XIX. Depravity Lies at the Bottom of Demon-Worship.. . . . . . p. 113
Chapter XX. Thanks are Ever Due to God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 114
Chapter XXI. Doctrines of the Christians and Greeks Respecting God
Compared.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 115
Chapter XXII. Ridicule of the Solemnities of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . p. 116
Chapter XXIII. Of the Pugilists and Gladiators.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 117
Chapter XXIV. Of the Other Public Amusements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 118
Chapter XXV. Boastings and Quarrels of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . p. 118
Chapter XXVI. Ridicule of the Studies of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 119
Chapter XXVII. The Christians are Hated Unjustly.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 120
Chapter XXVIII. Condemnation of the Greek Legislation.. . . . . . . . . . p. 120
Chapter XXIX. Account of Tatian’s Conversion.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 121
Chapter XXX. How He Resolved to Resist the Devil.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 121
Chapter XXXI. The Philosophy of the Christians More Ancient Than that
of the Greeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 122
Chapter XXXII. The Doctrine of the Christians, is Opposed to Dissensions,
and Fitted for All.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123
Chapter XXXIII. Vindication of Christian Women.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 123
Chapter XXXIV. Ridicule of the Statues Erected by the Greeks.. . . . . p. 125
Chapter XXXV. Tatian Speaks as an Eye-Witness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 126
Chapter XXXVI. Testimony of the Chaldeans to the Antiquity of
Moses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 126
Chapter XXXVII. Testimony of the Phœnicians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 127
Chapter XXXVIII. The Egyptians Place Moses in the Reign of
Inachus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 127
Chapter XXXIX. Catalogue of the Argive Kings.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 127
Chapter XL. Moses More Ancient and Credible Than the Heathen
Heroes.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 128
Chapter XLI.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 129
Chapter XLII. Concluding Statement as to the Author.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 129
Fragments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 130
v
ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
THEOPHILUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 133
Theophilus to Autolycus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135
Book I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135
Chapter I.—Autolycus an Idolater and Scorner of Christians.. . . . . . p. 135
Chapter II.—That the Eyes of the Soul Must Be Purged Ere God Can
Be Seen.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 135
Chapter III.—Nature of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 136
Chapter IV.—Attributes of God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 137
Chapter V.—The Invisible God Perceived Through His Works.. . . . . p. 137
Chapter VI.—God is Known by His Works.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 138
Chapter VII.—We Shall See God When We Put on Immortality.. . . . . p. 139
Chapter VIII.—Faith Required in All Matters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 139
Chapter IX.—Immoralities of the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 140
Chapter X.—Absurdities of Idolatry.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 140
Chapter XI.—The King to Be Honoured, God to Be Worshipped.. . . . p. 141
Chapter XII.—Meaning of the Name Christian.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 141
Chapter XIII.—The Resurrection Proved by Examples.. . . . . . . . . . p. 142
Chapter XIV.—Theophilus an Example of Conversion.. . . . . . . . . . p. 143
Book II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 143
Chapter I.—Occasion of Writing This Book.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144
Chapter II.—The Gods are Despised When They are Made; But Become
Valuable When Bought.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144
Chapter III.—What Has Become of the Gods?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 144
Chapter IV.—Absurd Opinions of the Philosophers Concerning
God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 145
Chapter V.—Opinions of Homer and Hesiod Concerning the
Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 146
Chapter VI.—Hesiod on the Origin of the World.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 147
Chapter VII.—Fabulous Heathen Genealogies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 148
Chapter VIII.— Opinions Concerning Providence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 149
Chapter IX.—The Prophets Inspired by the Holy Ghost.. . . . . . . . . p. 151
Chapter X.—The World Created by God Through the Word.. . . . . . p. 152
Chapter XI.—The Six Days’ Work Described.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 153
Chapter XII.—The Glory of the Six Days’ Work.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 154
Chapter XIII.—Remarks on the Creation of the World.. . . . . . . . . . p. 155
Chapter XIV.—The World Compared to the Sea.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 156
Chapter XV.—Of the Fourth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 157
Chapter XVI.—Of the Fifth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 157
Chapter XVII.—Of the Sixth Day.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 158
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XVIII.—The Creation of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 158
Chapter XIX.—Man is Placed in Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 159
Chapter XX.—The Scriptural Account of Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160
Chapter XXI.—Of the Fall of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 160
Chapter XXII.—Why God is Said to Have Walked.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 161
Chapter XXIII.—The Truth of the Account in Genesis.. . . . . . . . . . p. 162
Chapter XXIV.—The Beauty of Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 162
Chapter XXV.—God Was Justified in Forbidding Man to Eat of the Tree
of Knowledge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 163
Chapter XXVI.—God’s Goodness in Expelling Man from
Paradise.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164
Chapter XXVII.—The Nature of Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 164
Chapter XXVIII.—Why Eve Was Formed of Adam’s Rib.. . . . . . . . . p. 165
Chapter XXIX.—Cain’s Crime.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 165
Chapter XXX.—Cain’s Family and Their Inventions.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 166
Chapter XXXI.—The History After the Flood.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 167
Chapter XXXII.—How the Human Race Was Dispersed.. . . . . . . . . p. 169
Chapter XXXIII.—Profane History Gives No Account of These
Matters.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 169
Chapter XXXIV.—The Prophets Enjoined Holiness of Life.. . . . . . . p. 170
Chapter XXXV.—Precepts from the Prophetic Books.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 170
Chapter XXXVI.—Prophecies of the Sibyl.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 172
Chapter XXXVII.—The Testimonies of the Poets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 174
Chapter XXXVIII.—The Teachings of the Greek Poets and Philosophers
Confirmatory of Those of the Hebrew Prophets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 176
Book III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 177
Chapter I.—Autolycus Not Yet Convinced.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 177
Chapter II.—Profane Authors Had No Means of Knowing the
Truth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 178
Chapter III.—Their Contradictions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 178
Chapter IV.—How Autolycus Had Been Misled by False Accusations
Against the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 179
Chapter V.—Philosophers Inculcate Cannibalism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 179
Chapter VI.—Other Opinions of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 180
Chapter VII.—Varying Doctrine Concerning the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . p. 180
Chapter VIII.—Wickedness Attributed to the Gods by Heathen
Writers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 182
Chapter IX.—Christian Doctrine of God and His Law.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 182
Chapter X.—Of Humanity to Strangers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 183
Chapter XI.—Of Repentance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 184
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XII.—Of Righteousness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 184
Chapter XIII.—Of Chastity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 185
Chapter XIV.—Of Loving Our Enemies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 186
Chapter XV.—The Innocence of the Christians Defended.. . . . . . . . p. 186
Chapter XVI.—Uncertain Conjectures of the Philosophers.. . . . . . . p. 187
Chapter XVII.—Accurate Information of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . p. 187
Chapter XVIII.—Errors of the Greeks About the Deluge.. . . . . . . . . p. 188
Chapter XIX.—Accurate Account of the Deluge.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 188
Chapter XX.—Antiquity of Moses.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 189
Chapter XXI.—Of Manetho’s Inaccuracy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 189
Chapter XXII.—Antiquity of the Temple.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 190
Chapter XXIII.—Prophets More Ancient Than Greek Writers.. . . . . . p. 191
Chapter XXIV.—Chronology from Adam.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 192
Chapter XXV.—From Saul to the Captivity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 192
Chapter XXVI.—Contrast Between Hebrew and Greek Writings.. . . . . p. 193
Chapter XXVII.—Roman Chronology to the Death of M. Aurelius.. . . . p. 194
Chapter XXVIII.—Leading Chronological Epochs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 194
Chapter XXIX.—Antiquity of Christianity.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 195
Chapter XXX.—Why the Greeks Did Not Mention Our Histories.. . . . . p. 196
ATHENAGORAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 197
A Plea for the Christians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 200
Chapter I.—Injustice Shown Towards the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 200
Chapter II.—Claim to Be Treated as Others are When Accused.. . . . . p. 202
Chapter III.—Charges Brought Against the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 203
Chapter IV.—The Christians are Not Atheists, But Acknowledge One
Only God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 203
Chapter V.—Testimony of the Poets to the Unity of God.. . . . . . . . . . p. 204
Chapter VI.—Opinions of the Philosophers as to the One God.. . . . . . p. 205
Chapter VII.—Superiority of the Christian Doctrine Respecting
God.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 206
Chapter VIII.—Absurdities of Polytheism.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 206
Chapter IX.—The Testimony of the Prophets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 207
Chapter X.—The Christians Worship the Father, Son, and Holy
Ghost.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 208
Chapter XI.—The Moral Teaching of the Christians Repels the Charge
Brought Against Them.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 209
Chapter XII.—Consequent Absurdity of the Charge of Atheism.. . . . . p. 210
Chapter XIII.—Why the Christians Do Not Offer Sacrifices.. . . . . . . . p. 211
Chapter XIV.—Inconsistency of Those Who Accuse the Christians.. . . . p. 211
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter XV.—The Christians Distinguish God from Matter.. . . . . . . . p. 212
Chapter XVI.—The Christians Do Not Worship the Universe.. . . . . . . p. 212
Chapter XVII.—The Names of the Gods and Their Images are But of
Recent Date.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 213
Chapter XVIII.—The Gods Themselves Have Been Created, as the Poets
Confess.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 214
Chapter XIX.—The Philosophers Agree with the Poets Respecting the
Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 216
Chapter XX.—Absurd Representations of the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 217
Chapter XXI.—Impure Loves Ascribed to the Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 218
Chapter XXII.—Pretended Symbolical Explanations.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 220
Chapter XXIII.—Opinions of Thales and Plato.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 222
Chapter XXIV.—Concerning the Angels and Giants.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 223
Chapter XXV.—The Poets and Philosophers Have Denied a Divine
Providence.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 225
Chapter XXVI.—The Demons Allure Men to the Worship of
Images.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 226
Chapter XXVII.—Artifices of the Demons.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 227
Chapter XXVIII.—The Heathen Gods Were Simply Men.. . . . . . . . . . p. 227
Chapter XXIX.—Proof of the Same from the Poets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 229
Chapter XXX.—Reasons Why Divinity Has Been Ascribed to Men.. . . . p. 230
Chapter XXXI.—Confutation of the Other Charges Brought Against the
Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 231
Chapter XXXII.—Elevated Morality of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 232
Chapter XXXIII.—Chastity of the Christians with Respect to
Marriage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 233
Chapter XXXIV.—The Vast Difference in Morals Between the Christians
and Their Accusers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 234
Chapter XXXV.—The Christians Condemn and Detest All Cruelty.. . . . p. 234
Chapter XXXVI.—Bearing of the Doctrine of the Resurrection on the
Practices of the Christians.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 235
Chapter XXXVII.—Entreaty to Be Fairly Judged.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 236
The Resurrection of the Dead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 237
Chapter I.—Defence of the Truth Should Precede Discussions Regarding
It.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 237
Chapter II.—A Resurrection is Not Impossible.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 238
Chapter III.—He Who Could Create, Can Also Raise Up the Dead.. . . . p. 239
Chapter IV.—Objection from the Fact that Some Human Bodies Have
Become Part of Others.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 239
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ANF02. Fathers of the Second Century: Hermas, Tatian, Philip Schaff
Athenagoras, Theophilus, and Clement of Alexandria (Entire)
Chapter V.—Reference to the Processes of Digestion and
Nutrition.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 240
Chapter VI.—Everything that is Useless or Hurtful is Rejected.. . . . . . p. 241
Chapter VII.—The Resurrection-Body Different from the Present.. . . . . p. 242
Chapter VIII.—Human Flesh Not the Proper or Natural Food of
Men.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 243
Chapter IX.—Absurdity of Arguing from Man’s Impotency.. . . . . . . . . p. 243
Chapter X.—It Cannot Be Shown that God Does Not Will a
Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 244
Chapter XI.—Recapitulation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 245
Chapter XII.—Argument for the Resurrection /rom the Purpose
Contemplated in Man’s Creation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 246
Chapter XIII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 247
Chapter XIV.—The Resurrection Does Not Rest Solely on the Fact of a
Future Judgment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 248
Chapter XV.—Argument for the Resurrection from the Nature of
Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 249
Chapter XVI—Analogy of Death and Sleep, and Consequent Argument
for the Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 250
Chapter XVII.—The Series of Changes We Can Now Trace in Man
Renders a Resurrection Probable.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 251
Chapter XVIII.—Judgment Must Have Reference Both to Soul and Body:
There Will Therefore Be a Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 252
Chapter XIX.—Man Would Be More Unfavourably Situated Than the
Beasts If There Were No Resurrection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 253
Chapter XX.—Man Must Be Possessed Both of a Body and Soul
Hereafter, that the Judgment Passed Upon Him May Be Just.. . . . . . p. 254
Chapter XXI.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 255
Chapter XXII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 256
Chapter XXIII.—Continuation of the Argument.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 256
Chapter XXIV.—Argument for the Resurrection from the Chief End of
Man.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 257
Chapter XXV.—Argument Continued and Concluded.. . . . . . . . . . . . p. 258
CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 260
Introductory Note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 260
Exhortation to the Heathen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 266
Chapter I.—Exhortation to Abandon the Impious Mysteries of Idolatry for
the Adoration of the Divine Word and God the Father.. . . . . . . . . . . p. 266
Chapter II.—The Absurdity and Impiety of the Heathen Mysteries and
Fables About the Birth and Death of Their Gods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 272
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